Solar for the home installation and maintenance-20161

E.N.G.I.N.E.E.R., Inc.

SOLAR for the HOME – Part 2Installation & Maintenance

Prepared/ Compiled by:Engineer William Jacinto Juan, pee/ rmp/ mepf/ ma/ broadcasterDep. GenSec, E.N.G.I.N.E.E.R., Inc.Co-Founder, MEPF Engineers Co.Nat’l President, PIPESFormer Committee Chair, IIEE Balik Liwanag & Electrical SafetyFormer NP, PSUMP/ NAMPAP Pro-Change/ Pugad Lawin Phils.Proprietor, FEMP Safety Engineering Construction, 2013-present CEO/Founder, Versatech Consultants & Mgmt.Corp., 1985-2015

June 2016

Short Resume of Resource Speaker/ Lecturer: Engr. William Jacinto Juan,

pee,rmp,mepf,ma 0943 0616 215 / 0915 292 8668 / 0929 555 2508 / pldt mobile 73 69 159

Admin/Founder – SOLARSAFE PHILIPPINES, a FB Group Dep.Gen.Sec/Co-Founder – E.N.G.I.N.E.E.R., Inc.

Training Director/Co-Founder – MEPF Engineers Co. Gen.Manager/Proprietor of FEMP Safety Engineering Construction, 2013-present

President/CEO/Founder of Versatech Consultants & Mngt.Corp., 1985-2015 President, Phil.Integrated Plumbing Engineers Society (PIPES), 2014-present Founding President, Phil. Society of United Master Plumbers (PSUMP), 2013

National President, Pro-Change NAMPAP, 2012-2013 Former IIEE Nat’l Treasurer/ Nat’l Auditor/ Governor-at-Large

Former Chairman, IIEE Balik Liwanag Committee & Electrical Safety Committee Was Electrical Consultant/ Designer for PICOP/ SMC/ Parsons Int’l/ AEP Int’l/

Caltex/ Petron/ Coca Cola/ Selecta/ Avida / DMCI-UPDI/ Motolite Projects Former EE Professor @ National U, 1979-1991

PEE-Top 1 (Oct.1980)/ Asso.EE-Top 3 (Sept.1979) / Asst.EE-Top 8 (Aug.1976) / RMP-Top 5 (Sept.1989) / Amateur Radio License DU1-ICH (94.5% rating)

BSEE 1976 – NU / BSME 1987 – NU National President - Pugad Lawin Philippines, Inc., 2009,2010,2011

President – Rotary Club of Pasig North, RID3800, 2005-2006 Broadcaster/ Co-Anchor – Talakayang Pinoy, DWAD 1098Khz

* Introduction/ Background* Why We Need to Adopt Rooftop Solar ASAP* Latest Estimated Costs for Rooftop Solar/Payback* Advantages/ Disadvantages of Solar System* On Grid/ Off Grid Systems/ Hybrid Systems* Schematic/ Connection Diagrams* Power & Energy Calculations* Installation* Maintenance

Table of Contents

Back of a Solar Panel

INSTALLED SOLAR PANELS

Earth Rotation Around the Sun

Philippines viz-a-viz the Sun Rays, viz-a-viz the Equator..

Earth viz-a-viz the Sun Rays

Philippines viz-a-viz the World

Optimum Orientation of PV

Panels In the Philippines, the

optimum tilt of the panels should be approximately equal to the latitude x 0.87.

The Philippines is located between the latitude 4deg.N (Tawi-tawi) to 21deg.N (Batanes) North of the Equator.

The NCR is approximately at 14 deg.N, so for Metro Manila, the optimum tilt of panels is 12 deg., facing South.

GENERAL ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWER

1. It Saves Money Spent on Electricity 2. It can Earn Additional Revenue or Income.. 3. It’s an Efficient System (from roof to inside house, no need for

the electricity produced to flow through the HV transmission lines) 4. It’s Non-Polluting (no exhaust smoke, zero carbon foot print) 5. It Can Power Remote Locations (like remote islands, far flung

barrios, mountain side cell sites or relay stations) 6. It’s Renewable or Limitless (the sun is believed to be the

infinite source of all energy in the universe) 7. It’s Noiseless (no combustion, no rotating parts, etc.) 8. There’s Almost No Maintenance Cost (no ball bearings or

bushings to wear or oil or filter to change) 9. It Reduces Dependence on Fossil Fuels

RA 9513 Offers Fiscal & Non-Fiscal Incentives

(1) Income tax holiday; (2) Duty-free importation of renewable machinery,

equipment, and materials; (3) Special realty tax rates; (4) Net operating loss carry-over; (5) Corporate tax rate of 10%; (6) Accelerated depreciation of plant, machinery, and

equipment; (7) 0% value-added tax rate; (8) Tax exemption on carbon credits; and (9) Cash incentive for missionary electrification.

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

APPARENT DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR ENERGY

1. High Initial Cost? – although the trend is the cost is rapidly going down

2. Reduced Reliability? – it is useless during night time and reduced output when cloudy

3. Large Area Needed? – Large area needed for big energy users such as manufacturing plants

1. PRICE? BUT WHAT’S THE PRICE TREND?

We bought a 75-watt solar panel made by BP or British Petroleum in 2009, a surplus from previous cellsite installations by a contractor, the cost was PhP19,000.00 per the 75-watt panel (PhP76,000 for a 300watts equivalent).

In 2015, we purchased a 300-watt panel made by SKF of Germany with a cost of PhP11,000 (Feb 2015) to PhP10,500 (Nov 2015) per the 300-watt panel.

Recently, this May 2016, we again purchased 300-watt panels made in Germany with a price of PhP9,900 per the 300-watt panel.

The reduction in cost of PV panels within the 6-year period from 2009 to 2015 is over seven-fold!

Year 2009 2011 2013 2014 Feb 2015 Nov 2015 May 2016Price P76,000/ - - P14,000/ P11,000/ P10,500/ P9,900/

The increasing demand for PV panels will bring down the cost lower and lower until each home has its own.

2. REDUCED RELIABILITY? HERE ARE SOME WAYS TO INCREASE IT

1. On-Grid Use – surplus energy from solar roof tops can be used by others in the grid.

2. Use of Storage Batteries – adequate storage capacity ensures 24/7 supply.

3. Combination Use w/ Other RE Sources, i.e. Wind Mills in windy farms and in tall buildings.

4. Combination Use of Pump-Storage Hydro System, i.e. Kalayaan Pump Storage Hydro Power Plant

5. Encourage SMEs Powered by Solar- some samples home based enterprises that can be run from solar rooftops: ice making, ice-cream making, meat food processing (w/ freezer), electric trike transport service, etc.

Build Storage Battery Plants

Build More Pump-Storage Hydro Power Plants

Excess solar energy in the grid during daytime from rooftops can be used to pump water to the upper basin; Reverse process is done at

night time to supply energy to the grid. This facility can double up as a flood control infrastructure and supports irrigation systems.

Top 16 Philippine Rivers Where to Build Pump-Storage Hydro P/Ps...

1. Cagayan River, 505km, 2. Rio Grande River (Cotabato), 373km, 3. Agusan River, 350km, 4. Pulangi River (Bukidnon), 320km, 5. Pampanga River, 260km, 6. Agno River (Pangasinan), 206km, 7. Laoag River, 188km 8. Abra River, 178km 9. Abulog River(Kalinga),175km 10. Chico River(Kalinga),174km 11. Davao River, 160km 12. Magat River(Isabela),149km 13. Jalaur River (Panay), 122km 14. Matalag River (CAR), 114km 15. Tagoloan (Mis.Or.),105km 16. Bicol River (Camsur), 93km

Encourage Small/Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Powered by Solar Energy

SOME SAMPLES HOME BASED OR BACKYARD ENTERPRISES THAT CAN BE RUN FROM SOLAR ROOFTOPS:1) ICE MAKING2) ICE-CREAM MAKING 3) MEAT FOOD PROCESSING (W/ FREEZER)4) LAUNDRY SERVICES5) DC WELDING SHOP6) ELECTRIC TRIKE TRANSPORT SERVICE7) OTHERS


3. ON THE LARGE AREA REQUIRED Every home roof is a large potential collective area to install

solar panels. If the 100 million population have 21 million homes in year 2015 (Source: National Statistics Office) and say 10 million homes have at least 1KW solar capacity, this would be equivalent to 10,000MW capacity. Or if each roof has 2KW solar capacity, this would be 20,000MW capacity, if each roof has 3KW, this would be 30,000MW capacity, and so on, at least during day time.

Also, every warehouse roof, every public market roof, every parking area roof, every school roof, every church roof, every covered sports or public assembly building is a large potential area to expand this system.


EVENTUAL EFFECT OF HOME ROOF SOLAR ENERGY TO THE ECONOMY

1. FREE SUN ENERGYTO EVERY HOME/ROOF.

2. ANY EXCESS ENERGY FROM SOLAR EXPORTED TO THE GRID.

4. DISTRIBUTION UTILITIES/ TOLLWAYS TO LOWER THEIR CHARGES, TOO.

5. THE COST PER KWHR OF ELECTRICITY WILL GO DOWN GRADUALLY.

3. DUE TO THE FREE ENERGY TO THE GRID, POWER PLANTS (IPPs) WILL BE FORCED TO LOWER THEIR PRICES.

6. MORE INVESTORS WILL COME TO PUT UP FACTORIES IN OUR COUNTRY!

ESTIMATED COSTS OF HOME ROOFTOP SOLAR (Off Grid)

SOLAR POWER GENERATOR PRICE MATRIX - Jan 2016

Mo.Billing Min.Kw Qtty of Panel Total PV Cost of PV Inv. Cost of Inv No.of Cost of Batt No.of Cost of Direct Cost Install'n TotalAve,PhP Capacity Panels KW Watts Panels KW Cost of Inv SCC SCCs AH Batt Batt Eqpt Cost Cost

1 1,000.00 0.331 2 250 500 18,000.00 1 3,000.00 2 2,400.00 200 1 8,000.00 31,400.00 10,990.00 42,390.00 2 1,500.00 0.496 2 250 500 18,000.00 1 3,000.00 2 2,400.00 200 1 8,000.00 31,400.00 10,990.00 42,390.00 3 2,000.00 0.661 3 250 750 27,000.00 1 3,000.00 3 3,600.00 200 1 8,000.00 41,600.00 14,560.00 56,160.00 4 2,500.00 0.827 4 250 1000 36,000.00 1 3,000.00 4 4,800.00 200 1 8,000.00 51,800.00 15,540.00 67,340.00 5 3,000.00 0.992 4 250 1000 36,000.00 1 3,000.00 4 4,800.00 200 1 8,000.00 51,800.00 15,540.00 67,340.00 6 3,500.00 1.157 5 250 1250 45,000.00 1.5 3,800.00 5 6,000.00 200 1 8,000.00 62,800.00 18,840.00 81,640.00 7 4,000.00 1.323 6 250 1500 54,000.00 1.5 3,800.00 6 7,200.00 200 1 8,000.00 73,000.00 21,900.00 94,900.00

8 4,500.00 1.488 6 250 1500 54,000.00 1.5 3,800.00 6 7,200.00 200 1 8,000.00 73,000.00 21,900.00 94,900.00 9 5,000.00 1.653 7 250 1750 63,000.00 2 4,500.00 7 8,400.00 400 2 16,000.00 91,900.00 27,570.00 119,470.00

10 5,500.00 1.819 8 250 2000 72,000.00 2 4,500.00 8 9,600.00 400 2 16,000.00 102,100.00 30,630.00 132,730.00 11 6,000.00 1.984 8 250 2000 72,000.00 2 4,500.00 8 9,600.00 400 2 16,000.00 102,100.00 30,630.00 132,730.00

12 6,500.00 2.149 9 250 2250 81,000.00 3 7,000.00 9 10,800.00 600 3 24,000.00 122,800.00 36,840.00 159,640.00 13 7,000.00 2.315 10 250 2500 90,000.00 3 7,000.00 10 12,000.00 600 3 24,000.00 133,000.00 39,900.00 172,900.00 14 7,500.00 2.480 10 250 2500 90,000.00 3 7,000.00 10 12,000.00 600 3 24,000.00 133,000.00 39,900.00 172,900.00

15 8,000.00 2.646 11 250 2750 99,000.00 3 7,000.00 11 13,200.00 600 3 24,000.00 143,200.00 42,960.00 186,160.00 16 8,500.00 2.811 12 250 3000 108,000.00 3 7,000.00 12 14,400.00 600 3 24,000.00 153,400.00 46,020.00 199,420.00 17 9,000.00 2.976 12 250 3000 108,000.00 3 7,000.00 12 14,400.00 600 3 24,000.00 153,400.00 46,020.00 199,420.00 18 9,500.00 3.142 13 250 3250 117,000.00 4 9,000.00 13 15,600.00 800 4 32,000.00 173,600.00 52,080.00 225,680.00 19 10,000.00 3.307 14 250 3500 126,000.00 4 9,000.00 14 16,800.00 800 4 32,000.00 183,800.00 55,140.00 238,940.00

20 11,000.00 3.638 15 250 3750 135,000.00 4 9,000.00 15 18,000.00 800 4 32,000.00 194,000.00 58,200.00 252,200.00 21 12,000.00 3.968 16 250 4000 144,000.00 4 9,000.00 16 19,200.00 800 4 32,000.00 204,200.00 61,260.00 265,460.00 22 13,000.00 4.299 17 250 4250 153,000.00 5 15,500.00 17 20,400.00 ### 5 40,000.00 228,900.00 68,670.00 297,570.00

23 14,000.00 4.630 19 250 4750 171,000.00 5 15,500.00 19 22,800.00 ### 5 40,000.00 249,300.00 74,790.00 324,090.00

24 15,000.00 4.960 20 250 5000 180,000.00 5 15,500.00 20 24,000.00 ### 5 40,000.00 259,500.00 77,850.00 337,350.00 25 16,000.00 5.291 21 250 5250 189,000.00 6 21,500.00 21 25,200.00 ### 6 48,000.00 283,700.00 85,110.00 368,810.00 26 18,000.00 5.952 24 250 6000 216,000.00 6 21,500.00 24 28,800.00 ### 6 48,000.00 314,300.00 94,290.00 408,590.00

27 19,000.00 6.283 25 250 6250 225,000.00 7.5 28,000.00 25 30,000.00 ### 7 56,000.00 339,000.00 101,700.00 440,700.00 28 20,000.00 6.614 27 250 6750 243,000.00 7.5 28,000.00 27 32,400.00 ### 7 56,000.00 359,400.00 107,820.00 467,220.00 29 21,000.00 6.944 28 250 7000 252,000.00 7.5 28,000.00 28 33,600.00 ### 7 56,000.00 369,600.00 110,880.00 480,480.00 30 22,000.00 7.275 29 250 7250 261,000.00 7.5 28,000.00 29 34,800.00 ### 7 56,000.00 379,800.00 113,940.00 493,740.00

ESTIMATED PAYBACK OF ROOFTOP SOLAR

Example: 6 x 250wp, 1.5kw Inverter, SCCs, 200AH battery (Item 8) Estimated Total Cost: PhP 94,900.00 Ave.Monthly Billing = PhP 4,500.00

Payback Period = _PhP 94,900.00___________ PhP4,500.00 per month x 60% = 35 months, or = 2 years & 11 months


ON GRID & OFF GRID

SOLAR SYSTEMS


Paralleling of Power Systems The requirements of paralleling or synchronizing power supply sources are: 1. The incoming line must have SIMILAR VOLTAGE, i.e. 220 volts, as the

normal power supply. 2. The incoming line must have SIMILAR FREQUENCY, i.e. 60 Hertz, as the

normal power supply. 3. The incoming line must have the SIMILAR PHASE SEQUENCE (or rotation)

i.e, (Phase A-B-C or C-B-A), as the normal power supply. 4. The incoming line must have SIMILAR PHASE ANGLE, i.e. zero phase, as the

normal power supply. Note that requirement No.3 is only required for 3 phase power systems and not

applicable to single phase systems. For single phase Grid-Tie inverters, they have a built in intelligence to parallel itself to the grid. Off Grid inverters have no capability of automatic paralleling.

When 2 sources are in parallel, the source that has a slightly higher frequency setting will deliver its power to the grid. Therefore, Grid Tie inverters are designed as priority power sources. They have slightly higher frequency settings, i.e. 60.05 to 60.1Hertz or slightly higher.

Paralleling of Off Grid Solar Inverters -2

This sketch shows a full line diagram of a possible way

to parallel two single phase pure

sine wave off-grid micro inverters of the same ratings:

same voltage, same frequency, same KW, same brand or make.


On Grid or Grid Tied

Solar System

Any extra energy produced by this

solar system may be exported to the

grid or to the distribution

utility (DU).www.cabrelli-electrical.co.uk


Grid Tied Solar System w/ Back-up.

The system has 2 inverters, one is Grid Inverter (2) which can export to the grid. The 2nd Inverter (6) regularly supplies

the Secured or Essential Loads (4) from the Batteries (5). The Transfer Switch (3)

automatically feeds the Essential Loads to

complement the power from the battery in case of a

brown-out during sunny days.www.mysolarshop.co.uk


OFF GRID SOLAR SYSTEMS


From www.alibaba.com


HYBRID SYSTEM W/ GENERATOR SET

From www.peakprosperity.com

UTILITY


COMPONENTS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM:

1. SOLAR PV PANELS 2. SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER (90VR) 3. INVERTER 4. BATTERIES 5. BATTERY CHARGER 6. GENERATOR SET (OPTIONAL) 7. WIRINGS & CIRCUIT PROTECTIONS 8. TRANSFER SWITCH FOR OFF GRID TYPE/ 9. TIE-IN BREAKER FOR ON GRID TYPE


SOLAR POWER MEASUREMENTS


SOLAR POWER MEASUREMENTS Ampere is a measure of current flow Volt is a measure of the potential difference between 2 lines or

points Watt (W) is a measure of Power

– Unit rate of electrical energy Ampere x Volt = Watt 1 Kilowatt (kW) = 1000 watts Watt-hour (Wh) is a measure of electric energy or consumption

and production– Watts x hours = Watt-hours

1 Kilowatt-hour (kWh) = 1000 Wh


DC = Direct Current PV panels produce DC voltage,Batteries store DC

power

AC = Alternating Current

Utility power, Most consumer appliances use AC


MEASURING INSTRUMENTS..

Clamp-on meter Digital multi-meter

Never test battery current using a multi-meter!


SOLAR ENERGY CALCULATIONS

& DESIGN


BASIC FORMULAS/ DESIGN GUIDE I = V / R or Amperes = Volts / Ohms I = P / V or Amperes = Watts / Volts I = KVA * 1000 / V I = KW * 1000 / V / PF I = HP * 746 / V / PF / Eff’y Where: PF, power factor = 0.80 for motors; = 1.0 for heater and resistive loads Eff’y, efficiency of motors = 0.90 Max.Loading per Circuit Wire: 80% of Ampacity


PEC-1 ALLOWABLE AMPACITIES

OF 600 VOLTS INSULATED

WIRES,60º C TO 90ºC,

NOT MORE THAN 3

WIRES IN CONDUIT, AMBIENT

TEMP. OF 30ºC

VOLTAGE DROP CALCS

SHORT CUT FORMULA: VD = 2 * K * L * I / Sq.Circular Mils Note: This is only for a 2 wire circuit. K = a constant, 12 for copper, 18 for Aluminum L = Length of circuit in feet I = Load in amperes Cir.Mils = square of the dia. of wire in mils (1000mils

per inch or 40mils per mm.)

Sample Voltage Drop Calcs.. Example: The distance of a 300 watts 24 volts PV panel to the

SCC/ Battery/ Inverter is 8 meters. Using 5.5mm2 wires (Ampacity = 40 amperes), what is the voltage drop? I = 300 watts/ 24 volts = 12.5 amps Cross-sectional area of wire: 3.5sq.mm D * D = 5.5 * 4 / 3.1416 = 7.0mm D = 2.6mm = 2.6 * 40mils / mm = 104mils CM = 104 * 104 = 10,854 circular mils VD = 2K*L*I / CM VD = 2 * 12 * 8 * 3.28 * 12.5 / 10,854 = 0.725 volts % VD = 1.81 * 100 / 24 = 3.02 It barely exceeds the allowable which is 3 percent!


SOLAR PANEL SPECIFICATIONS

Module Type: BP 275 UL GY 250 M-60 300-180-MMade: BP SOLAR JIANGYIN GUANGYE SKP GERMANYMade: PV-Tech Co.,Ltd.

Specifications: Rating: Rating: Rating:

Maximum Power: 75W 250W 300WTolerance: 17.0V ± 3%Open Circuit Voltage: 21.4V 37.4V 21.8VShort Circuit Current: 4.75A 8.76A 18.33AMaximum Power Voltage: 30.7V 18.0VMaximum Power Current: 8.15A 16.6A

Maximum System Voltage: 600V 1,000VDC 1,000VNominal Operating Cell Temperature: -47 ± 2˚C 45 ± 3˚CTemperature Cycling Range: -40˚C to 85˚CDimensions: 1,950 X 990 X 45mmApplication Class: CLASS A CLASS A - MONO- SIFire Rating: CLASS C CLASS CTotal Dimensions: a.Lenght: 1,190mm 1,640mm 1,960mmb.Width: 530mm 1,000mm 1,000mmc.Thick: 43mm 35mm 45mm


Calculating the Max.Capacity That Can Be Installed in a Given Roof…

… using 250watts PV panels & providing for enough space for maintenance access (Size: 1640mm long x 1000mm wide):

Given: 8 meters wide x 15 meters long roofing 2 slopes, ridge along length Maximum solar capacity:

Width: 8 – (2 x .9) / 1M = 6.2, say 6 panelsLength: 15 - (2 x .9) – (5 x .6) / 1.640 = 6.2, say 6 panelsTotal no. of panels = 6 x 6 = 36Capacity : 36 x 250w = 9,000watts or 9KW

Layout of a 36-250 Watts Panel 9KW Solar Rooftop

Layout Plan of a 99 - 250 Watts Panel 24.75KW Solar Rooftop

NORTH

Elevation Plan of a 99 - 250 Watts Panel 24.75KW Solar Rooftop

NORTH

SOLAR PV PANEL CONNECTIONS

– DIRECT CURRENT SIDE

The PEC Allows Up to 50 Volts Only on Roof Tops!

PV Panel Series Connections PV panel sources wired in

series – VOLTAGES ARE ADDITIVE – CURRENT IS EQUAL – One interconnection wire is used

between two components (negative connects with positive)

– Combined modules make series string

– Leave the series string from a terminal not used in the series connection

Three – 200Watt 12-Volts Panels in Series…

Another Three – 200Watt but 32-Volt Panels in Series…

Three Panels in Series, Different Voltage Ratings…

PV Panel Parallel Connection PV panel sources wired in parallel:

– VOLTAGE REMAINS CONSTANT– CURRENTS ARE ADDITIVE – Two interconnection wires are used between two

components (positive to positive and negative to negative)– Leave off of either terminal – Modules exiting to next component can happen at any parallel terminal

Three Panels in Parallel…

Two Panels in Parallel…actual connection

Four Panels, Series-Parallel Connection…

Six Panels, Series-Parallel Connection…

12Volts DC Panel Connection – Supply 220V AC Lighting, etc.

12Volts DC Panel Connection – Supply 220V AC Computer

24Volts DC Panel Connection

SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLERS…

12/24 VOLTS DC CONTROLLER

48 VOLTS DC CONTROLLER

INVERTERS & CONNECTIONS

– ALTERNATING CURRENT

SIDE

On-Grid or Grid Tie Inverters

A 500-Watt 220V 60Hz Grid Tie Inverter

Connecting an On-Grid or Grid Tie Inverter…

TIE IN POINT

Grid Tie Inverters Automatically Synchronize Itself to the Utility Power

A 4KW 12VDC - 220V 1-Phase 60Hz Pure Sine Wave Off-Grid Inverter

A 4KW 24VDC - 220V 1-Phase 60Hz Pure Sine Wave Off-Grid Inverter

Two x 4KW 24VDC - 220V 1-Ph 60Hz Pure Sine Wave Off-Grid Inverters

A 3KW 220V 1-Ph 60Hz Pure Sine Wave Transformer Type Off-Grid Inverter

Connecting an Off-Grid Inverter with a Relay Switch…

BATTERY CHARGER & CONNECTION

Connecting an AC Battery Charger to an Off-Grid System

Small DC Loads

Off GridInverter220V AC60Hz

220VAC Loads

Power From Utility

POWER & ENERGY

CALCULATIONS

POWER & ENERGY CALCULATIONS-1

Ex.1. Provide small solar capacity for a home with the following loads: One (1) Small Ref, 226 watts; One (1) Elec. Fan, 50watts; One (1) LED TV,

36watts; One (1) celfone charging outlet, 2 x 10 watts, Six (6) LED lamps, 5watts each. What min.size of ON GRID solar system in watts is needed? Design the wiring system.

1.1 Pref = 226/ 0.80pf = 282.5 watts 1.2 Pfan = 50 / 0.80pf = 62.5 watts 1.3 PTV = 36 watts 1.4 Pcc = 2 x 10 = 20 watts 1.5 PLED = 6 x 5 = 30 watts 1.6 Ptotal=282.5(1.25)+62.5+36+20+30= 501.625watts 1.7 Pdemand = 501.625 x 80% = 401.3 watts 1.8 Use: 2 x 250watts panels, or a total of 500 watts 1.9 Use: 1000watts inverter with 220volts, 1-ph, 60 Hz

output, 12vDC input


Ex.1. A home has the following loads: One (1) Ref, 1/2HP; Two (2) Elec. Fan, 50watts each; One (1) TV, 80watts;

Ten (10) LED lamps, 5watts each What min.size of ON GRID solar system in watts is needed? Design the wiring

system.


1.1 Pref = 746 (0.5) / 0.80pf / 0.9 eff’y = 518 watts 1.2 Pfan = 2 x 50 / 0.80pf = 125 watts 1.3 PTV = 80 watts 1.4 PLED = 10 x 5 = 50 watts 1.5 Ptotal = 518(1.25) +125 + 80 + 50 = 902.5 watts 1.6 Pdemand = 902.5 x 80% = 722 watts 1.7 Use: 3 x 250watts panels, or a total of 750 watts 1.8 Use: 1000watts inverter with 220volts, 1-ph, 60

Hz output, 12vDC input


Cont’n.. 1.7 For the Solar Controller: I = 250watts /12voltsDC = 20.83 amps Use: One 60Amps Controller for the 2 panels & One 40Amps Controller

for the 3rd panel 1.8 Wiring Connections: From PV panels to Solar Controllers, I = 20.83Amps Use: Two – 3.5sq.mm THWN (30A) Red-Black, each PV panel From Solar Controllers to Inverter, Use: 3 sets of 2-3.5sq.mm THWN (90A) From Inverter to Tie-breaker: I = 1000watts / 220 volts = 4.54 amps Use: 2-2.0sq.mm THWN + 2.0 Ground Wire; Ckt. Prot’n: 15AT/2P CB

POWER & ENERGY CALCULATIONS-2a



Ex.2. A PV array is composed of eight 250-watt 31.6VDC solar modules with a 3KW inverter with 220volts, 1-phase, 60Hz output and 48VDC input.

What size is the solar system in watts? Capacity in Amps? Design the wiring system.

2.1 P = 8 x 250 = 2000watts 2.2 I = 2000watts /220volts = = 9.09 amps capacity



2.3 Size of wires from the PV panels to the Solar Controllers: Since the input voltage of the inverter is 48VDC, then the number of

panels in group is: 2 x 31.6V per panel = 63.2VDC Ic = 2 x 250W / 48V = 10.41amps Use: Two – 3.5sq.mm THWN (30A) Red-Black, for every 2 PV panels 2.4 Size of wires from the Solar Controllers to Inverter: The total charging current is = 4 x 10.41 = 41.67amps Ic = 41.67 x 125% = 52.08 amps; Use: 60amps Solar Controller Use: Two sets of 2 – 3.5sq.mm THWN (2 x 30A = 60A) 2.5 Size of wires from Inverter to Tie-breaker; Ic = 9.09 amps; Use: 2 – 2.0sq.mm THWN + 2.0 Ground Wire Ckt. Prot’n: 15AT/ 2P CB



Ex.3. Install a PV array for a 4000-watt inverter with 220-volt 1-ph 60Hz output. Input rating is 48 volts DC.

3.1 Calculate the number of panels, say assuming 300w SKF panels w/ 20.8VDC voltage rating,

# of panels = 4000w / 300w per panel = 13.33 say use 15panels (divisible by 3s) 3.2 Since the rating of the inverter is 48VDC, we need at least 3 panels

in series to produce over 48VDC. Max.voltage of 3 panels in series is = 2 x 20.8 = 62.4VDC Charge controller: to be set at 55.2VDC floating



3.3 For the size of wires from 3 panels in series to charge controller = = 3 x 300W /48VDC = 18.75amps Iw = 18.75 x 1.25 = 23.43amps Use : 2 – 3.5 sq.mm THHN (Red – Black); Circuit Protection:

30AT/2P CB 3.4 Number and Capacity of Charge Controller: 3 x 18.75amps =

56.25amps Icc = 56.25 x 1.25 = 70.31amps Use: 2 each 40amps controllers each for 3panels, for a total of 10

40amps controllers



3.5 For the size of wires from controllers to batteries, and from batteries to inverter:

Use: 5 sets 2 – 3.5 sq.mm THHN; Over-all protection: 100AT/2P CB 3.6 For the size of wires to tie inverter to house main panel: Iinv = 4000w / 220v = 18.18amps; Iw = 18.18 x 1.25 = 22.72amps Use: 2 – 3.5sq.mm THHN Protection: 30AT/2P CB

POWER & ENERGY CALCULATIONS-4b


TYP.RISER DIAGRAM-OFF GRID

STORAGE BATTERIESSTORAGE BATTERY CAPACITYAmpere-hour (Ah) – the stored energy capacity of a battery indicated by the amount of combined load in amperes and the length of time until it is fully discharged.

Quantity of electron flow Used for battery sizing Amps x hours = Amp-hours (Ah)Amp-hours x Volts = Watt-hours (Wh)

A 200 Ah Battery delivering 1A will last 200 hours 200 Ah Battery delivering 10A will last 20 hours200 Ah Battery delivering 100A will last 2 hours100 Ah Battery x 12 V = 1200 Wh

USE OF BATTERIES Storage for the

night Storage during

cloudy weather Portable power

supply Surge Power for

starting motors

BATTERY BASICS State of Charge (SOC)

Available battery capacity

Depth of Discharge (DOD) Energy taken out of

the battery Efficiency

Energy out/ Energy in (typically 80-85%)


Calculating the Required Battery AH.. 1. Solar operation: 8AM to 5PM – for 9 hours 2. Battery operation: 5PM to 8AM – for 15 hours 3. For a 900 watts load, the load in amperes is I = 900watts/ 12volts = 75amps 4. AH = 75amps x 15hours = 1125AH 5. No. of 200AH batteries = 1125AH / 200AH = 5.625 Provide allowance for cloudy periods, add 30% capacity = 5.625 x 130% = 7.31 units Use: Eight (8) units of 200AH batteries


Calculating the Required No. of Panels.. 1. Charging amps = 1125AH/ 9hours charging = 125amps 2. Total watts, 9-hour charging = 125amps x 12volts = 1500watts 3. No. of 250watts solar panels for day charging = 1500 / 250watts = 6 panels required for charging 4. No. of 250watts panel for 9-hour day operation = 900watts / 250watts = 3.6, say 4 panels 5. Overall total number of 250watts panels required = 6 + 4 = 10 panels minimum


WHAT TYPE OF BATTERIES IS THE BEST?

At present, the deep-cycle type, lead-acid batteries are the most widely used as storage in solar or renewable energy systems. They are ideally suited for the applications due to their long, reliable life and low cost. There are many suppliers/ manufacturers of deep-cycle lead-acid batteries, it is therefore important to know the technologies, the performance factors that affect its operation and the life of the battery.


Types of Deep-Cycle Batteries: Deep-Cycle Valve-Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) Batteries

(Maintenance-Free)Deep-cycle VRLA batteries, which include AGM and gel technologies, are designed to eliminate the need for water addition and can be used and installed in any position. They are engineered so that oxygen created by the positive plates during charging can migrate to the negatives plate where it is reduced to water, significantly reducing water loss.


Factors Affecting Cost of Batteries:• Price: A cheap battery is always attractive, but if this is obtained at the expense of quality and battery life, the cost over time will be high• Capacity: This is important since its AH is the amount of energy that can be stored.• Voltage: The voltage rating should match the input rating of the inverter to be used in an AC system or the voltage of the loads in a DC system.• Brand: Choosing a company that focuses on deep-cycle technology with a proven track record of manufacturing deep-cycle batteries is always a good option.


Cycle Life - The Most Important ConsiderationThe earlier factors are important but the most important consideration is the cycle life of the battery. It is the number of times of discharge/charge cycles the battery can provide before its capacity drops to a specified percentage of its rated capacity. Various makers may make batteries with the same capacity, energy content and maybe similar in weight, but the design, the materials, the process, and quality influence how long the battery will cycle.


Battery Ratings – Longer Warm UpsThe battery nameplate rating in AMPERE-HOURS is the fully developed battery capacity. It may take up to 100+ cycles of charging-supplying-charging for a battery to reach its full capacity. Measuring or testing the battery capacity at the start after purchase could be misleading. A battery that is touted to have full capacity at the time of purchase or one that has reached full capacity after only a few cycles should not be believed. Batteries with a 100+ cycle or longer warm-up would last longer.

Expected Life of Solar Batteries…

• Starting: 3-12 months• Marine: 1-6 years• Golf cart: 2-7 years• AGM (absorbent glass mat) deep cycle: 4-8 years• Gelled deep cycle: 2-5 years• Deep cycle (L-16 type): 4-8 years• Rolls-Surrette premium deep cycle: 7-15 years• Industrial deep cycle (Crown & Rolls 4KS): 10-20+ years• Telephone (float): 2-20 years• NiFe (alkaline): 5-35 years• NiCad: 1-20 years• http://www.solar-electric.com/deep-cycle-battery-faq.html


SOLAR BATTERY BANKS


SOLAR INSTALLATIONS


INSTALLING THE SOLAR POWER SYSTEM It's best to have a solar contractor which employs a licensed electrical engineer or a licensed master electrician to install the solar system. When choosing a contractor, ask yourself the following questions:

•Has the company installed grid-connected PV systems? If not, has it installed off-grid (or stand-alone) PV systems?• Experience in installing grid-connected systems is valuable because some elements of the installation -- particularly interconnection with the local utility—are unique to these systems. However, a competent company with off-grid PV experience should not be eliminated just because it has not yet installed grid-connected PV systems. Experience with off-grid systems is valuable too, because grid-independent systems are more technically complex than grid-tied systems. (http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/)


• INSTALLING THE SOLAR…• How many years of experience does the company have

installing PV systems? • A contractor who has been in business a long time probably

understands how to work with customers and to compete effectively with other firms. Additionally, this contractor/ installer will probably be aware of the latest provision of the Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) and the permitting requirements of the National Building Code (NBC) regarding the installation of electrical systems including that for a solar or other renewable energy supply system. All electrical works including electrical additions, modifications or renovations require the filing of Electrical Permit with the Office of the Building Official.

• (http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/)


• INSTALLING THE SOLAR…• Is the company properly licensed or certified?• PV systems should be installed by an appropriately licensed

contractor. This usually means that either the installer or a subcontractor has a PRC electrical professional license or a PCAB license. You can check with the website of the PRC if whether a person has a valid electrical engineer’s or master electrician's license, or check with PCAB if a contractor is licensed or not. In addition to being properly licensed, installers must demonstrate that they have special knowledge about installing PV systems. (http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/)

• Special knowledge can be demonstrated through certification by the solar industry and/or trade associations, eg. SOLARSAFE PHILIPPINES, MEPF ENGINEERS, etc.


• INSTALLING THE SOLAR… It is always a good idea to get more than one bid for the

installation of your PV system. Make sure that all bids are made on the same basis. For example, a bid for a system mounted on the ground is usually very different from another bid for a rooftop system.

Similarly, some PV modules generate more electricity per square meter than others. Bids should clearly state the maximum generating capacity of the system -- measured in Watts (W) or kilowatts (kW). If possible, have the bids specify the system capacity in "AC Watts" (alternating current) under a standard set of test conditions, or specify the output of the system at the inverter. Also request an estimate of the amount of energy that the system will produce on an annual basis (measured in kilowatt-hours).


• INSTALLING THE SOLAR… Because the amount of energy depends on the amount

of sunlight -- which varies by location, season, and year to year – it is unlikely that the contractor will quote a specific figure, but a range of within plus or minus 20% is realistic. Bids also should include the total cost of getting the PV system up and running, including hardware, installation, connection to the grid, permitting, taxes, and warranty.

(http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/)


• INSTALLING THE SOLAR… The warranty is also a very important factor for

evaluating bids. You may require that system be covered by a one-year or two-year or three-year parts-and-labor written installation warranty, for example, in addition to any manufacturers' warranties on specific components (including inverter and module warranties). The installer may offer longer warranties. Also ask yourself, "Will this company stand behind the full-system warranty for the next two or three years?"


TYPICAL MOUNTING …


ADEQUATELY SECURE MOUNTING … It should be emphasized here that when solar systems are to be installed in areas where the typhoon is usually within the initial path of super typhoons, eg. along the eastern seaboard of the country, including the provinces of Samar, Leyte, Biliran, Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Quirino, Aurora, Quezon, Catanduanes, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Albay, Sorsogon, Surigao Del Sur, Surigao Del Norte, Davao Oriental, among others, structural support and mountings must be certified to be adequate for 350 KPH winds (as in Super Typhoon Yolanda in November 2013). Wind load calculations must be made to determine the size of concrete foundations for PV arrays, as well as the minimum size of mounting bolts/nuts. A certification of civil/structural engineer maybe required here.

Optimum Orientation of PV

Panels In the Philippines, the

optimum tilt of the panels should be approximately equal to the latitude x 0.87.

The Philippines is located between the latitude 4deg.N (Tawi-tawi) to 21deg.N (Batanes) North of the Equator.

The NCR is approximately at 14 deg.N, so for Metro Manila, the optimum tilt of panels is 12 deg., facing South.


TYPICAL MOUNTING

HARDWARES


TYPICAL MOUNTING …


TYPICAL MOUNTING

HARDWARES- Using EMT Pipes


WIRINGS FROM PV PANELS TO CHARGE CONTROLLER TO BATTERIES/ INVERTER…CIRCUITBREAKERSMUSTBEPROVIDEDIN BETWEENDEVICES!


BATTERIES, INVERTER & CHARGER…


MANUAL TRANSFER SWITCHES, FOR THE OFF GRID, TO SELECT CONNECTIONFROM SOLAR OR FROM UTILITY SUPPLY…


Automatic Transfer Switches (ATS)

SOCOMEC

ADD’L SAFETY REMINDERS ON ROOFTOP SOLAR ENERGY

SYSTEM

3. A SIMILAR PLAQUE OR DIRECTORY BELOW MUST BE PROVIDED!

1. MAX. DC VOLTAGE FOR DWELLINGS SHOULD NOT EXCEED 50 VOLTS!

2. ALL DC WIRINGS BETWEEN SOLAR PANELS AND CHARGE CONTROLLERS OR BATTERIES OR INVERTERS SHOULD BE PROVIDED WITH CIRCUIT BREAKERS OR FUSES.

“THIS HOUSE IS ALTERNATIVELY SUPPLIED WITH RENEWABLE/SOLAR POWER. THE

MAIN DISCONNECT IS LOCATED AT THE

ROOFDECK.”


MAINTENANCE


MAINTAINING THE SOLAR SYSTEMAs with any mechanical or electrical appliance, PV systems require routine, periodic maintenance. System components may also need repair or replacement from time to time. An efficient and long-lasting system will depend on a periodic check of system components and completion of any preventive maintenance as necessary. Talk with your system installer about routine and periodic maintenance. In the event of a system malfunction, effective troubleshooting and repair is necessary.


Maintenance of Solar Panels1.Thoroughly clean the top surfaces of solar PV panels of dust and/or dirt accumulations. This should be done weekly in a dusty environment especially during the summer months, and maybe done monthly or as necessary during the rainy season. A soft cotton cloth should be used to do this.2.Regularly check/ monitor the output voltage of the solar panels.3.Check all DC wirings from the panels to the solar controllers and the respective circuit breakers.


Maintenance of Solar Controllers/Chargers1.Clean all dust and/or dirt accumulations from controller.2.Clean all vent openings and ensure that they are free from obstructions.3. Check terminals and connections for tightness. Check all relays, lights, and other indicating devices for proper operation.4. If all battery cells consistently read low, check controller/charger for proper operation. If electrolyte levels are low, check charger rate settings against the manufacturer’s specifications. Consistently low levels may indicate the charge rate is too fast.

Maintenance of Batteries1. Thoroughly clean all battery surfaces of dust and/or dirt accumulations.2. Clean and tighten all terminal connections. Remove any corrosion on battery terminals with bicarbonate of soda.3. Clean battery studs and cable ends.4. On stranded cable, if ends are corroded, cut off ends or separate strands and clean internally.5. Check electrolyte levels and specific gravity. Variations of more than fifty (50) points between cells may indicate a bad cell.


Maintenance of Inverters1.Thoroughly clean the top and side surfaces of solar controllers and inverters of dust and/or dirt accumulations, using vacuum cleaners.2.Regularly check/monitor the DC input voltage reading and the AC voltage output of the inverters.3.Regularly check/ monitor the temperature of the inverters by touching their heat sink and/or enclosure.4.Check all DC and AC wirings and all circuit breaker protections.


Outsource Maintenance ServiceYou may be able to carry out many routine inspections and maintenance tasks yourself. If, however, you are not the do-it-yourself type, or if there is a major problem with your system, you will need to locate a professional to do the work. The following pages is a partial list of SOLARSAFE group installers/ maintainers of home solar systems. You may contact the one near your locality.

PARTIAL LIST OF SOLARSAFE INSTALLERS/ MAINTAINERS-1

SOLARSAFE DIRECTORY, as of January 2016

NCR & Rizal

Asuncion, Victor, 09175003576, Antipolo, [email protected]

Banayad, Chito [email protected]

Barrameda, Joel RME/REE; [email protected], Land Bank of the Phils.

Cabreza, Lito [email protected]

Calpotura, Karlo REE 0023452/ RME 0019171, [email protected]

Carias, Leo S., 09178691126, Anonas St., Sta. Mesa, Manila, [email protected]

Cericos, Reydemto P RPCericos Inc., REE 12893, 09989988195, [email protected], GVR Imelda ave cor Vista Verde Cainta Rizal

Chua, Gerry Solar Pinoy, Boni Serrano Ave, Crame, QC, 09228943779

Cruz, Ricardo REE; 09284355594; [email protected]


SOLARSAFE DIRECTORY, as of January 2016, continuation..

NCR & Rizal

Cruz,Timothy Joseph C. REE 49450, Sangandaan,Caloocan, 09214738428, [email protected]

Cuasay, Elmer C. RME 12320, elmerccuasay2gmail.com. +16919205459

De Guzman, Mike Solaric Phils, 09178613173

De Manuel, Leoncio,Jr; REE-43285, 2198 Fidel Reyes St, Malate,Manila,09232850290/[email protected]

Elecol Engineering Marikina City, 09175803348; 09255111144; 09088200582

Estardo, Leonel Calinawan Antipolo city, 09055962592, [email protected]

Evangelista, Jun M [email protected]

Fajardo, Leo REE, Elecol Engineering, Marikina City, 09175803348; 09255111144; 09088200582

Factor, Roselyn S. 46703 unit 5c lot 6 Teodora Cmpd Bambang Pasig 09182028827 [email protected]

Feliciano, Mick, [email protected] solar enthusiast

Ferrer, Jun REE, [email protected]



NCR & Rizal

FEMP Safety Engineering 0943 0616 215/ 0929 555 2508, Tel (02) 646 95 16, pldt mobile (02) 73 69 159

Guevarra, Elmer ECE 019003, 470 Talipapa St. Caybiga Cal, 09499368567; (02) 7347345, [email protected]

Ilustre, Wilchor, RME, Novaliches QC / [email protected]

Javier, Rollie RME, 09257111691; [email protected]

Lopez, Rick Jorge [email protected]

Malpaya, Junji, Quezon City, 09174493175, [email protected]

Mirando, Efren, caser, 09179783455, [email protected]

Moctar, Cosarie M. REE49060/ RME39369, Pasig City, [email protected], 09265644479

Nimis, Nestor, [email protected]

Ole, Frederick REE; 09213701962; [email protected]

Pangilinan, Jerry 09177975357, [email protected]

Rosal, Pepito Jr. REE, [email protected], Caloocan City

PARTIAL LIST OF SOLARSAFE INSTALLERS/ MAINTAINERS-4SOLARSAFE DIRECTORY, as of January 2016, continuation..

NCR & Rizal

Pangilinan, Phil REE, 09327188778

Peralta, Cornelio [email protected]

Peralta, ruel, Calbayog st. Mandaluyong city, 09223925775, [email protected]

Prilles, Nelson [email protected]

Roldan, Neil supplier of deep-cycle batteries, 09174475988

Romano, MelvinREE, 09157938239, Marikina City – “SOLARSHARING”

Salacup, Julius REE 47599, [email protected], Talon 3, Las Pinas City, 09271508577

PARTIAL LIST OF SOLARSAFE INSTALLERS/ MAINTAINERS-5SOLARSAFE DIRECTORY, as of January 2016, continuation..

NCR & Rizal

Sanchez, Claro PEE003325, [email protected] 626-A Sancho Panza St. Sampaloc Manila

San Jose, Jerry, Solar Risk Management & Insurance, [email protected]

Santiago, Laila 09473141403, Eastwood Greenview, Montalban,,[email protected]

Sayson, Elmer Architect 23504, [email protected]

Sorita, Manuel Jr. Sta Barbara Villas1 Silangan San Mateo Riz 09223400679/09206787869, [email protected]

Sumayang, Joel M [email protected] QC

Vargas, Ariel M [email protected]

Villacorta, Benjie N REE 794/ [email protected], Malabon City



Northern Luzon

Abad, Jaime R REE; 09062512573, Baguio City, [email protected]

Binay-an, Julius REE/RME, 36738 / 30935; Loakan, Baguio City; 09485377879; [email protected]

Manipon, Melanie, Santa Fe, Nueva Vizcaya; REE-42610, [email protected]

Palmares, Jose, Jr, 09177338282, 25 pine st. Rosales Pang., [email protected]

Central Luzon

De Leon, Crisanto DA, 187 Brgy Dampol, Plaridel, Bulacan, 3004, email add: [email protected]

Laquindanum, Arnel P PEE/ RMP, 09329850810 / [email protected], Malolos, Bulacan

Remegio, Joel E RME, [email protected] Meycauayan, Bulacan; 0939 606 4467

Salamanca, Chrysler A, REE 0028520/ RME 0023955, Poblacion Sur, Mayantoc, Tarlac, +63 919 570 7425



Southern Luzon

Agellon, Irome Harize O. RME, [email protected], 09464019548, Mabitac, Laguna

Ansay, Jaime U, B2 L12 ceris 3, canlubang, calamba, laguna, 09294344468, jaimeansay @ yahoo.com

Balatucan, Abner B. Jr. RME 0025898.Blk.26 lot 24 Amaia Scapes Laguna, Barandal Calamba, [email protected], 09296012402

Bandao, Mohamadzali G REE 0031558, Sta. Cruz, Laguna, 09062735256, [email protected]

Barlaan, Romeo D 110 dao st. 4c San Jose Village Binan, Laguna, [email protected], 09212412398

Corpuz, Arnel REE / RMP; 09175284635; Pacita Biñan, Laguna; [email protected]

Daraug, Jeffrey, Dasmarinas, Cavite, 09097010222, [email protected]

Daraug, Romulo M Sunnycrest Vill.Salitran-2 Dasmarinas,Cavite, RME 009256, [email protected], LL : 046 4819 033

De Leon, Irwin Ponce, 470 rizal ave..puerto princesa city, [email protected]

Ducay, Mhon T RME/RGE, [email protected], +639753304504, Cavite

Opilla, Ernesto T REE 21616, CEL #09169757699, Cavite

Pulanco,Ramil Nicodemus RME 39243, [email protected], blk 61 lot 34 Palao Canlubang 4028 Calamba city, 09053384822

Recto, Precious RCE, [email protected], Lucban, Quezon

Safred, Donato, RME #018852/ RMP, Tayabas, Quezon



Bicol Region

Barrameda, Joel RME/REE, [email protected], Bacacay, Albay

Bugtong, Jigger F REE, Naga City, 09175802138/ 09228602716

Elecol Engineering Naga City, 09175803348; 09255111144; 09088200582

Fajardo, Leo REE, Naga City, 09175803348; ; 09255111144; 09088200582

Flores, Casimiro, Jr., RME; [email protected], OSH Safety Practitioner/ Safety Officer/ Naga City

Lorenzana,Mary Marlyn B. CE/ Daet, Camarines Norte ; [email protected]

Pahugot, Clifford RME 0037348, Aroroy, Masbate, [email protected] 09272340845

Romano, MelvinREE, 09157938239, Albay – “SOLARSHARING”

San Andres, Balbino, Jr., Naga City, Camarines Sur, [email protected]



Western Visayas/ Central Visayas/ Eastern Visayas

Canu-og, Niel B REE 13808, [email protected]; 0922-8475185; Cebu, City

Caragos, Melmar RME, MDC Electrical Supplies & Services, Roxas City, [email protected]

Gambuta, Martin C RME-37865, CPG East Ave. Tagbilaran City, [email protected], 09468753551

Osano, Chris 12 V. Aldecoa Road, Dumaguete City, 09287589020, [email protected]

Olavario, Blandino, Jr, 09061679107, Calbyog City, Samar

Viñas, Darwin CE/RMP; Oslob, Cebu; [email protected]; 09436441617

Western/ Northern/ Southern Mindanao

Asa, Abdulnor A. REE/ RME; NPC Jolo DPP Jolo [email protected]

Bagamano, Ramil PEE, Bukidnon/ Davao; 0922 8700 698

Dalena, Neil S. Farmers Drive, Gov Ramos Ave. Brgy. Sta Maria, Zamboanga City +63 917 555 8984

Madahan, Bienvenido C Compostela Valley, Davao, 09489317399

Recto, Precious RCE, [email protected], Bukidnon

Saavedra, Bobby Zamboanga City, 0917 559 1796; 0918 921 6578

Thank you & Good luck!

If you need further help, my contact numbers are: 0943 0616 215 / 0915 292 8668 / 0929 555 2508 /

pldt mobile 73 69 159

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