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Solar Water Pumps for Solar Water Pumps for Central KansasCentral Kansas
Rylan E. OrtizRylan E. Ortiz
HORT 640HORT 640
Sustainable AgricultureSustainable Agriculture
OutlineOutline
Solar power as a renewable energy source.Solar power as a renewable energy source. History of Solar powerHistory of Solar power About solar energyAbout solar energy Theoretical discussion on solar power via PV’sTheoretical discussion on solar power via PV’s Industry solar power water pumpsIndustry solar power water pumps Why solar power water pumps in KansasWhy solar power water pumps in Kansas Calculations to question for a successful designCalculations to question for a successful design Solar energy on the rise!Solar energy on the rise! Question and AnswerQuestion and Answer
Solar power as a renewable energy Solar power as a renewable energy source.source.
Our Sun’s fusion of Our Sun’s fusion of H H → He drives → He drives photovoltaic cells to photovoltaic cells to produce DC voltage.produce DC voltage.
History of Solar PowerHistory of Solar Power
Solar innovations Solar innovations began over 100 years began over 100 years ago (Industrial Revol.)ago (Industrial Revol.)
Shelved for 50 yrs Shelved for 50 yrs due to USA’s fossil due to USA’s fossil fuel search.fuel search.
Auguste Mouchout, Auguste Mouchout, French French mathematician first mathematician first developed solar developed solar energy research 1860energy research 1860
Theoretic on Solar Power via PV’sTheoretic on Solar Power via PV’s
Light travels in Light travels in pockets of energy pockets of energy called photons.called photons.
PV’s (Photovoltaics) PV’s (Photovoltaics) absorb these photons absorb these photons and release electrons.and release electrons.
Electrons can then be Electrons can then be captured by captured by surrounding medium surrounding medium to generate electric to generate electric currents currents → electricity!→ electricity!
TheoryTheory
PV effect first noted by PV effect first noted by Edmund Bequerel 1839.Edmund Bequerel 1839.
Certain materials produce Certain materials produce small amounts of current small amounts of current with photon interactions.with photon interactions.
First Photovoltaic build in First Photovoltaic build in 1954.1954.
Too expensive for public Too expensive for public use. use.
1960s space utilized this 1960s space utilized this technology.technology.
TheoryTheory
Note: space Note: space technology helped technology helped decline PV’s decline PV’s expensive price expensive price through researchthrough research
Soon industry caught Soon industry caught glimpse of PV’s glimpse of PV’s commercial potential.commercial potential.
PV TheoryPV Theory
Photons absorb PV medium (a semi – conductor Photons absorb PV medium (a semi – conductor material usually Silicon, Si)material usually Silicon, Si)
This “wafer” is treated to generate an electric This “wafer” is treated to generate an electric field.field.
““Opposites attract”. Positive and Negative Opposites attract”. Positive and Negative terminals are connected to create an electric terminals are connected to create an electric circuit.circuit.
This electric circuit generates an electric current This electric circuit generates an electric current which is then harnessed to power a load.which is then harnessed to power a load.
TheoryTheory
PV TheoryPV Theory
Solar cells connected Solar cells connected together form a together form a modulemodule..
A series of modules A series of modules forms an forms an arrayarray..
Wire these up in Wire these up in seriesseries or or parallelparallel figurations to help figurations to help power your device.power your device.
In this case: In this case:
Water Pumps!Water Pumps!
Industry solar power water pumpsIndustry solar power water pumps
Produce water when Produce water when it is needed the most: it is needed the most: when there is sun!when there is sun!
Same idea as before:Same idea as before: Light photon interactLight photon interact Absorbed by wafersAbsorbed by wafers Wafers produce DCWafers produce DC
Lorentz pump providing water in Eastern Colorado
Why Solar Pumps in Central KS?Why Solar Pumps in Central KS?
Ogallala Aquifer’s Ogallala Aquifer’s reservoir already reservoir already supplies central and supplies central and western Kansas with western Kansas with their water supply.their water supply.
Solar power lowers Solar power lowers conventional pumping conventional pumping costs by utilizing the costs by utilizing the Sun’s free and radiant Sun’s free and radiant energy. energy.
Calculations for a Design of a Calculations for a Design of a Solar PumpSolar Pump
DEFINITIONS and FUNDAMENTALSDEFINITIONS and FUNDAMENTALS LIFT vs. PRESSURELIFT vs. PRESSURE DETERMINE POWER REQUIRED TO PUMP DETERMINE POWER REQUIRED TO PUMP
WATERWATER ESTIMATE THE COST OF SOLAR PUMPINGESTIMATE THE COST OF SOLAR PUMPING HORSEPOWER vs. WATTSHORSEPOWER vs. WATTS HORESEPOWER of COMBUSTION ENGINE HORESEPOWER of COMBUSTION ENGINE
vs. ELECTRIC MOTORvs. ELECTRIC MOTOR POWER AND ENERGYPOWER AND ENERGY WIRE SIZING vs. VOLTAGEWIRE SIZING vs. VOLTAGE
Theory of PV’sTheory of PV’s
PV’s on average are only 20-30% efficientPV’s on average are only 20-30% efficientThus 70 or more percent of the Sun’s energy Thus 70 or more percent of the Sun’s energy
is lostis lostDesign of a PV will need to be protected Design of a PV will need to be protected
from the natural elements such as hail and from the natural elements such as hail and windwind
A plastic is a durable source of covering A plastic is a durable source of covering for PV’s to shield from elementsfor PV’s to shield from elements
From an Environmental From an Environmental PerspectivePerspective
PV’s eliminate the need for fossil fuels PV’s eliminate the need for fossil fuels once on the marketonce on the market
PV electricity generates zero – emissionsPV electricity generates zero – emissionsSemi – conductor manufacturing is one of Semi – conductor manufacturing is one of
the most hazardous industries in businessthe most hazardous industries in businessUse of solvents, acids and bases for Use of solvents, acids and bases for
cleaning and preparing of the crystalscleaning and preparing of the crystals
Types of Potential HazardsTypes of Potential Hazards
x – Six – Si HF acid burnsHF acid burns
SiH(4) fires / explosionsSiH(4) fires / explosions
Pb solder / module disposalPb solder / module disposal
a - Sia - Si SiH(4) fires / explosionsSiH(4) fires / explosions
CdTeCdTe Cd toxicity, carcinogenicity, Cd toxicity, carcinogenicity, module disposalmodule disposal
Ga, AsGa, As AsH(3) toxicity, As AsH(3) toxicity, As carcinogenicity, H(2) carcinogenicity, H(2)
flammability, module disposalflammability, module disposal
ApplicationsApplications Deep well pumpingDeep well pumping Irrigation (lift and Irrigation (lift and
pressurized)pressurized) Livestock (pipeline Livestock (pipeline
transfer, pond and stream transfer, pond and stream protection)protection)
Home and village supplyHome and village supply Camp sites, vacation Camp sites, vacation
cabinscabins Water purification and Water purification and
treatment systems, Solar treatment systems, Solar water heatingwater heating
Hydronic floor heating Hydronic floor heating
Why Solar Power?Why Solar Power?
Lots of fuel! (4.5 Lots of fuel! (4.5 bby y worth)worth)
Every 15 minutes the Every 15 minutes the sun produces enough sun produces enough solar power to supply solar power to supply the world for an entire the world for an entire year year
FREE!FREE!
Solar Energy Applications Gaining Solar Energy Applications Gaining Ground!Ground!
New Oil Projects New Oil Projects Cannot Meet World Cannot Meet World Needs This Decade.Needs This Decade.
Solar Light For Solar Light For Churches of AfricaChurches of Africa
KSU Solar Car KSU Solar Car Racing TeamRacing Team
New Classes: New Classes: HORT 640HORT 640