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Solar Or Waste Heat Absorption Cooling System CONTEMPORARY TECHNOLOGY PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH AND AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 01
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Solar Or Waste Heat
Absorption Cooling System
CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH
SINGH AND AFRIN FATIMA
GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 01
WHY :
• DRAMATIC INCREASE OF AIR CONDITIONING SINCE THE EARLY 80’S
• COST OF ENERGY
• ISSUES RELATED TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
DUE TO ENERGY PRODUCTION
DUE TO THE USE OF CFC’S AND HCFC’S
• MATCHES DEMAND WITH SOURCE AVAILABILITY
• CRUCIAL FOR IMPROVING LIFE STANDARDS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 02
HOW CAN WE PROFIT FROM WASTE HEAT:
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 03
REDUCING UTILITY INVESTMENTS
INCREASING PRODUCTION
TRANSFORMING ENERGY
SAVING FUEL GENERATING ELECTRICITY
REDUCING COOLING NEEDSSELLING HEAT AND ELECTRICITY
REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
TYPES OF SOLAR COOLING:
THERE ARE DIFFERENT POSSIBILITIES TO ACHIEVE SOLAR COOLING.
• BY GENERATING ELECTRICITY AND OPERATING A COMPRESSOR OR • BY USING THE SOLAR HEAT DIRECTLY TO OPERATE A HEAT-DRIVEN COOLING CYCLE.
DIFFERENT POSSIBILITIES TO ACHIEVE SOLAR COOLING.
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 04
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF SOLAR AIR CONDITIONING PROCESS :
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 05
GENERATED HEAT IS USED IN ADDITION WITH E.G. ABSORPTION AIR CONDITIONER TO PROVIDE COOLING.
SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS INTEGRATED ON ROOFS OF THE BUILDINGS
PROVIDE THERMAL ENERGY BY CONCENTRATING THE SUN’S ENERGY ON PLATE COLLECTORS
HEATING THE HEAT TRANSFER FLUID WITHIN THE SYSTEM.
DEVICE THAT ALLOWS HEAT FROM A FLUID (A LIQUID OR A GAS) TO PASS TO A SECOND FLUID (LIQUID OR GAS) WITHOUT THE TWO FLUIDS HAVING TO MIX TOGETHER OR COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT.
TYPES:
HEAT EXCHANGER:
IN POWER PLANTS OR ENGINES, EXHAUST GASES OFTEN CONTAIN HEAT THAT'S HEADING USELESSLY AWAY INTO THE OPEN AIR. THAT'S A WASTE OF ENERGY AND SOMETHING A HEAT EXCHANGER CAN CERTAINLY REDUCE. S
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 06
HOW HEAT IS TRAPPED :
TWO DIFFERENT FLUIDS ARE USED:
• A REFRIGERANT (WATER)
•AN ABSORBENT (LITHIUM BROMIDE OR AMMONIA)
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 07
CONSISTS OF :
EVAPORATOR
ABSORBER
HIGH PRESSURE GENERATOR
CONDENSER
WORKS ON 3 BASIC PRINCIPLES:
• WHEN A LIQUID IS HEATED IT BOILS (VAPORIZES) AND WHEN A GAS IS COOLED IT CONDENSES
• LOWERING THE PRESSURE ABOVE A LIQUID REDUCES ITS BOILING POINT
• HEAT FLOWS FROM WARMER TO COOLER SURFACES.
ABSORPTION COOLING:
IS A THERMALLY DRIVEN REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
POWERED BY SOLAR ENERGY AS WELL AS WASTE HEAT.
3 PHASES OF ABSORPTION COOLING CYCLE :
EVAPORATION:THE REFRIGERANT IS EVAPORATED AT A LOW PRESSURE AND LOW TEMPERATURE IN THE EVAPORATOR.
ABSORPTION:THE NOW GASEOUS REFRIGERANT IS ABSORBED BY ANOTHER LIQUID (E.G. A SALT SOLUTION).
REGENERATION:THE CHARGED REFRIGERANT IS REGENERATED BY HEATING UP THE ADSORBER.
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 08
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 09
HOW DO THE CHILLERS WORK :
• WATER IS USED AS A REFRIGERENT.
• THE REFRIGERANT IS EVAPORATED AT A LOW PRESSURE
AND LOW TEMPERATURE IN THE EVAPORATOR.
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 10
EVAPORATOR
HOW DO THE CHILLERS WORK :
• LITHIUM BROMIDE (LIBr) HAS THE PROPERTY TO ABSORB WATER (REFRIGERANT) DUE TO ITS CHEMICAL AFFINITY.
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 11
THE VAPORISED REFRIGERANT IS ADSORBED IN THE PORES OF THE ADSORBENT IN THE REACTION CHAMBER.
ABSORBER
HOW DO THE CHILLERS WORK :
• DILUTED LIBr LOSES ITS CAPACITY TO ABSORB WATER VAPOUR. • NEEDS TO BE RE-CONCENTRATED USING A HEAT SOURCE. • HEATING MAY BE IN THE FORM OF STEAM / FLUE GASES / HOT WATER /FUEL
FIRING.
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 12
GENERATOR
HOW DO THE CHILLERS WORK :
• THE HEATING CAUSES THE SOLUTION TO RELEASE THE ABSORBED REFRIGERANT IN THE FORM OF VAPOUR.
• THIS VAPOUR IS COOLED IN A SEPARATE CHAMBER TO BECOME LIQUID REFRIGERANT.
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 13
TYPES :
INDIRECT FIREDDIRECT FIRED
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 14
HYBRID SYSTEMS
Hybrid systems capture the best of both gas and electric usage by installing an absorption system in parallel with an electric vapor compression system.
SINGLE EFFECT DOUBLE EFFECT
TRIPLE-EFFECT
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : AFRIN FATIMA GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 15
HEAT SOURCE TEMPERATURE ABOVE 80 °C COP 0.6 TO 0.8.
TEMPERATURE OF ABOVE 140 °CCOP UP TO 1.2
ADVANTAGES OF ABSORPTION CHILLERS :
• ULTRA LOW ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION
• ZERO OZONE DEPLETION POTENTIAL
• NO DANGEROUS CHEMICALS
• NO NOISE
• EASE OF MAINTENANCE
• WIDE TEMPERATURE RANGES ALLOWED
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 16
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 17
SOLAR ENERGY CENTER HARYANA :
• SOLAR AIR CONDITIONING DEMONSTRATION SYSTEM.
• DEVELOPED BY THERMAX• 100 KW COOLING CAPACITY • INTEGRATED TRIPPLE EFFECT VAPOUR ABSORPTION
CHILLER AND SOLAR PARABOLIC CONCENTRATORS.
THE 868,000 SQ. FT. FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORYCOMMISSION (FERC) OFFICE BUILDING, WHICH OPENED IN 1995, HAS OFFICE SPACE, A HEALTH CLUB AND A 200 SEAT RESTAURANT.
A 1,000 TON DIRECT FIRED ABSORPTION CHILLER WAS PUT INTO A HYBRID PLANT WITH AN ELECTRIC CHILLER TO COOL THE FACILITY.
THE ESTIMATED SAVINGS ARE APPROXIMATELY $40,000 TO $50,000 PER YEAR OR ABOUT 3% TO 5% OF ANNUAL UTILITY COSTS.
FERC OFFICE BUILDING, WASHINGTON, D. C.
A CHILLER MODEL BY THERMAX, NEWLY DEVELOPED FOR SMALL CAPACITIES, ENABLES REDUCED CHILLING POWER.
AT A HEAT SOURCE TEMPERATURE OF 65 °C COP OF APPROXIMATELY 0.7USES SOLAR HEAT SOURCE
NEW MEDIUM-SIZE AND SMALL-SIZE DEVELOPMENTS HAVE BEEN DESIGNED RECENTLY BY EUROPEAN AND ASIAN MANUFACTURERS, CONVENIENT TO COVER THE COOLING LOADS FOR SMALL AREAS SUCH AS FROM 200 M² TO 500 M².
INNOVATIONS:S
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 18
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CONTEMPORARYTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY : ASHUTOSH SINGH GUIDED BY : AR. FIROZ ANWAR SLIDE NO : 19
BIBLIOGRAPHY :
HTTP://WWW.SOLAIR-PROJECT.EU/143.0.HTML
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/AMITABHS5/SOLAR-COOLING
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/AMANECE13/SOLAR-HEATING-AND-COOLING-SYSTEM
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/VITO696/THE-SOLAR-COOLING
HTTP://WWW.ALLSUBJECTS4YOU.COM/REFRIGERATION-SYSTEMS-AND-CYCLES.HTM
HTTPS://THERMAXPROFETHERM.WORDPRESS.COM/2015/09/03/HOW-DO-ABSORPTION-CHILLERS-WORK/
HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=BCHPEZAQEWI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4O-ETo4XjB8
