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SOLID STATE DRIVE Under Guidance of Seminar Coordinator Mr. Harshavardhan L Mr. Yogaprakash M G Asst prof., Dept of CSE Asst prof., Dept of CSE Presented by Hemanth H R (4BW07CS023)
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SOLID STATE DRIVE
Under Guidance of Seminar Coordinator
Mr. Harshavardhan L Mr. Yogaprakash M G
Asst prof., Dept of CSE Asst prof., Dept of CSE
Presented by
Hemanth H R
(4BW07CS023)
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INTRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT & HISTORY
THE PROBLEMS WITH TODAY’S HARD DISKS
ARCHITECTURE OF SSD
MEMORY
CONTROLLER
HOST INTERFACE
COMPARISON OF SSD & HDD
ADVANTAGES & DISSADVANTAGES
APPLICATIONS OF SSD
REFERENCE
CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
SSD TechnologyA solid-state drive (SSD) is a data storage device
that uses solid-state memory to store persistent data.
SSDs do not have any moving mechanical
components, which distinguishes them from traditional magnetic disks such as HDDs or floppy disks.
SSDs use NAND-based flash memory or DRAM to store data.
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Product Consist of eight individual memory boards, each packed with 256KB of RAM chips. In total, the Bulk Core system could provide a massive 2MB
Data-access times ranged from 0.75 milliseconds to 2 milliseconds,
It costs $9700 in 1977, which is equivalent to $36,317 today.
DEVELOPMENT & HISTORY
1976 - Dataram introduced the world's first solid-state drive
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The STC 4305 is a significant boost in the capacity of SSDs.
Cabinet could hold up to 45MB of data, which it stored using charge-coupled devices.
Costs around $400,000 in 1978 (about $1.5 million in today's dollars)
DEVELOPMENT & HISTORY
1978 - The STC 4305 drum-storage unit
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Magnetic bubble memory has properties similar to modern flash memory in that it doesn't lose data when you shut off its power.
The Bubdisk held 128KB of data, and costs $895.
DEVELOPMENT & HISTORY
1979 - Apple II Bubble Memory
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Axlon was one of the company producing SSDs for personal computers.
This product used volatile RAM chips that needed constant power to retain data.
1MB of storage.
It costs $1095
DEVELOPMENT & HISTORY
1983 - Synetix 2202
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Intel'sNOR flash memory chips.
It can hold up to 16MB of data.
It costs $5000.
DEVELOPMENT & HISTORY
1988 - World's First Flash SSD
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Modern flash-based SSD is designed in 3.5-inch same as hard drives used at the time.
It can hold up to 16MB to 896MB and costs around $10,000.
These SSDs found in military and aeronautical applications.
DEVELOPMENT & HISTORY
1995 - Birth of the Modern Flash Drive
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The problems with today’s Hard Disks?
Hard Disk Drives
Processors have increased in speed by orders of magnitude over the years.
But spinning hard disk drives (HDD) have not.
Performance gap between how fast processors demand data and how quickly HDD responds.
HDD speed lags behind processors because it is constrained by physical components.
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The problems with today’s Hard Disks?
Hybrid Hard Disk Drives
Hybrid Hard Drives are an incremental upgrade to the Hard Disk Drives.
Hybrid hard disk drive contains large-buffer.
It integrated with a cache using non-volatile Flash memory.
Flash memory buffer can speed up repeated reads from the same location.
Compared to normal HDD speed of data access and consequent faster computer boot process, decreased power consumption, and improved reliability.
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ARCHITECTURE OF SSD
Simple block diagram of SSD architecture
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MEMORY
Flash memory-based SSD’s
Use non-volatile flash memory
Do not require batteries
Retain memory even during sudden power outages.
Lower cost compared to DRAM
SSDs are slower than DRAM SSD
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DRAM-based SSD’s
Use volatile memory.
Battery or an external AC/DC adapter required.
If power is lost, the battery provides power while all Information is copied from random access memory (RAM) to back-up storage.
Ultrafast data access.
Primarily to accelerate applications.
Costlier compared to Flash SDD’s.
MEMORY
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Controller is an embedded processor that executes firmware-level software.
SSD controller bridge the Flash memory components to the SSD input/output interfaces.
System will communicates the controller to read data from or write data to the flash memory
CONTROLLER
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Serial ATA (SATA)
SAS - Serial attached SCSI (generally found on servers)
PCI Express
USB
Parallel ATA (IDE) interface (mostly replaced by SATA)
HOST INTERFACE
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Technical Comparison of SSD & HDD
Solid-state drive Hard disk driveRandom access time
0.1 msRandom access time
5~10 ms
Read latency timeVery low
Read latency timehigh
100MB/s to 500MB/s 50MB/s to 100MB/s.
High ReliabilitySSDs have no moving parts to fail
mechanically.
Low Reliability HDDs have moving parts and are
subject to sudden failure;
small and light in weight. relatively large and heavy
In 2013 SSDs were available in sizes up to 512GB,
In 2013 HDDs of up to 4TB were available.
power consuption 2 watts 12 watts.
As of 2013 NAND flash SSDs cost about Rs.31000 for 500GB
As of 2013 HDDs cost about Rs.3200 for 500GB drives
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High performance – significantly faster than a standard HDD Faster seek time – up to 60x faster than HDD Lower power – Lesser power consumption ,cooler operation Silent operation – ideal for post production environments Lighter weight – perfect for portable devices. Ability to endure extreme shock, high altitude, vibration and
extremes of temperature. Immune to magnets. SSDs are random access by nature and can perform parallel
reads on multiple sections of the drive
ADVANTAGES OF SSD
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They are more expensive than traditional hard drives.
They currently offer less storage space than traditional hard drives.
Slower Write Speed on low-end Models(MLC based types).
DISSADVANTAGES OF SSD
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Servers
Desktop computers
Laptops
Ultrabooks
HD Camcorders
Smart Tv
CCTV Digital Video Recorder (DVR)
Set-Top Boxes
Gaming Consoles
SSD APPLICATIONS
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J. Katcher. PostMark: “A New Solid State Drives”. Technical Report TR3022, Network Appliance, October 1997.
“Evolution of the Solid-State Drive” By Benj Edwards, PCWorld
A. Birrell, M. Isard, C. Thacker, and T. Wobber. “A Design for High-Performance Flash Disks”, December 2007.
S. Nath and A. Kansal. FlashDB: “Dynamic Self-Tuning Database for NAND Flash”. In IPSN ’07: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks June, 2009.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive
http://www.intel.com/pressroom/.html
http://whatisasolidstatedrive.com/?p=14
REFERENCE
