Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 15 (SOFC-XV)
S. C. Singhal
T. Kawada
Editors:
Sponsoring Division:
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Vol. 78, No. 1
High Temperature Materials
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v
ECS Transactions, Volume 78, Issue 1
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 15 (SOFC-XV)
Table of Contents
Preface iii
Chapter 1
Plenary Lectures - R&D Overviews
Overview of U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy’s Solid Oxide Fuel
Cell Program
S. D. Vora, W. L. Lundberg, J. F. Pierre
3
Fuel Cells Operating at 200 to 500 Celsius: Lessons Learned from the ARPA-E
REBELS Program
S. J. Litzelman, M. J. Pouy, P. S. Albertus, G. L. Soloveichik
21
Current Status of National SOFC Projects in Japan
H. Nirasawa
33
The Status of SOFC and SOEC R&D in the European Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Joint
Undertaking Programme
A. Aguilo-Rullan, M. Atanasiu, B. Biebuyck, N. Lymperopoulos, C. Marenco,
D. Tsimis
41
Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Review of Progress through Three Decades of the
International Symposia on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
N. Minh, J. Mizusaki, S. C. Singhal
63
Chapter 2
Stack and System Designs, Performance and Durability
Review of Progress in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells at FuelCell Energy
H. Ghezel-Ayagh, B. P. Borglum
77
vi
Development Progress on the Ceres Power Steel Cell Technology Platform: Further
Progress Towards Commercialization
R. T. Leah, A. Bone, E. Hammer, A. Selcuk, M. Rahman, A. Clare, S. Mukerjee,
M. Selby
87
Progress in HEXIS’ Development: Galileo 1000 N and HEXIS' Next Generation
SOFC System
A. Mai, F. Fleischhauer, R. Denzler, A. Schuler
97
Stack Development at GE-Fuel Cells
D. Hickey, M. Alinger, A. Shapiro, K. Brown, T. Striker, H. Wang, S. Gaunt,
D. Kinsey, I. Hussaini
107
Development, Manufacturing and Deployment of SOFC-Based Products at
SOLIDpower
M. Bertoldi, O. F. Bucheli, A. Ravagni
117
Development and Commercialization of New Residential SOFC CHP System
M. Yoda, S. Inoue, Y. Takuwa, K. Yasuhara, M. Suzuki
125
Development and Testing of Innovative SOFC System Prototype with Staged Stack
Connection for Efficient Stationary Power and Heat Generation
J. Bachmann, O. Posdziech, P. Pianko-Oprych, N. Kaisalo, J. Pennanen
133
Progress of SOFC/SOEC Development at DTU Energy: From Materials to Systems
A. Hagen, P. V. Hendriksen
145
Development of a Highly Flexible SOFC CCHP System Towards Demand-Oriented
Power Generation from Renewable Fuels
M. Hauth, M. Seidl, A. Postl, C. Sallai, N. Soukup, J. Albert, C. Weinländer,
R. Rieberer, C. Hochenauer
155
Diesel Based SOFC Demonstrator for Maritime Applications
P. Nehter, B. Wildrath, A. Bauschulte, K. Leites
171
Development of Highly-Efficient SOFC System Using Anode Off-gas Regeneration
Technique
T. Nakajima, K. Nakamura, T. Ide, M. Shirai, T. Dohkoh, S. Taku, K. Isshiki,
K. Ogasawara, K. Fujita
181
vii
SOFC System for Battery Electric Vehicle Range Extension: Results of the First Half
of the Mestrex Project
V. Lawlor, M. Reissig, J. Makinson, J. Rechberger
191
New Applications of SOFC-MGT Hybrid Power Generation System for Low-Carbon
Society
Y. Kawabata, Y. Tachikawa, S. Taniguchi, Y. Matsuzaki, K. Sasaki
197
Opportunities and Challenges in Using SOFCs in Waste to Energy Systems
P. V. Aravind, A. Cavalli, H. C. Patel, M. Recalde, A. Saadabadi, A. N. Tabish,
G. Botta, A. Thallam Tattai, A. Teodoru, Y. Hajimolana, P. Chundru, T. Woudstra
209
Influence of Operating Parameters and System Design on Efficiency of Biomass and
Biogas Based SOFC Systems
S. Herrmann, M. Hauck, M. Geis, S. Fendt, M. Gaderer, H. Spliethoff
219
Playing with Fire: Commercialization of a Metal-Supported SOFC Product for Use in
Charcoal Cookstoves for the Developing World
M. C. Tucker, B. Carreon, J. Charyasatit, K. Langston, C. Taylor, J. Manjarrez,
N. Burton, M. LaBarbera, C. P. Jacobson
229
Microtubular SOFC (mSOFC) System in Mobile Robot Applications
K. Kendall, B. Liang, M. Kendall
237
Integration of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with an Absorption Chiller for Dynamic
Generation of Combined Cooling and Power for a Residential Application
M. Asghari, D. McVay, J. Brouwer
243
Highly Thermal-Integrated Flame Fuel Cell Module with High Temperature Heatpipe
H. Zeng, Y. Wang, Y. Shi, N. Cai, X. Ye, S. Wang
257
Improving Operation of a 2.5kW SOFC Power System with Supervisory Control
D. Vrecko, M. Nerat, D. Vrancic, G. Dolanc, B. Dolenc, B. Pregelj, F. Meyer,
S. F. Au, R. Makkus, Đ. Juričić
265
Economic Analysis and Implementation Strategies for SOFC Systems in Residential
Applications
L. Zhao, J. Brouwer
275
A Dual Functional Solid Oxide Fuel Cell for Power Generation and Energy Storage
C. Zhang, K. Huang
287
viii
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Opportunities for Economic Growth in Japan
N. Behling, M. C. Williams
299
Chapter 3
Electrolyte Materials, Fabrication and Performance
The Crystallographic and Electronic Phase Diagrams of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia
Model Electrolytes
T. Götsch, A. Menzel, E. Bertel, M. Stöger-Pollach, S. Penner
311
Gradual Conductivity Degradation of Nickel Doped Yttria Stabilized Zirconia by
Phase Transformation at Operating Temperature
T. Ishiyama, H. Kishimoto, K. D. Bagarinao, K. Yamaji, T. Horita, H. Yokokawa
321
A Comparative Study on the Densification Behavior of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia
Electrolyte Powders
D. Panthi, N. Hedayat, Y. Du
327
Imaging Space Charge Regions in Sm-Doped Ceria Using Strain-Based Scanning
Probe Techniques
S. B. Adler, B. S. Gerwe, E. N. Esfahani, P. Wang, Q. N. Chen, J. Li
335
Spatial Distribution of Oxygen Chemical Potential Profile across Zr0.84Y0.16O1.92 /
Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 Bilayer Electrolyte under SOFC Operating Conditions
I. H. Kim, H. Bae, J. W. Hong, J. W. Lim, S. J. Song
343
Electrochemical Properties of YSZ/GDC Bi-Layer Produced by One-Side Dip Coating
Method for the Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
S. Kim, I. Jang, C. Kim, H. Yoon, U. Paik
349
A New Double Doped Bismuth Oxide with Stable Ionic Conductivity at Intermediate
Temperatures
A. G. Jolley, E. D. Wachsman
355
Ceria/Bismuth Oxide Bilayer Electrolyte based Low-Temperature SOFCs with Stable
Electrochemical Performance
A. Jaiswal, A. Pesaran, S. Omar, E. D. Wachsman
361
Effect of Microstructure on Ionic Conduction of Composite Electrolytes Consisting of
Doped Ceria and Carbonates
K. Z. Fung, C. T. Ni, S. Y. Tsai, J. Y. Tang
371
ix
Reducing the Gadolinium Dopant Content by Partial Substitution with Yttrium in a
Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95-based Oxide-Ion Conductor
M. Mori, H. Sumi, E. Suda
377
Low Temperature Synthesis and Properties of Gadolinium-Doped Cerium Oxide
Nanoparticles
M. F. S. Machado, L. P. R. Moraes, N. K. Monteiro, V. Esposito, D. Z. de Florio,
D. Marani, F. C. Fonseca
387
In Situ Stress, Elastic Constant, Oxygen Surface Exchange Coefficient, and
Thermo-Chemical Expansion Coefficient Measurements on Praseodymium Doped
Ceria Thin Films
Y. Ma, J. D. Nicholas
395
Microstructure and Electrochemical Properties of La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 Thin
Film Deposited by Vacuum Cold Spray for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
L. S. Wang, C. X. Li, K. Ma, S. L. Zhang, G. J. Yang, C. J. Li
405
Preventing of LaNiO3 Formation at the LSGM-NiO Interface via LDC Protective
Layer and Proper Processing Route for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
C. Oncel, M. A. Gulgun
413
A Preliminary Study on Bi-Layered Ceramic Electrolytes of Mixed Conductor and
Proton Conductor
X. Zhang, M. Robertson, C. Deces-Petit
429
Relationship between Electrochemical Properties and Electrolyte Partial
Conductivities of Proton-Conducting Ceramic Fuel Cells
Y. Matsuzaki, Y. Tachikawa, T. Somekawa, K. Sato, Y. Kawabata, M. Sugahara,
H. Matsumoto, S. Taniguchi, K. Sasaki
441
Properties of Yttrium-Doped Barium Zirconate (BZY)-Hematite Mixed
Ionic-Electronic Conductor
Y. Yuan, R. Kikuchi, A. Takagaki, S. T. Oyama
451
Fabrication of BaZr1-XYxO3 Powder by Freeze Drying Method
T. Kato, A. Momma, A. Yoshioka, T. Terayama, Y. Tanaka
461
Sodium Doped Strontium Silicates as Electrolyte for Intermediate Temperature Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells
A. C. Kundur, M. P. Singh, V. A. Sethuraman
467
x
Chapter 4
Cathode Materials, Fabrication and Performance
Oxygen Reduction Reaction Properties of Cobalt-Free Perovskites for SOFCs
K. Singh, A. Sahoo, V. Thangadurai
479
CO2-Stable Alkaline-Earth-Free Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Ni0.7Co0.3O-
Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 Composite Cathodes
B. Lin, Y. Chen, Z. Cheng, Y. Yang, E. Traversa
489
Ca-Doped Double Perovskite PrBa0.8Ca0.2Co2O5+δ Thin-Film Electrodes: Experimental
and Theoretical Study
U. Anjum, M. Agarwal, T. S. Khan, M. A. Haider
499
Electrochemical and Chemical Characterization of NdBa1-XCo2-YFeYO5+δ Cathodes for
IT-SOFCs
G. Cordaro, A. Donazzi, R. Pelosato, C. Cristiani, G. Dotelli, I. Natali Sora
507
Physico-Chemical Characterisation of Ce0.7Sr0.3Fe0.9Ir0.04Co0.06O3-δ (CSFIC) Cathode
Material for Application in Low Temperature SOFCs
C. B. Njoku, B. O. Omondi, P. Ndungu
521
Preparation and Properties of PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co1.5Fe0.5O5+δ as Novel Oxygen Electrode for
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells
Y. Tian, D. Yan, B. Chi, J. Chen, X. Li, J. Li
533
Enhanced Stability of BaCoO3-δ Using Doping Process as a Cathode Material for IT-
SOFCs
X. Yang, X. Han, T. He, Y. Du
543
Study on the ORR Mechanism and CO2-Poisoning Resistance of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ-
coated Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ Cathode for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel
Cells
P. Qiu, J. Yang, L. Jia, Y. Gong, J. Pu, J. Li
551
Quantitative Defect Chemistry Analysis Of (La1-xCax)yFeO3±δ Perovskite
S. Darvish, Y. Zhong
565
Electrochemical Performance and Stability of LSM-ESB Cathode
Y. L. Huang, C. Pellegrinelli, A. S. Painter, E. D. Wachsman
573
xi
La2-XPrxNiO4+δ-Based Efficient SOFC Cathodes: Effect of Microstructure,
Composition and Architecture
R. K. Sharma, N. I. Khamidy, J. M. Bassat, E. Djurado
581
A-Site Deficient La2-XNiO4+δ Infiltrated LSCF Cathode with Improved Performance
and Stability
X. Zhang, W. Li, B. Guan, X. Liu
593
Preparation of Structural Phase Diagram of Nd2Ni1-XCuxO4+δ As New Cathode
Materials – Clarification of Existence of Miscibility Gap
C. Wang, H. Soga, T. Hayashi, T. Morise, E. Niwa, T. Hashimoto
603
Preparation of Structural Phase Diagram of Ln2Ni1-XCuxO4+δ (Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu)
as New Cathode Materials: Variation of Structural Phase Diagram on Kinds of Ln
H. Soga, C. Wang, T. Hayashi, T. Morise, E. Niwa, T. Hashimoto
613
In situ Studies of Phase Evolution in (Pr1-xNdx)2NiO4 Electrodes with Various
Interlayer Chemistries
E. Dogdibegovic, N. S. Alabri, C. J. Wright, J. S. Hardy, C. A. Coyle, S. Horlick,
W. Guan, J. W. Stevenson, X. D. Zhou
623
Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ / Gd0.1Ce0.9O2-δ Core/shell Nanofiber Via One-Step
Electrospinning for Cathode of LT-SOFCs
C. Kim, I. Jang, S. Kim, H. Yoon, U. Paik
637
A New Insight into the Oxygen Reduction Reaction on High Performance
Cation-Ordered PBCO Perovskite as IT-SOFC Cathode
N. Zhang, W. Li, D. Berry, W. Surdoval, D. Shekhawat, X. Liu
643
Comparison of Pr-Based Cathodes for IT-SOFCs in the Ruddlesden-Popper Family
J. M. Bassat, V. Vibhu, C. Nicollet, A. Flura, S. Fourcade, J. C. Grenier, A. Rougier
655
Electrochemical Behavior of Nanostructured La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 as Cathodes for Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells
J. Sacanell, J. Hernández Sánchez, A. E. Rubio Lopez, H. Martinelli, J. Siepe,
A. G. Leyva, V. P. Ferrari, M. Pruneda, D. Juan, D. G. Lamas
667
Counter Electrodes for Electrochemical Evaluation of LSM Electrodes under
Polarization
H. O. Finklea, J. Liu, Y. Yu, M. Yan, H. Abernathy, D. Mersing, D. Keplinger
677
xii
The Electrochemical Performance of LSM with A-site Non-Stoichiometry under
Cathodic Polarization
J. Liu, Y. Yu, T. Yang, O. Ozmen, H. Finklea, E. M. Sabolsky, H. Abernathy,
P. R. Ohodnicki Jr., G. A. Hackett
689
Chemical Analysis of Activation Process of LSM Thin Film Electrode
Y. Yu, J. Liu, H. O. Finklea, H. Abernathy, P. R. Ohodnicki Jr., T. Kalapos,
G. A. Hackett
701
High Performance (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3 Cathodes with Improved Adherence for
Metal-Supported Fuel Cells
M. Bram, D. Udomsilp, D. Roehrens, N. H. Menzler, A. K. Opitz, L. G. J. de Haart,
O. Guillon
709
Microstructural Control of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (LSCF) Cathode by Validated Kinetic
Monte Carlo Simulations
Z. Yan, S. Hara, Y. Kim, N. Shikazono
717
Composite LSF-YSZ and LSCrF-YSZ Electrode Scaffolds for Infiltrated SOFC
Cathodes
Y. Cheng, T. S. Oh, M. Rahmanipour, R. Wilson, R. J. Gorte, J. M. Vohs
729
Fabrication of Nanoparticle Networked La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ Thin Film Layer
between the Cathode and Electrolyte of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell by Using a Spin Coating
Method
I. Jang, C. Kim, S. Kim, H. Yoon, U. Paik
741
State-of-the-Art La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ Cathode for SOFC: Microstructural and
Electrochemical Properties
O. Celikbilek, L. Dessemond, E. Djurado
747
Evaluation of Electrochemical Properties of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ Porous Electrode
with Sulfur Poisoning
R. A. Budiman, T. Ishiyama, K. D. Bagarinao, H. Kishimoto, K. Yamaji, T. Horita,
H. Yokokawa
759
Effect of Deposition Temperature on the Microstructure and Performance of Vacuum
Cold Sprayed Nano-Structured LSCF Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
S. L. Zhang, Y. B. Shang, C. X. Li, C. J. Li
765
xiii
Applications of the Glycine Nitrate Combustion Method for Powder Synthesis on the
LSGM-based Electrolyte-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Y. M. Chen, T. N. Lin, M. W. Liao, H. Y. Kuo, C. Y. Yeh, W. X. Kao, S. F. Yang,
K. T. Wu, T. Ishihara
773
Effect of Surfactants on the Physico-Chemical Characteristics of IrO/Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ
Nanocomposite for SOFC Application
C. B. Njoku, B. O. Omondi, P. Ndungu
783
Study of the Rate Limiting Steps and Degradation of a GDC Impregnated
La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ Cathode
J. Ascolani-Yael, A. Montenegro-Hernandez, H. Troiani, L. V. Mogni, A. Caneiro
795
Influence of the Bias Substrate Power on the GDC Buffer Layer
E. Breaz, E. Aubry, A. Billard, N. Coton, P. Coquoz, A. Pappas, S. Diethelm,
R. Ihringer, P. Briois
807
Fluidized Bed Production of Surface Functionalized Powders for Solid Oxide Fuel
Cell Cathodes
N. Sbrockey, M. Aindow, B. Deljoo, H. Ghezel-Ayagh, A. Torabi, G. Tompa
817
Chemical Stability of La1-XSrxMn0.8Ni0.2O3-δ x={0.1 to 0.5} Cathode Compositions
with 8YSZ at High Temperature
J. P. Wiff, H. Matsuhashi, S. Suda
827
From in-Situ to in-Operando Evaluation of SOFC Cathodes for Enhanced ORR
Activity and Durability
E. D. Wachsman, G. Cohn, Y. L. Huang, C. Pellegrinelli
835
Contribution of Triple-Phase Boundary Reaction in Cathodic Reaction of Solid Oxide
Fuel Cell
Y. Fujimaki, K. Mizuno, Y. Kimura, T. Nakamura, K. D. Bagarinao, K. Yamaji,
K. Yashiro, T. Kawada, F. Iguchi, H. Yugami, K. Amezawa
847
Particle-Scaled Visualization of Active Sites in LSM/ScSZ Composite Cathode of
SOFC through Oxygen Isotope Labeling
T. Nagasawa, K. Hanamura
855
Quantitative Study of LSCF and LSM-YSZ Cathode Microstructure by FIB/SEM
Tomography
F. Wankmüller, J. Joos, M. Meffert, D. Gerthsen, E. Ivers-Tiffée
861
xiv
Theoretical Study of Oxygen Vacancy Formation at LSC/GDC Interface
T. Ishimoto, K. Sato, M. Koyama
869
Effect of Oxygen Depletion to the Cathode on the Working of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
N. Thambiraj, C. Suciu, I. Waernhus, A. Vik, A. C. Hoffmann
875
Investigation of Electrochemical Reaction Mechanism with LSC-GDC Composite
Cathode Based on 3D Reconstructed Microstructures
Y. T. Kim, N. Shikazono
889
Changes in SOFC Cathode Crystallographic Structure Induced by Oxygen Deficiency
in Cathode Room
I. Kivi, J. Aruväli, G. Nurk, E. Lust
897
Sr Surface Segregation on La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ Porous Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Cathodes
H. Wang, S. A. Barnett
905
SOFC Cathode Degradation Due to Salt Contamination
N. Thambiraj, C. Suciu, I. Waernhus, A. Vik, A. C. Hoffmann
915
The Correlation of Sulfur Distribution in LSCF and Performance Degradation under
Different Operation Temperatures
F. Wang, K. Yan, R. A. Budiman, H. Kishimoto, T. Ishiyama, K. D. Bagarinao,
K. Yamaji, T. Horita, H. Yokokawa
927
Group IVA Oxide Surface Modification of LSCF Cathode Powders by Atomic Layer
Deposition
J. F. Roeder, M. Golalikhani, A. F. Zeberoff, P. C. Van Buskirk, A. Torabi,
J. Barton, C. Willman, H. Ghezel-Ayagh, Y. Wen, K. Huang
935
LSM/YSZ Button Cell Tests in Cathode Air with Measured Cr Concentrations
J. S. Hardy, C. A. Coyle, J. J. Neeway, J. W. Stevenson
943
Numerical Study on Progress of Cr Poisoning in LSM-YSZ Cathode of a Planar Solid
Oxide Fuel Cell
H. Iwai, Y. Yamaguchi, M. Kishimoto, M. Saito, H. Yoshida
955
Mechanism of Chromium Poisoning in SOFC Cathode Investigated by Using Pattern
Thin Film Model Electrode
K. Amezawa, Y. Shindo, Y. Fujimaki, Y. Kimura, T. Nakamura, F. Iguchi,
K. Yashiro, H. Yugami, T. Kawada
965
xv
Effect of Gd-Doped Ceria Interlayer Microstructure on the Interdiffusion Behavior
Between La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ Cathodes and Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Electrolytes
J. C. De Vero, K. D. Bagarinao, H. Kishimoto, T. Ishiyama, K. Yamaji, T. Horita,
H. Yokokawa
971
The Role of Interlayer on the Catalytic Activity and Performance Stability of
(Pr1-xNdx)2NiO4 as Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
E. Dogdibegovic, N. S. Alabri, K. Tenny, C. J. Wright, J. S. Hardy, C. A. Coyle,
S. Horlick, W. Guan, J. W. Stevenson, X. D. Zhou
983
TEM and ETEM Study on SrZrO3 Formation at the LSCF/GDC/YSZ Interfaces
J. Matsuda, S. Kanae, T. Kawabata, J. T. Chou, Y. Inoue, S. Taniguchi, K. Sasaki
993
Long Term Performance Stability Tests of Ba-Fe-O Infiltrated LSM/YSZ Solid Oxide
Fuel Cells under High Steam and High Current
Y. Fan, X. Song, H. Abernathy, Y. Chen, R. Pineault, J. Liu, K. Gerdes, S. Lee,
T. Kalapos, G. A. Hackett
1003
Study of the Mechanisms of O2-Reduction and Degradation Operating on
La0.5-XPrxBa0.5CoO3-δ Cathodes for SOFCs
D. A. Garcés, H. Wang, S. A. Barnett, A. G. Leyva, L. V. Mogni
1011
Thermodynamic Stability of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ in Carbon Dioxide Impurity: A
Comprehensive Experimental and Computational Assessment
S. Darvish, Y. Zhong, S. Gopalan
1021
Chrome Poisoning of Non-Manganiferous Cathode Materials in Solid Oxide Fuel
Cells (SOFCs)
K. Schiemann, V. Vibhu, S. Yildiz, I. C. Vinke, R. A. Eichel, L. G. J. de Haart
1027
Suppression of Chromium Poisoning in SOFC Cathode Using Chromium Trapping
Materials
J. H. Lee, H. Kim, K. J. Yoon, M. Park, H. Kim, J. W. Son, B. K. Kim, H. W. Lee
1035
In-Cell Chromium Getters to Mitigate Cathode Poisoning in SOFC Stack
M. A. Uddin, A. N. Aphale, B. Hu, U. Pasaogullari, P. Singh
1039
Performance and Microstructure of a Novel Cr-Getter Material with LSCF-Based
Cells in a Generic Stack Test Fixture
Y. S. Chou, J. P. Choi, J. W. Stevenson, C. Liang, B. Hu, W. Rodriguez,
A. N. Aphale, P. Singh
1047
xvi
Low-Temperature Chromium Poisoning of SOFC Cathode
S. J. Heo, B. Hu, A. N. Aphale, M. A. Uddin, P. Singh
1055
Design and Optimization of Chromium Getter for SOFC Systems through
Computational Modeling
M. A. Uddin, C. J. Banas, C. Liang, U. Pasaogullari, K. P. Recknagle,
B. J. Koeppel, J. W. Stevenson, P. Singh
1063
Chemical and Structural Stability of SrxNiyOz Chromium Getter for Application in
SOFC Systems
A. N. Aphale, M. A. Uddin, B. Hu, C. Liang, J. Webster, P. Singh
1073
Chapter 5
Anode Materials, Fabrication and Performance
Reaction Mechanism and Rate-Determining Step Speculation of Reversible CO/CO2
Electrochemical Conversion on the Nickel Patterned Electrodes
Y. Luo, W. Li, Y. Shi, N. Cai
1085
Anode Concentration Polarization in Solid Oxide Cells as a Dissipative Process
A. Virkar
1095
Experimental and Detailed Kinetic Modeling Study of Carbon Deposition on Ni/YSZ
Anode in SOFC
H. Watanabe, M. Kanie, M. Chanthanumataporn, T. Nagasawa, K. Hanamura
1107
New Design Concept of Ni‒Doped-Ceria Cermet Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells:
Redox-Induced Self-Modification
T. Matsui, K. Eguchi, K. Shirai, T. Okanishi, H. Muroyama, K. Eguchi
1115
Microstructural and Electrochemical Characterisation of Degradation in Nickel
Impregnated Scandia-Stabilised Zirconia Electrode during Isothermal Annealing
J. Chen, E. Ruiz-Trejo, A. Atkinson, N. P. Brandon
1125
In Operando Electrochemical High-Temperature X-Ray Diffraction Study of Ni-Ce0.9
Gd0.1O2-δ Redox Properties
O. Korjus, J. Aruväli, K. Kirsimäe, I. Kivi, G. Nurk
1139
xvii
Evaluation of the Influence of Gadolinium Doped Ceria Particle Size on the
Electrochemical Performance and Microstructure of Nickel-Gadolinium Doped Ceria
Anodes
K. Miyahara, A. Sciazko, T. Shimura, Z. Jiao, N. Shikazono
1149
Ni-SDC Based Cermets for Direct Dry Reforming of Methane on SOFC Anode
T. Mishina, K. Miya, R. Kikuchi, T. Sugawara, A. Takagaki, S. T. Oyama
1161
Study on Nickel Morphological Change at Active Three-Phase-Boundary in Solid
Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Using Patterned Nickel-film Electrode
Z. Jiao, N. Shikazono
1169
Alternative SOFC Anode Materials with Ion– and Electron–Conducting Backbones for
Higher Fuel Utilization
S. Futamura, Y. Tachikawa, J. Matsuda, S. M. Lyth, Y. Shiratori, S. Taniguchi,
K. Sasaki
1179
Properties of Gadolinium-doped Ceria (GDC) Films Deposited by Reactive Magnetron
Sputtering Processes
C. Hernandez Londono, L. Combemale, F. Gao, A. Billard, P. Briois
1189
Half-Cell Study of La and Ca Doped Strontium Titanates Anode for Direct Methane
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
P. K. Tiwari, J. T. S. Irvine, S. Basu
1195
Effect of Mg/Mo Ratio in Stoichiometric Sr2MgMoO6-δ (SMM) Redox-Stable Anode
T. Thomas, H. Qi, X. Liu, J. W. Zondlo, E. M. Sabolsky, R. Hart
1205
Coke Resistant and Sulfur Tolerant Ni-based Cermet Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel
Cells
M. Li, B. Hua, S. P. Jiang, J. Li
1217
Robust Ni-based Anode Deposited with La0.6Sr0.4FeO3-δ for Direct Methane-Fueled
SOFCs
Y. Zhang, H. Fan, M. Han
1229
Electrochemcial Performances of La-Doped SrTiO3 Anode Materials for Intermediate
Temperature-Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
S. Jo, J. Yang, J. Y. Park
1237
Synthesis of Ru-doped Double Perovskite Anode for SOFC
N. K. Monteiro, G. A. S. Candido, F. C. Fonseca
1245
xviii
Degradation of SOFCs by Various Impurities: Impedance Spectroscopy and
Microstructural Analysis
Y. Kikuchi, J. Matsuda, Y. Tachikawa, Y. Shiratori, S. Taniguchi, K. Sasaki
1253
In Situ Optical Investigations of Contaminants in Operating Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
J. D. Kirtley, S. Tsoi, S. N. Qadri, D. A. Steinhurst, K. W. Reeping, R. A. Walker,
J. C. Owrutsky
1261
How Sulfur Tolerance of Two-Layered Ni/YSZ Anodes is Governed by Variations in
Microstructure and Thickness
S. Dierickx, T. Mundloch, A. Weber, E. Ivers-Tiffée
1273
Sulfur Poisoning of Ni/CGO Anodes: A Long-Term Degradation Study
M. Riegraf, R. Costa, G. Schiller, K. A. Friedrich
1285
Degradation of Metal-Supported Cells with Ni-YSZ or Ni-Ni3Sn-YSZ Anodes
Operated with Methane-Based Fuels
J. Harris, E. Lay-Grindler, C. Metcalfe, O. Kesler
1293
Distributed-Charge Transfer Model Analysis of SDC-based IT-SOFCs for the
Electrochemical Oxidation of Syngas and Biogas
M. Rahmanipour, A. Pappacena, M. Boaro, A. Donazzi
1305
Chromate-Based Oxide Anodes for Low-Temperature Operating Solid Oxide Fuel
Cells
M. H. Abdul Jabbar, I. Robinson, K. J. Pan, B. M. Blackburn, C. Pellegrinelli,
Y. L. Huang, E. D. Wachsman
1319
Iron Exsolution Phenomena in Lanthanum Strontium Ferrite SOFC Anodes
T. Götsch, C. Praty, M. Grünbacher, L. Schlicker, M. F. Bekheet, A. Doran,
A. Gurlo, M. Tada, H. Matsui, N. Ishiguro, B. Kloetzer, S. Penner
1327
Double Layered CeO2-Co3O4-CuO Based Anode for Direct Utilisation of Methane or
Ethanol in SOFC
B. J. M. Sarruf, J. E. Hong, R. Steinberger-Wilckens, P. E. V. de Miranda
1343
Methane Pulse Study on Nickel Impregnated Gadolinium Doped Ceria
M. Ouyang, P. Boldrin, N. P. Brandon
1353
Study of Sr2MgMo0.9Ni0.1O6-δ as SOFC Anode
P. K. Dager, L. V. Mogni, G. Zampieri, A. Caneiro
1367
xix
Comparative Study of Metal Impregnated Lanthanum Doped Strontium Titanate
Anodes and Conventional Nickel Oxide Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application
M. Shahid, P. K. Tiwari, S. Basu
1375
Development and Testing of Impregnated La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 Anode
Microstructures for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
R. Price, M. Cassidy, J. A. Schuler, A. Mai, J. T. S. Irvine
1385
Enhancing Anodic Catalytic Activity at High Fuel Utilization By Infiltration of Ni
Nanoparticles
S. N. Basu, Y. Lu, P. J. Gasper, S. Gopalan, U. B. Pal
1397
Nanostructured SOFC Electrode Scaffolds Prepared via High Temperature in situ
Carbon Templating of Hybrid Materials
S. P. Muhoza, T. E. Barrett, S. E. Soll, M. D. Gross
1407
Carbon-Tolerant Ni/ScCeSZ via Aqueous Tape Casting for IT- SOFCs
N. Arifin, T. Button, R. Steinberger-Wilckens
1417
Synthesis of Mo-doped CeO2 by the Combustion Method for Carbon-Air Fuel Cells
Applications: Study of Composition, Crystalline Structure and Mechanical Properties
I. Diaz-Aburto, M. Colet-Lagrille, A. Akbari-Fakhrabadi, F. Gracia
1427
Anodic Layers Based on Doped-Ceria/Ni Cermet for Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells
A. A. A. da Silva, F. N. Tabuti, L. V. Matos, M. C. Steil, F. B. Noronha,
F. C. Fonseca
1437
Cellulose Microfibrils as a Pore Former in Electroless Co-Deposited Anodes for Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells
R. J. Turnbull, N. Shearer, C. Wilson
1447
Modification of Ni-YSZ Surface with High Carbon Tolerance Using GDC
Nanoparticles
F. Wang, H. Kishimoto, T. Ishiyama, K. D. Bagarinao, K. Yamaji, T. Horita,
H. Yokokawa
1457
Microstructure Variation of Ni-YSZ by Infiltration Using Urea Precipitation Method
and Their Electrochemical Properties
J. W. Hong, C. Son, I. H. Kim, Y. Namgung, S. J. Song
1463
xx
First-Principles Study of Dopant Effect on Hydrogen Oxidation in Anode of Solid
Oxide Fuel Cell
A. M. Iskandarov, T. Tada
1469
The Effect of Fuel Electrode Roughness On the Properties of Plasma Sprayed Solid
Oxide Cells
J. Kuhn, M. Gupta, O. Kesler, S. Björklund
1477
Effect of YSZ Volume on Polarization Resistance of Anode with Magnetically
Aligned Ni
K. Nagato, K. Shintani, N. Shikazono, T. Shimura, M. Nakao
1489
Enhanced Activity and Stability of Ni-Based Binary Anode in Direct NH3-Fueled
SOFCs
M. Hashinokuchi, M. Zhang, R. Yokochi, T. Doi, M. Inaba
1495
Anode Fluidization of a Liquid Tin Anode SOFC Operated on Simulated Syngas
T. Cao, Y. Shi, N. Cai
1501
High Efficiency Direct Ammonia Type Fuel Cells based on BaZrxCe0.8-XY0.2O3/Pd
Oxide-Metal Junctions
Y. Aoki, T. Yamaguchi, S. Kobayashi, C. Zhu, H. Habazaki
1511
Effect of Infiltrated Transition Metals in Ni/Sm-Doped CeO2 Cermets Anode in Direct
NH3-Fueled SOFCs
M. Zhang, M. Hashinokuchi, R. Yokochi, T. Doi, M. Inaba
1517
Effect of Exchange Current Density on Current Distribution at Planar-Type SOFC
Anodes
K. Takino, Y. Tachikawa, Y. Shiratori, S. Taniguchi, K. Sasaki
1523
Analysis of Gas Leakage and Current Loss of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Screen
Printing
C. Jia, M. Han, M. Chen
1533
Chapter 6
Interconnect, Contact and Sealing Materials
Interconnect Corrosion in Steam Containing Fuel Gas
C. Folgner, V. Sauchuk, S. Megel, M. Kusnezoff, A. Michaelis
1543
xxi
Influence of Pre-Oxidation on Dual Atmosphere Effect on AISI 441 Interconnects for
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications
C. Goebel, P. Alnegren, R. L. Faust, J. E. Svensson, J. Froitzheim
1559
Modelling Microstructural and Chemical Degradation of Ferritic Stainless Steels for
SOFC Interconnects
M. Oum, J. Andrews, R. Steinberger-Wilckens
1565
Nano-Oxide Dispersed Ferritic Stainless Steel for Metallic Interconnects of Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells
M. T. Mehran, R. H. Song, J. W. Lee, M. Z. Khan, S. B. Lee, J. W. Lee, T. H. Lim,
J. E. Hong, S. J. Park
1575
MCO-Coated Interconnects for Mitigation of Cr-Poisoning in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
H. He, S. Benhaddad, D. Steedman, C. Chen, M. Krivy
1583
MCO-Coated Interconnects: Stack Testing and Results
S. Benhaddad, H. He, C. Chen, D. Steedman
1591
Self-Healing of Precoated AISI 441 for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnects at
Intermediate Temperatures
R. Berger, M. W. Lundberg, J. Westlinder
1599
Metallic Thin-Film Co- and Ce/Co-Coated Steels as Interconnect Material in IT-SOFC
H. Falk Windisch, J. E. Svensson, J. Froitzheim
1607
In-Situ Observation of Co-Ce Coated Metallic Interconnect Oxidation Combined with
High-Resolution Post Exposure Analysis
S. Poitel, Z. Wang, M. Willinger, J. Van herle, C. Hébert
1615
Electrically Conductive and Protective Coating for Planar SOFC Stacks
J. P. Choi, J. W. Stevenson
1633
Effect of Alloy Composition on the Oxidation Behaviour and Cr Vaporisation of High-
Cr Steels for SOFC Cathode Air Preheater
K. Zhang, J. E. Hong, R. Steinberger-Wilckens
1641
Atmospheric Plasma-Sprayed La0.3Sr0.7TiO3-δ Interconnect for High-Temperature
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
X. Chen, S. L. Zhang, C. X. Li, G. J. Yang, C. J. Li
1653
xxii
Chromium Poisoning of Cathodes in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and its Mitigation
Employing CuMn1.8O4 Spinel Coatings on Interconnects
R. Wang, Z. Sun, Y. Lu, U. B. Pal, S. N. Basu, S. Gopalan
1665
Long Term (4 Years) Performance of Co/Ce Coated 441 for SOFC Interconnect
Applications
C. Goebel, R. Berger, M. W. Lundberg, J. Westlinder, J. E. Svensson, J. Froitzheim
1675
Characteristics of New Nickel Porous Alloy for Cathode Current Collector in Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells
C. Hiraiwa, H. Tawarayama, T. Higashino, K. Okuno, M. Majima
1681
LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3 as Cathode Contacting Material: Effect on Anode Supported Cell
Performances
R. Spotorno, P. Piccardo, R. Costa, F. Han, G. Schiller
1689
Structural Reliability of Cathode Contact Materials in Planar SOFCs
N. K. Karri, B. J. Koeppel, B. N. Nguyen, K. Lai
1701
Novel Approach to Strengthening Ceramic Cathode Contact and Validation in a
Generic Stack Test Fixture
Y. S. Chou, J. F. Bonnett, J. W. Stevenson
1713
Thermal Aging Effect on the Joint Strength between an SOFC Glass-Ceramic Sealant
and LSM-Coated Metallic Interconnect
F. L. Hou, C. K. Lin, A. Sugeta, H. Akebono, S. H. Wu, P. Yang, R. Y. Lee
1721
Glass Shape Change during Firing for Improving the Seal of Planar SOFCs
Y. Wakita, Y. Tachikawa, H. Nakajima, K. Ito
1731
A Novel SOFC/SOEC Sealing Glass with a Low SiO2 Content and a High Thermal
Expansion Coefficient
R. Kiebach, K. Agersted, P. Zielke, I. Ritucci, M. B. Brock, P. V. Hendriksen
1739
Effect of YSZ Coatings as Diffusion Barrier between Glass Sealing and Steel
R. Spotorno, E. Fracchia, G. Schiller, P. Piccardo
1749
Reactive-Element-Free, Silver-Based Brazes for SOFC Applications
Q. Zhou, T. R. Bieler, J. D. Nicholas
1759
xxiii
Chapter 7
Cell Designs, Fabrication, Performance and Durability
PVD-Deposited Micro-SOFC Model Systems
T. Götsch, T. Schachinger, R. Kaindl, S. Penner
1771
A Novel Method to Fabricate Inert Substrate-Supported Microtubular Solid Oxide
Fuel Cells by Selective Leaching
N. Hedayat, D. Panthi, Y. Du
1781
SOC Development at Forschungszentrum Jülich
L. Blum, Q. Fang, L. G. J. de Haart, J. Malzbender, N. Margaritis, N. H. Menzler,
R. Peters
1791
Update on Nexceris' SOFC Stack Technology
G. Arkenberg, S. Swartz, C. Sellers
1805
Development of an Advanced Flexible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack Concept
N. Minh
1815
Toward a New Generation of Intermediate-Temperature Fuel Cells
M. Liu, Y. Chen, S. Yoo, B. Rainwater, L. Zhang, B. deGlee, B. Dolye
1821
Novel Approaches to Prepare the High Performance Dense Electolyte and Interconnect
Applicable to SOFC by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying
C. J. Li, X. Chen, S. L. Zhang, C. X. Li, G. J. Yang
1831
Fabrication of Thin Electrodic Films by Solution Aerosol Thermolysis (SAT)
A. Krestou, I. Giozis, G. Maroulis, V. Kyriakou, C. Tsanaktsidis, N. E. Kiratzis
1839
Corrugated Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces in SOFC: Theoretical and Experimental
Development
A. Chesnaud, F. Delloro, M. Geagea, A. P. Abellard, J. Ouyang, D. Li, T. Shi,
B. Chi, R. Ihringer, M. Cassir, A. Thorel
1851
Innovative Temperature Management of SOFC Stacks
U. Bossel
1865
Development of Small Power Sources Based on a Micro-SOFC System Operated on
Liquid Fuels for Mobile Electric Devices
S. Takahara, K. Kato, F. Iguchi, M. Shimizu, H. Yugami
1871
xxiv
Fabrication and Characterization of High Performance Intermediate Temperature
Micro-Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
C. Ren, Y. Gan, M. Lee, C. Yang, F. He, Y. Jiang, G. Dong, R. Green, X. Xue
1879
Fabrication and Electrochemical Characterization of Freeze-Cast Tubular Solid Oxide
Fuel Cells
Y. Du, J. Persky, K. Zhao, H. Ilkhani, T. Woodson, B. Emley, N. Hedayat
1885
Advances in Low Temperature Coatings for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Components
N. J. Kidner, S. Ibanez, M. M. Seabaugh, S. Swartz
1897
Developing Redox Stability of Ceramic Anode Supported Intermediate Temperature
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Y. Kim, S. Y. Jo, J. Y. Park
1903
Morphology and Structure of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Components Fabricated
by Spray Pyrolysis
G. Tsimekas, E. Papastergiades, N. E. Kiratzis
1909
Preparation of Freeze Cast T-SOFCs and a Universal Electrochemical Testing Fixture
B. Emley, T. Woodson, A. Bose, Y. Du
1923
Microwave Assisted Pyrolysis of Waste Tires: Study and Design of Half-Cells SOFCs
with Low Environmental Impact
M. Passaponti, L. Rosi, M. Frediani, E. Salvietti, A. De Luca, A. Giaccherini,
M. Innocenti
1933
Methane-Fueled Proton-Conducting Ceramic Fuel Cell Stacks
H. Ding, L. Q. Le, N. P. Sullivan
1941
Effects of Non-Proton-Conducting Anode Supports on the Performance of Thin-Film
Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells
K. Bae, D. H. Kim, D. Y. Jang, H. J. Choi, J. W. Son, J. H. Shim
1945
A Direct Methane Fuel Cell with Double-Layered Electrolyte Using Proton
Conducting Oxide
Y. Okuyama, S. Kawano, G. Sakai, N. Matsunaga, Y. Mizutani
1953
Comparing the Expected Stack Cost of Next Generation Intermediate Temperature
Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells with Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology
A. Dubois, S. Ricote, R. J. Braun
1963
xxv
Hole-Proton Mixed Conduction of Perovskite-Oxide Thin Film with Oxygen
Vacancies and Lattice Distortion for SOFC Electrode
T. Higuchi, S. Furuichi, W. Namiki, M. Takayanagi, M. Minohara, K. Horiba,
H. Kumigashira, T. Tsuchiya
1973
Nanoparticles Infiltration into SOFC Cathode Backbones
J. Dailly, A. Delrue, M. Ancelin, M. Marrony
1979
Metal Supported SOFCs: Electrochemical Performance under Various Testing
Conditions
M. Haydn, C. Bischof, D. Udomsilp, A. K. Opitz, G. Bimashofer, W. Schafbauer,
M. Brandner, M. Bram
1993
Development of High Efficiency Steel Cell Technology for Multiple Applications
R. T. Leah, A. Bone, E. Hammer, A. Selcuk, M. Rahman, A. Clare, L. Rees,
N. Lawrence, A. Ballard, T. Domanski, S. Mukerjee, M. Selby
2005
Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with High Power Density
M. C. Tucker
2015
Fabrication of 100 Centimeter Square Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Using
Thermal Plasma Technique
S. F. Yang, C. S. Hwang, C. H. Tsai, C. L. Chang, M. H. Wu, C. Y. Fu, R. Y. Lee
2021
Towards High Power Density Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell for Mobile
Applications
J. Nielsen, A. H. Persson, T. T. Muhl, K. Brodersen
2029
Fabrication of Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Sinter-Joining Method with
Silver Bonding Layer
S. Lee, Y. H. Jang, H. Shin, J. Bae
2039
Development and Evaluation of 3-Layer Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Short
Stack
Y. H. Jang, S. Lee, H. Shin, J. Bae
2045
Fabrication of Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (MS-SOFC) with Ceria and
Zirconia Based Electrolytes
S. Y. Toor, E. Croiset
2051
xxvi
Study on the Fabrication and Performance of Very Low Pressure Plasma Sprayed
Porous Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
J. T. Gao, Y. P. Wang, C. X. Li, S. L. Zhang, G. J. Yang, C. J. Li
2059
Investigation of Fe-Cr-Al Alloy for Metal Supported SOFC
H. C. Pham, S. Taniguchi, Y. Inoue, J. T. Chou, J. Matsuda, K. Sasaki
2069
Quality Assurance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) and Electrolyser (SOEC) Stacks
M. Lang, C. Auer, K. Couturier, X. Sun, S. J. McPhail, T. Malkow, Q. Fu, Q. Liu
2077
Parametrical Coordinates and Microsamples to Investigate Real SOFCs in Operating
Stacks
P. Piccardo, R. Spotorno, J. P. Ouweltjes, Z. Stoynov, D. Vladikova
2087
Evolutionary Programming Based Approach for SOFC Cathode Characterization: A
Case Study on Co-Free Mixed Conducting Perovskites
A. Oz, D. Gelman, Y. Tsur, K. Singh, V. Thangadurai
2099
Segmented Electrode Analysis of an Anode-Supported Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
for the Diagnosis of Marine Power Applications
H. Nakajima, T. Kitahara, E. Tsuda
2109
Development of a Segmented Single SOFC Test Equipment to Simulate Stack-Like
Operating Conditions
M. Hauth, D. Schaffer, N. Soukup, A. Gitz, C. Dufour, M. Rachinger, C. Fink
2115
Concentration Impedance in Testing of Solid Oxide Cells Revisited
M. B. Mogensen, S. D. Ebbesen, S. H. Jensen, X. Sun, A. Hauch, M. Chen
2133
Determination of Temperature and Fuel Utilization Distributions in SOFC Stacks with
EIS
J. Tallgren, C. Boigues Muñoz, J. Mikkola, O. Himanen, J. Kiviaho
2141
Distribution of Relaxation Times Analysis for Optimization of Anode Thickness in
Metal-Supported Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
H. Sumi, H. Shimada, Y. Yamaguchi, T. Yamaguchi
2151
A Method for Quantitative 3D Mesoscale Analysis of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Microstructures Using Xe-plasma Focused Ion Beam (PFIB) Coupled with SEM
R. Mahbub, T. Hsu, W. K. Epting, N. T. Nuhfer, G. A. Hackett, H. Abernathy,
A. D. Rollett, M. De Graef, S. Litster, P. A. Salvador
2159
xxvii
Short Stack Kit for the Open Flange™ Set-up Using Soft Mica Seals
P. Coquoz, N. Coton, F. Cottier, A. Pappas, H. Middleton, R. Ihringer
2171
Mechanical Strength Evaluation of YSZ, GDC and LSCF under SOFC Operating
Conditions
S. Watanabe, K. Sato, F. Iguchi, K. Yashiro, T. Hashida, T. Kawada
2181
In Situ Measured Spatial Temperature Variations for Improving Reliability of
Numerical SOFC Tools
Ö. Aydın, H. Nakajima, T. Kitahara
2191
In-Situ Analysis of the in-Plane Current Distribution Difference between
Electrolyte-Supported and Anode-Supported Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by
Segmented Electrodes
T. Ochiai, H. Nakajima, T. Karimata, T. Kitahara, K. Ito, Y. Ogura
2203
Achievements of NEDO Projects on SOFC Durability
H. Yokokawa
2211
Diffusion-Related SOFC Stack Degradation
N. H. Menzler, A. Beez, N. Grünwald, D. Sebold, Q. Fang, R. Vaßen
2223
Production and Reliability Oriented SOFC Cell and Stack Design
M. Hauth, V. Lawlor, P. Cartellieri, C. Zechmeister, S. Wolff, C. Bucher,
J. Malzbender, J. Wei, A. Weber, G. Tsotridis, H. L. Frandsen, K. Kwok,
T. T. Molla, Z. Wuillemin, J. Van herle, F. Greco, T. Cornu, A. Nakajo, A. Atkinson,
L. Vandeperre, X. Wang
2231
Hybrid Approach to Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack
B. Dolenc, P. Boškoski, A. Pohjoranta, M. Noponen, Đ. Juričić
2251
Design of Leakage Gas Induction Channels for Reliable Planar-Type Solid Oxide Fuel
Cell Stacks
H. Yoon, I. Jang, C. Kim, S. Kim, U. Paik
2265
The Effects of Component Tolerances on the Thermo-Mechanical Reliability of SOFC
Stacks
F. Greco, A. Nakajo, Z. Wuillemin, J. Van herle
2271
Mechanical Properties of SOFC Anode Support Materials at Operating Conditions
P. Stanley, T. H. Hays, T. Langdo, E. D. Wachsman
2285
xxviii
An Analytical Model for Investigations on the Stress Distribution in Planar Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells
V. Guski, K. Iritsuki, M. Kamijo, S. Schmauder
2293
Materials Properties for the Simulation of Electro-Chemo-Mechanical Coupling
Behavior of SOFC
K. Yashiro, T. Kawada, S. Watanabe, M. Muramatsu, T. Sakamoto, S. I. Hashimoto,
K. Terada, M. Sato, T. Hashida, K. Sato, F. Iguchi, H. Yugami, K. Amezawa,
T. Nakamura, Y. Kimura, A. Unemoto
2309
Analyzing the Mechanical Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells at Interfacial
Anode/Electrolyte Regions Using Sub-Micron Resolution 3D X-Ray Computed
Tomography
T. M. M. Heenan, J. B. Robinson, X. Lu, J. J. Bailey, D. J. L. Brett, P. R. Shearing
2317
Prediction of Performance Degradation Due to Grain Coarsening Effects in Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells
J. H. Mason, I. B. Celik, S. Lee, H. Abernathy, G. A. Hackett
2323
Evaluation of Impurity Levels in Cathodes of Seven Different SOFC Stacks and
Modules before and after Long-Term Operation
K. Yamaji, T. Ishiyama, K. D. Bagarinao, H. Kishimoto, T. Horita, H. Yokokawa
2337
Degradation Analysis of SOFC Stack Performance: Investigation of Cathode Sulfur
Poisoning Due to Contamination in Air
M. Yoshikawa, T. Yamamoto, K. Yasumoto, Y. Mugikura
2347
Evaluation of Mechanical Damages in SOFCs during Start/Stop Operation by Using
Acoustic Emission Technique
K. Kumada, K. Sato, T. Hashida
2355
Fuel Cells and the Self Ignition Temperature of Hydrogen
U. Bossel
2365
Barium Oxide (BaO) Infiltrated Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide
(LSM)-Gadolinium Doped Ceria (GDC) Solid Oxide Electrochemical Reduction Cells
(SOERC) for Reduced Diesel NOx Emissions
Y. Zhang, J. D. Nicholas
2381
Galvanostatic EFM: A New Approach for Testing and Monitoring Fuel Cells
D. J. Moosbauer, X. Zhang, M. Yaffe
2391
xxix
Chapter 8
Fuel Compatibility and Alternative Fuels
Evaluation of Performance and Heat Balance of Dry Reforming SOFC System
T. Kushi, M. Ohashi, R. Kato, T. Ito, S. Inagaki, S. Amaha
2409
Zirconium-Palladium Interactions during Dry Reforming of Methane
N. Köpfle, L. Mayr, P. Lackner, M. Schmid, D. Schmidmair, T. Götsch, S. Penner,
B. Kloetzer
2419
Development of Flexible Catalyst Material for Internal Dry Reforming
N. T. G. Huong, T. D. To, M. Sakamoto, T. D. C. Doan, C. M. Dang, T. Q. Tran,
K. Sasaki, Y. Shiratori
2431
Development of Cell-Protecting Methods for Carbon-Removal from Porous Ni-YSZ
Anodes and Regeneration of the Cell Performance
V. Subotic, B. Stoeckl, C. Schluckner, S. Pofahl, V. Lawlor, H. Schroettner,
C. Hochenauer
2441
In-Operando Detection of Carbon Depositions and Carbon Formation Predictions for
Industrial-Sized SOFCs Fueled with Synthetic Diesel Reformate
V. Subotic, C. Schluckner, B. Stoeckl, D. Reichholf, V. Lawlor, S. Pofahl,
H. Schroettner, C. Hochenauer
2451
Nanoparticle Surface Modification Enhanced Anode Performance in
La1.7Sr0.3Fe0.9Ru0.1O4 for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
J. Zhou, Y. Wan, J. Wang, Z. Zong, Z. Zhang, K. Wu, Y. Cheng
2461
Advanced Direct Internal Reforming Concepts for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Running
with Biogas
D. L. Tran, A. Kubota, M. Sakamoto, Q. T. Tran, K. Sasaki, Y. Shiratori
2467
Analysis of Transient Response of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Anode Off-Gas
Recycle
T. Terayama, T. Kato, A. Momma, Y. Tanaka
2477
Development and Test of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Subsystem with a Low Temperature
Anode Off-Gas Recirculation
R. Peters, M. Engelbracht, W. Tiedemann, I. Hoven, R. Deja, V. N. Nguyen,
L. Blum, D. Stolten
2489
xxx
Fuel Composition in Pressurized SOFCs
A. Muramoto, Y. Kikuchi, Y. Tachikawa, Y. Shiratori, S. Taniguchi, K. Sasaki
2497
Internal Reforming of Methane Fuel within Proton-Conducting Ceramic Anode
Supports
L. Q. Le, N. P. Sullivan
2505
Anodic Performance of La0.5Sr0.5Mn0.9Al0.1O3 Perovskite Oxide for Solid Oxide Fuel
Cells Using Dry C3H8 Fuel
T. Ishihara, A. M. K. Bahrain, K. T. Wu
2511
A High Performance Low Temperature Direct Carbon Fuel Cell
W. Wu, D. Ding, M. Fan, T. He
2519
Influence of Cell Design on the Performance of Direct Ammonia-Fueled Solid Oxide
Fuel Cell: Anode- vs. Electrolyte-Supported Cell
V. Singh, H. Muroyama, T. Matsui, K. Eguchi
2527
Development of Ammonia-Fueled SOFC
E. Satomi, H. Iwai, S. Suzuki, T. Koide, Y. Takahashi, K. Eguchi
2537
Chapter 9
Cell, Stack and System Modeling and Simulation
Network Analysis of Fuel Cell Heat Engine Distributed Energy Systems
M. C. Williams, R. Gemmen
2543
Effect of Carbon-Neutral Fuel Fed Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System on CO2 Emission
Reduction
Y. Tachikawa, Y. Matsuzaki, Y. Kawabata, M. Sugahara, T. Somekawa,
S. Taniguchi, K. Sasaki
2563
Numerical Investigation for 1kW-Class FT-SOFC System to Evaluate the Compact
Size Integrated Hotbox Design
K. Rashid, S. K. Dong, M. T. Mehran
2569
Modeling of Methanol-Fueled SOFC with Anode Offgas Recycling for Simplified
System Design
S. Larose, R. Labrecque, P. J. Mangin
2581
xxxi
Use of a Reduced Order Model (ROM) to Simulate SOFC Performance in System
Models
B. J. Koeppel, C. Lai, A. K. S. Iyengar, Z. Xu, C. Wang, G. A. Hackett
2595
Automated SOFC Design Exploration
C. A. Lueth, C. F. Walchshofer
2607
Performance Evaluation Method of SOFC Power Unit with Anode Off-Gas
Recirculation
A. P. Baskakov, Y. V. Volkova, V. A. Munts, M. Ershov
2621
Minimizing the Influence of Experimental Uncertainty for Delivered Methane/Steam
Reforming Kinetic Equation by the Optimized Design of Experimentation
A. Sciazko, Y. Komatsu, G. A. Brus, N. Shikazono, S. Kimijima, J. S. Szmyd
2633
A Multi-Scale Modelling Approach and Experimental Calibration Applied to
Commercial SOFCs
L. Mastropasqua, A. Donazzi, S. Campanari
2645
Three-Dimensional Modelling of a Microtubular SOFC: A Multiphysics Approach
O. Hodjati-Pugh, A. Dhir, R. Steinberger-Wilckens
2659
A Non-Isothermal 2D Stationary FEM Model for Hydrocarbon Fueled SOFCs Stack
Layers
N. Russner, H. Geisler, S. Dierickx, A. Weber, E. Ivers-Tiffée
2673
Computational Analysis of Dynamic Tubular SOFC with a Built-in Chemical Iron Bed
X. Jin, M. Guo, R. E. White, K. Huang
2683
Multi-Physics Simulation of SOFC Button Cell with Multi-Step Charge Transfer
Model in Composite LSM/YSZ Cathode
T. Yang, J. Liu, H. O. Finklea, H. Abernathy, G. A. Hackett
2699
Towards Quantification of Local Electrochemical Parameters in Microstructures of
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrodes using High Performance Computations
T. Hsu, R. Mahbub, W. K. Epting, H. Abernathy, G. A. Hackett, A. D. Rollett,
S. Litster, P. A. Salvador
2711
Linking Initial Microstructure to Microstructure Evolution and Conductivity Change in
SOFC Electrodes: A Phase Field Simulation
Y. Lei, T. L. Cheng, Y. Wen
2723
xxxii
Investigation of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ Electrode Performance and Microstructural
Evolutions Based on Three Dimensional Microstructure Reconstruction and
Electrochemical Simulation
T. Shimura, A. He, Y. Kim, Z. Jiao, N. Shikazono
2741
Numerical Simulation of LSCF-GDC Composite Cathodes with
Various Microstructures
A. He, Y. Kim, N. Shikazono
2751
A Reactive Force Field (ReaxFF) for Molecular Dynamics Simulations of NiO
Reduction in H2 Environments
S. Oberhoffer, A. M. Iskandarov, Y. Umeno
2765
Engineering FEA Sintering Model Development for Metal Supported SOFC
R. Chatzimichail, R. Dawson, S. Green, D. Sullivan, S. Mukerjee, M. Selby
2773
Pore-Scale Analysis of Diffusion Transport Parameters in Digitally Reconstructed
SOFC Anodes with Gradient Porosity in the Main Flow Direction
M. Espinoza, B. Sundén, M. Andersson
2785
Density Functional Theory Modeling of A-site Cation Diffusion in Bulk LaMnO3±δ for
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathodes
Y. L. Lee, Y. Duan, D. Morgan, D. Sorescu, H. Abernathy, G. A. Hackett
2797
First-Principles Studies of Oxygen Vacancy Interactions and Their Impact on Oxygen
Migration in Lanthanum Strontium Ferrite
T. Das, J. D. Nicholas, Y. Qi
2807
Full Atomistic Kinetic Monte Carlo and First Principles Study on Electromotive Force
of SOFC with Direct Counting Approach
T. Tada
2815
Predicting MSR Rates in SOFCs Using Experimental Data and CFD Methods
L. van Biert, A. Thallam Tattai, P. V. Aravind
2823
Multi-Scale, Multi-Physics Approach for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Reaction
S. Liu, S. Liu, L. C. Saha, A. M. Iskandarov, Z. Jiao, S. Hara, T. Ishimoto, T. Tada,
Y. Umeno, N. Shikazono, S. Matsumura, M. Koyama
2835
Numerical Analysis of Ammonia-Fueled Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
M. Kishimoto, T. Kume, H. Iwai, H. Yoshida
2845
xxxiii
Modified Butler-Volmer Type Model Which Accounts for Triple and Double Phase
Boundary Reaction Pathways
J. H. Mason, I. B. Celik, H. Abernathy, G. A. Hackett
2855
Theoretical Investigation of the Electronic, Structural, Optical and Thermodynamic
Properties of LaxSr1-xTiO3 (x=0, 0.125, 0.25)
Y. Duan, P. R. Ohodnicki Jr., B. Chorpening, H. Abernathy, G. A. Hackett
2865
Chapter 10
Solid Oxide Electrolysis and Reversible Cells
eCOs - A Commercial CO2 Electrolysis System Developed by Haldor Topsoe
R. Küngas, P. Blennow, T. Heiredal-Clausen, T. Holt, J. Rass-Hansen, S. Primdahl,
J. B. Hansen
2879
Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Stack with 20,000 h of Operation
Q. Fang, L. Blum, N. H. Menzler, D. Stolten
2885
Systematic Lifetime Testing of Stacks in CO2 Electrolysis
R. Küngas, P. Blennow, T. Heiredal-Clausen, T. Holt, J. Rass-Hansen, S. Primdahl
2895
Field Demonstration of a Novel Reversible SOFC System for Islanded Microgrid
Energy Storage
J. Mermelstein, C. Cannova, M. Cruz, B. Anderson
2907
Renewable Energy-Driven Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Systems for Grid-Energy
Storage and Power-to-Gas Applications
E. Reznicek, R. J. Braun
2913
Process Design Study of Reversible Solid Oxide Cell (r-SOC) System for Coupling
Energy Storage and Hydrogen Economy Supply Chain
S. Santhanam, M. Heddrich, M. Riedel, K. A. Friedrich
2925
Development of High Efficient Multi Fuel Reversible Solid Oxide Electrolyzer
Systems
R. Schauperl, B. Defner, J. Rechberger, N. Soukup
2933
Green Industrial Hydrogen via Reversible High-Temperature Electrolysis
K. Schwarze, O. Posdziech, S. Kroop, N. Lapeña-Rey, J. Mermelstein
2943
xxxiv
Oxygen Production from Mars Atmosphere Carbon Dioxide Using Solid Oxide
Electrolysis
J. Hartvigsen, S. Elangovan, J. Elwell, D. Larsen
2953
Exergy Efficiency Analysis of a Power-to-Methane System Coupling Water
Electrolysis and Sabatier Reaction
Y. Luo, X. Y. Wu, Y. Shi, A. F. Ghoniem, N. Cai
2965
Dynamic Sub-Thermoneutral Voltage Operation of Solid Oxide Electrolysis with
Alternative Heat Addition
D. McVay, L. Zhao, J. Brouwer
2975
System Approach of a Pressurized High-Temperature Electrolysis
J. Brabandt, O. Posdziech
2987
Modeling of a Novel Catalytic Supercritical Water Gasification Power Plant
Combined with Reversible Solid Oxide Cell
M. Recalde, G. Botta, A. Fernandes, T. Woudstra, P. V. Aravind
2997
The Exploration of Working Reactions for Electrolysers Using Statistical Mechanics
M. C. Williams, G. Richards, R. Gemmen
3009
Optimization of ESC Performance for Co-Electrolysis Operation
N. Trofimenko, M. Kusnezoff, A. Michaelis
3025
Evaluation of Performance and Degradation Profiles of a Metal Supported Solid Oxide
Fuel Cell under Electrolysis Operation
A. Nechache, F. Han, R. Semerad, G. Schiller, R. Costa
3039
Microstructural Characterization of Ni/YSZ Electrodes in a Solid Oxide Electrolysis
Stack Tested for 9000 Hours
M. Trini, P. S. Jørgensen, A. Hauch, M. Chen, P. V. Hendriksen
3049
Development of a Solid Oxide Electrolysis Stack Able to Operate at High Steam
Conversion Rate and Integration into a SOE System
J. Mougin, S. Di Iorio, A. Chatroux, T. Donnier-Marechal, G. Palcoux,
M. Petitjean, G. Roux
3065
Thermoneutral Operation of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells in Potentiostatic Mode
M. Chen, X. Sun, C. Chatzichristodoulou, S. Koch, P. V. Hendriksen,
M. B. Mogensen
3077
xxxv
Co-Electrolysis with CFY-Stacks
S. Megel, C. Dosch, S. Rothe, C. Folgner, N. Trofimenko, A. Rost, M. Kusnezoff,
E. Reichelt, M. Jahn, A. Michaelis, C. Bienert, M. Brandner
3089
Experimental Characterization of Low Temperature Solid Oxide Cell Stack
J. Tallgren, O. Himanen, M. Noponen
3103
Measurement and Numerical Simulation of Temperature Distributions of a
Micro-Tubular SOEC during H2O/CO2 Co-Electrolysis
A. Maeda, K. Watanabe, T. Araki, M. Mori
3113
Electrochemical Performance of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells with LSCF6428-
SDC/SDC Electrode for H2O/CO2 High Temperature Co-Electrolysis
Y. S. Yoo, S. Y. Jeon, M. A. Park, J. Lee, Y. Lee
3123
Kinetic Modelling of Catalytic Reactions in Solid Oxide Cells: Study of Its Coupling
with Electrochemistry for Steam and CO2 Co-Electrolysis and Steam Reforming
P. Thibaudeau, A. C. Roger, S. Thomas, J. Laurencin, M. Petitjean, G. Roux
3129
Co-Electrolysis, Quo Vadis?
S. R. Foit, L. Dittrich, V. Vibhu, I. C. Vinke, R. A. Eichel, L. G. J. de Haart
3139
Electrochemical Upgrading of Bio-Oil
S. Elangovan, D. Larsen, I. Bay, E. Mitchell, J. Hartvigsen, B. Millett, J. Elwell,
D. Santosa, D. C. Elliott
3149
Methane Partial Oxidation-Assisted H2O/CO2 Co-Electrolysis for Syngas Production
in Both Electrodes
Y. Wang, M. Han
3159
Solid Oxide Cell Degradation Operated in Fuel Cell and Electrolysis Modes: A
Comparative Study on Ni Agglomeration and LSCF Destabilization
M. Hubert, J. Laurencin, P. Cloetens, J. Mougin, D. Ferreira Sanchez, S. Pylypko,
M. Morales, A. Morata, B. Morel, D. Montinaro, E. Siebert, F. Lefebvre-Joud
3167
Life Testing of Ni-YSZ Fuel Electrodes under Electrolysis, Fuel Cell, and Current
Switching Operation
Q. Liu, H. Wang, D. Kennouche, C. Riscoe, D. Butts, S. A. Barnett
3179
Important Roles of Ceria-Based Materials on Durability of Hydrogen and Oxygen
Electrodes for Reversible SOEC/SOFC
H. Uchida, P. Puengjinda, K. Shimura, H. Nishino, K. Kakinuma, M. E. Brito
3189
xxxvi
High Temperature Co-Electrolysis of CO2 and Water on Doped Lanthanum Chromites
K. M. Papazisi, D. Tsiplakides, S. Balomenou
3197
Evolution of 3-D Transport Pathways and Triple-Phase Boundaries in the Ni-YSZ
Hydrogen Electrode upon Fuel Cell or Electrolysis Cell Operation
A. Nakajo, A. P. Cocco, M. B. DeGostin, P. Burdet, A. A. Peracchio, B. N. Cassenti,
M. Cantoni, J. Van herle, W. K. S. Chiu
3205
High Performance Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells with Hierarchically Porous Ni-YSZ
Electrode
L. Lei, Y. Chen, Y. Zhang, T. Liu, Y. Wang, F. Chen
3217
Development of Ceramic Materials and Application of Novel Physical Analysis
Methods to Enhance Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells
E. Lust, K. Lillmaa, G. Nurk, R. Kanarbik, P. Möller, I. Kivi, M. Vestli, M. Maide,
O. Korjus, L. K. Salvan, F. Kukk
3229
Ceramic Fuel Electrodes for Reversible Solid Oxide Cells Operating on Carbon
Dioxide
S. Balomenou, K. M. Papazisi, D. Tsiplakides
3237
Investigation of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Electrodes for Methane Synthesis
N. Fujiwara, R. Kikuchi, A. Takagaki, T. Sugawara, S. T. Oyama
3247
Carbon Tolerant Double Site Doped Perovskite Cathodes for High-Temperature
Electrolysis Cells
B. Hu, A. N. Aphale, C. Liang, S. J. Heo, M. A. Uddin, P. Singh
3257
Modified NiO/GDC Cermets as Possible Cathode Electrocatalysts for H2O
Electrolysis and H2O/CO2 Co-Electrolysis Processes in SOECs
E. T. Ioannidou, C. S. Neofytides, S. G. Neophytides, D. K. Niakolas
3267
Dependence of Syngas Composition on Microstructure of La0.8Sr0.2Cr0.5Mn0.5O3–δ
Based Cathode for CO2 and H2O Co-Electrolysis
M. Maide, K. Lillmaa, G. Nurk, E. Lust
3275
LSC Infiltrated LSCF Oxygen Electrode for High Temperature Steam Electrolysis
V. Vibhu, S. Yildiz, S. R. Foit, K. Schiemann, I. C. Vinke, R. A. Eichel,
L. G. J. de Haart
3283
xxxvii
Strontium Migration at the GDC-YSZ Interface of Solid Oxide Cells in SOFC and
SOEC Modes
G. Rinaldi, A. Nakajo, J. Van herle, P. Burdet, E. Oveisi, M. Cantoni
3297
Evaluation of Electrochemical Properties of LSCF Electrode with GDC Barrier Layer
under both Fuel Cell and H2O/CO2 Co-Electrolysis Modes
H. Fan, Y. Zhang, M. Han
3309
Mechanical, Structural, and Thermal Qualification of Solid Oxide Elextrolysis for
Oxygen Production from Mars Atmosphere Carbon Dioxide
J. Hartvigsen, S. Elangovan, J. Elwell, D. Larsen, L. M. Clark, T. Meaders
3317
Electrochemical Performance of Infiltrated Cu-GDC and Cu-PDC Cathode for CO2
Electrolysis in a Solid Oxide Cell
N. Kumari, P. K. Tiwari, M. A. Haider, S. Basu
3329
Long Term Tests of Ni-YSZ|YSZ|GDC|Pr0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ in SOFC and SOEC Regimes
G. Nurk, F. Kukk, R. Kanarbik, P. Möller, E. Lust
3339
Advanced Proton Conducting Ceramic Cell as Energy Storage Device
M. Marrony, J. Dailly
3349
Author Index 3365
