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7/30/2019 Solar Expert Webinar -Top 10 Technical Lessons for PV Projects
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Top 10 Technical Lessons
for PV Projectsfrom planning to grid integration
ROBERT PFATISCHER,MANAGING DIRECTOR,HEAD QUALITY SERVICES PV
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About meteocontrol
30 years of expertise
Market leader in professional monitoring
31.000 PV-systems, 6.7 GWp Quality Services covering total investment
volume of EUR 10 billion
100 employees worldwide
Member of S.A.G. group
OFFICES and strategic partners
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Quality Services meteocontrol
3
Technical Acceptance Monitoring of PV Systems
Operation Management
Construction Phase
Deconstructio
nandRecycling
Operations Phase
Technical Due Diligence
Planning Phase
Construction Supervision
Technical System Rating
Yield Reports & Consulting
Manufacturer Auditing
Forecasts
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AGENDA
SESSION I: Planning and Contracts
Lesson 1: Securing yield in planning phaseLesson 2: Verifying design and estimations
Lesson 3: Contracts
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Lesson 1: Securing yield in the planning phase
Yield is depending on the right components:
Modules
Substructure Cabling
Inverters
Grid connection
Monitoring
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Lesson 1: Securing yield in the planning phase
Is module output really securein the long term?
IEC is not enough!
J ust a sample test (6-8 modules)
To secure multi MWp projects, anevaluation of product AND process isrequired
On-site appointment, production site
Focus on quality assurance
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Lesson 1: Securing yield in the planning phase
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Lesson 2: Verifying design and estimations
High-quality yield reports minimizingfinancial risks:
Precise simulation
Evaluation of irradiation data
Validation of real operational data
Experience in comparable projects
Essential information for investors
Accepted by banks
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Lesson 2: Verifying design and estimations
Accuracy of +/- 2 % is achievable:
Correct information
Real installed power High quality measurements
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
crystalline CdTe a-Si CIS
Yield Report Real Operation
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Lesson 2: Verifying design and estimations
Solid technical foundation is indispensable:
Comprehensive Technical Due Diligence
Evaluating yield reports Project audit (location, components,
design, partners)
Technical terms of contracts
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Lesson 3: Contracts EPC and O&M
A defined framework for a successful partnership:
Clearly defined scope of work
Realistic time schedule Defined milestones and payments
Guarantees with conditions
Quality control chain defined
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Lesson 3: Contracts Example EPC
Module quality has to be verified:
Definition in contract
Datasheet or flash value? Number of microcracks?
Samples in laboratory/field
What happens if tolerances orspecifications are not met?
Sample 1
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Lesson 3: Contracts Example O&M
Availability level has to beguaranteed:
Definition in contract
Time based only or technicalavailability?
Backed up by manufacturer?
Penalties defined
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Lesson 3: Contracts
Technical rating of PV systems gives an overallrisk evaluation:
Condensed results
Accelerates the financing process
Certifies the PV systems quality andfailure risk of the plant
Rating of project planning,
EPC/O&M contracts, construction andoperational phase
Accredited by the German accreditation body
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ANY QUESTIONS ?
SESSION I: Planning and Contracts
Lesson 1: Securing yield in planning phaseLesson 2: Verifying design and estimations
Lesson 3: Contracts
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AGENDA
SESSION II: Construction and Operation
Lesson 4: Independent Construction SupervisionLesson 5: Technical Acceptance
Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements
Lesson 7: Professional Operation Management
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Lesson 4: Independent Construction Supervision
Taking the hassle out of the PV systeminstallation work:
Technical support/advice for the investor
On-site presence on behalf of the investor
Direct interface between investor and EPC
Quality control during construction
Identification and correction of defects
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Lesson 5: Technical Acceptance
Quality assurance from independent experts:
Verification of project specifications
Verification and evaluation ofvendor protocols
Visual check of all components
Detailed measurements on site
Evaluation of outage risk
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Lesson 5: Technical Acceptance Bad Jobs
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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements STC power
Quality assurance from independentexperts:
Small sample in a laboratory
Bigger sample in the field
Referencing on-site values tolaboratory measurements
Overview on the real installed power
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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements EL testing
Reduced performance might not bedetected immediately!
Electro-Luminescence uncovers
damages of the cells
Damages can break up in the wholechain:
module production
transportation assembly
after several years of operation
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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements EL testing
Reduced performance might not bedetected immediately!
1: inactive cell-areas
2: micro-cracks
3: gridfinger defects
Power reduction: -1.3%
1
23
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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements EL testing
Reduced performance might not bedetected immediately!
Severly damaged cells
Big parts inactive
Power reduction: -6.5%
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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements Thermography
Testing of systems in operation:
Examination of 100% of the modules
Indications for potential or existingdefects
Can be performed during operation
For big plants innovative solutions arerequired
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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements - Thermography
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Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements - Thermography
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Cell string defect Hotspot
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Lesson 7: Professional Operation Management
Shading Soiling
Hotspots Fire
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Lesson 7: Professional Operation Management
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
relatives
hare
Energy loss
Number of events
A PV plant has on average 5 to 10 events of incidents per year.
Source: meteocontrol, 2011
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Lesson 7: Professional Operation Management
Securing return on investment withyield-driven PV operations management:
Monthly investor reports
Rapid response in the event of an outage
Maintenance and repairs
Organization and documentationof maintenance and repairs
On-site visits (optional)
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Lesson 7: Professional Operation Management
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
mean PR: 76,9 %
PV-systems without professionalmonitoring
PV-systems with professional O&M
mean PR: 81,3 %
PV-systems in Europe, Year of operation 2011, commissioned 2005-2010
Yield loss without quality assurance -3,6 % (for comparison: Fraunhofer ISE,K. Kiefer, LBBW Konferenz Erneuerbare Energien, Leipzig 08)
PerformanceRatio
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Lesson 7: Professional Operation Management
1.3%
1.5%
1.3%
1.7%
1.1%
1.7%
0.9%
1.8%
0.9%
2.0%
0.8%
2.1%
+0.2%+0.4%
+0.6%
+0.9%
+1.1%+1.3%
10kWp
30kWp
100kWp
500kWp
1000kWp
5000kWp
Plantpower
increase offinancialyield
The yield calculation bases on a typical plant configuration and standardassumptions for financing and taxes.
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ANY QUESTIONS ?
SESSION II: Construction and Operation
Lesson 4: Independent Construction Supervision
Lesson 5: Technical Acceptance
Lesson 6: Detailed Measurements
Lesson 7: Professional Operation Management
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AGENDA
SESSION III: Grid Integration and Energy Trading
Lesson 8: Monitoring and Grid Connection
Lesson 9: Power Management
Lesson 10: Energy Trading
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Lesson 8: Monitoring and Grid Connection
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Lesson 8: Monitoring and Grid Connection
Intelligent solutions for optimum yield:
Internet based
Alarm management for earlydetection of faults
Detailed reports for transparentanalysis
Reporting features included
Virtual control for many PV plants
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Lesson 8: Monitoring and Grid Connection
Increasing requirements for grid connectionhave to be managed:
Active power control
Reactive power control
Ramp up/down limits
Forecasting energy generation
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Lesson 9: Power Management - Example Germany
=
~=
~
=
~
GatewayTrader
Datalogger formonitoring and
controlling
Telecontrolequipment
100%
60%
30%
0%
Gridoperators
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Lesson 9: Power Management Example EON
Power ControlUnit
EisManMaster
(EON)
EthernetSwitch
100%
60%
30%
0%
EON Bayern
SPS
cos Fibre Optics Network to Inverters
Power Control Station (mc)
EthernetSwitch
CommunicationUnit
FibreOptics
Converter
WEBlog ProEthernet(Master)
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Lesson 9: Power Management Example EON
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Lesson 10: Energy Trading Market Overview
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Energy generation
Transmission systemoperator (TSO)
Direct sales
Stockexchange
OTC
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Lesson 10: Energy Trading Connecting Systems
Virtual control room
Intelligent grid integration
Controllability of the PV-plant
Optimized Trading
Contribution to grid stability
Automated calculation of yield loss
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Lesson 10: Energy Trading
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Lesson 10: Energy Trading - Forecast
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Numerical weatherprediction (NWP)
Day-Ahead
- up to 96 h- updated 2 times aday
- 15 min resolution
Intraday
- up to 5 h- updated every hour- 15 min resolution
Solar energy is predictible on different time scales!
Satellite observationson cloud motion
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Lesson 10: Energy Trading - Forecast
MOTION VECTOR FIELDS (UNIVERSITY OLDENBURG)
Forecast horizon 5 hours
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meteocontrol GmbH
Spicherer Strasse 48 | 86157 Augsburg | Germany
Phone +49 (0)821 34666-0 | Fax +49 (0)821 34666-11
E-mail [email protected] | Web www.meteocontrol.com
Urheberrechte:
Copyright meteocontrol GmbH, Augsburg (Deutschland). Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Text, Bilder, Grafiken sowie deren Anordnung unterliegen demSchutz des Urheberrechts und anderer Schutzgesetze. Sie drfen nicht ohne die Zustimmung der meteocontrol GmbH zu kommerziellen Zweckenkopiert, verbreitet, verndert oder Dritten zugnglich gemacht werden. Wir weisen daraufhin, dass die Bilder teilweise dem Urheberrecht Dritterunterliegen.
Any Questions -> [email protected]
Thank you for your attention !