Solar System

The project was made by the students of Kaunas „Vyturio“ catholic secondary school. Vaiva Raginytė and Tomas Vilkauskas.

Solar System

Solar System

The Solar System comprises the Sun and the objects that orbit it,

whether they orbit it directly or by orbiting other objects that orbit it

directly.

Of those objects that orbit the Sun directly,

the largest eight are the planets that form the planetary system

around it,

while the remainder are significantly smaller objects,

such as dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies (SSSBs) such

as comets and asteroids.

SunThe Sun is the star at the center of

the Solar System.

It is almost spherical and consists of

hot plasma interwoven with magnetic

fields.

It has a diameter of about 1,392,684

km, around 109 times that of Earth,

and its mass

accounts for about 99.86% of the

total mass of the Solar System.

Chemically, about three quarters of

the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen,

whereas the rest is mostly helium.

The remaining 1.69% consists of

heavier elements, including oxygen,

carbon, neon and iron.

MercuryMercury is the closest to the Sun of the eight planets in the Solar System,with an orbital period of about 88 Earth days. Seen from Earth,it appears to move around its orbit in about 116 days, which is much faster than any other planet. It has no known natural satellites. Because it has almost no atmosphere to retain heat, Mercury's surface experiences the greatest temperature variation of all the planets, ranging from −173 °C to 427 °C. Mercury consists of 70% metallic and 30% silicate material. The planet is named after the Roman deity Mercury, the messenger to the gods.

VenusVenus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days.

It has no natural satellite. It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty.

After the Moon, it is the brightest natural object in the night sky,

reaching an apparent magnitude of -4.6, bright enough to cast shadows. The

maximum temperature is 462°. It is the hottest planet in the Solar System. Venus

has the densest atmosphere of the four terrestrial planets, consisting of more than

96% carbon dioxide.

EarthEarth, also known as the world, Terra, or Gaia, is the third planet from the Sun,

the densest planet in the Solar System. The only celestial body known to accommodate life.

It is home to over eight million species. 71% percent of Earth's surface is covered with water.

Earth gravitationally interacts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon. During one

orbit around the Sun, the Earth rotates about its own axis 366.26 times, creating 365.26 solar days, or

one year.

There are over 7.2 billion humans who depend upon its biosphere and minerals.

The Earth's human population is divided among about two hundred independent states that interact

through diplomacy, conflict, travel, trade, and media.

MoonThe Moon is Earth's only natural satellite.

Although not the largest natural satellite in the Solar System, it is, among the satellites

of major planets, the largest relative to the size of the object it orbits.

It is the second-densest satellite among those whose densities are known.

The Moon is similar to the Earth in that it has a crust, mantle, and core. The

composition of the two bodies is similar, which is part of why scientists think the Moon

may have formed from a large impact breaking off a piece of Earth when it was

forming. The crust consists of 43% oxygen, 20% silicon, 19% magnesium, 10% iron,

3% calcium, 3% aluminum.

MarsMars is the fourth planet from the Sun, named after the Roman god of war.

It is often described as the "Red Planet" because the iron oxide prevalent on its

surface gives it a reddish appearance. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin

atmosphere. Mars is the site of Olympus Mons,

the second highest known mountain within the Solar System. The smooth Borealis

basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant

impact feature. Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and

irregularly shaped.

JupiterJupiter is the fifth planet from

the Sun and the largest planet in

the Solar System. Jupiter's upper

atmosphere is composed of about 88–

92% hydrogen and 8–12% helium.

Jupiter's mass is 2.5 times that of all

the other planets in the Solar System

combined.

SaturnSaturn is the sixth planet from the Sun. Named after the Roman god of agriculture, its astronomical symbol (♄) represents the god's sickle.Saturn's interior is probably composed of a core of iron, nickel and rock, surrounded by a deep layer of metallic hydrogen.Saturn has a prominent ring system that consists of nine continuous main rings and three discontinuous arcs, composed mostly of ice particles with a smaller amount of rocks and dust.

UranusUranus is the

seventh planet from

the Sun. Uranus is similar in

composition to Neptune.

Uranus's atmosphere contains

more "ices", such as

water, ammonia, and methane,

along with traces

of hydrocarbons. It is the

coldest planetary atmosphere in

the Solar System, with a

minimum temperature of

−224.2 °C, and has a complex,

layered cloud structure.

NeptuneNeptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun in the Solar System.

Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus.

Neptune orbits the Sun at an average distance of 30.1astronomical units. Named after the Roman

god of the sea, its astronomical symbol is ♆, a stylised version of the god Neptune's trident.

1. Upper atmosphere, top clouds

2. Atmosphere consisting of hydrogen, helium and methane gas

3. Mantle consisting of water, ammonia and methane ices

4. Core consisting of rock (silicates and nickel–iron)

Thank you for your attention!