SOLID, LIQUID AND GAS PHASE SYNTHESIS OF NANOMATERIALS A Harish Kumar I M.Tech Biotechnology 2014402008 NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
Transcript
1. SOLID, LIQUID AND GAS PHASE SYNTHESIS OF NANOMATERIALS A
Harish Kumar I M.Tech Biotechnology 2014402008
NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
2. Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter at least one
dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres -NNI DIFFERENT APPROACHES
FOR NANOFABRICATION Top down approach Bottom up approach [Bulk
material broken [Building or assembling from down into small
pieces] small pieces as atoms or molecules] + Scale up is easy +
Control of particle size, morphology, + No need of sophisticated
instruments + High purity
3. Synthesis of nanoparticles SOLID LIQUID GAS Agitated ball
milling Sol gel Chemical vapour deposition Lithography
Co-precipitation Laser ablation Solvothermal synthesis Flame
pyrolysis Biomimetic synthesis Inert gas condensation
Microemulsions Sputtering Sonochemical synthesis
4. Agitated ball mill 80% of glass beads or steel balls of size
100 m to several mm Agitator shaft runs along the axis of mill
Rotates with speed of 4 -20 m/s The suspension is forced through
the mill through a pump S. Bernotat, K. Schnert, in Ullmanns
Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, W. Gerhartz, B. Elvers, M.
Ravenscroft, J.F. Rounsaville, G. Schulz (Eds.), Vol. B2, 5th
Edition, VCH, Weinheim, 1988, p. 5-1.
5. Sol gel synthesis Hiroki Nagai and Mitsunobu Sato (2012)
Heat Treatment in Molecular Precursor Method for Fabricating Metal
Oxide Thin Films; ISBN 978-953-51-0768-2
6. Solvothermal Precursors are kept at the lower part of the
autoclave. heated in order to create two temperature zones nutrient
dissolves in the hotter zone and the saturated aqueous solution in
the lower part cooler and denser solution in the upper part becomes
supersaturated due to reduction in temperature and crystallization
sets in.
7. Chemical vapour deposition One or more volatile precursors
which react and decompose on the substrate surface Volatile
by-products are removed by gas flow Silicon films on titanium
carbide or nitride. Silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide
www.nppt.uni-due.de/research/nanoparticles-and-nanomaterials/synthesis-and-in-
situ-process-anlysis-cvs-ams/
8. Laser ablation Removing material from a solid surface by
irradiating it with a laser beam At low laser flux, the material is
heated by the absorbed laser energy and evaporates or sublimates At
high laser flux, the material is converted to a plasma Gas
condensation to produce nano-particles of metal, metal oxides and
metal carbides Figure : www.corelase.fi/index.php?id=28
9. REFERENCES Hiroki Nagai and Mitsunobu Sato (2012) Heat
Treatment in Molecular Precursor Method for Fabricating Metal Oxide
Thin Films; ISBN 978-953- 51-0768-2
www.nppt.uni-due.de/research/nanoparticles
-and-nanomaterials/synthesis-and-in-situ- process-anlysis-cvs-ams
Synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials; P. Saravanan, R.
Gopalan, and V. Chandrasekaran. Defence Science Journal, Vol. 58,
No. 4, July 2008, pp. 504- 516