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October 01, 2014 1
Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
Customers TNO
TNO is a technology development and consulting company with over 30 years of experience in (Renewable) Gas technology
TNO Facts ! Independent Research Organization ! Technology development, consulting, and contract R&D ! Approximately 3800 employees ! 600 million Euro Revenue, 1/3 government funding
Markets ! Energy, Defence & Safety, Industry, Healthy Living, Living Environment
Gas Treatment: Our Focus Areas Processes for purifica1on, separa1on & treatment of:
Flue Gas Natural Gas / Syngas / Biogas
U1liza1on
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
Technology Innova1ons
CO2-‐lean solvent
CO2-‐rich solvent
Smart CO2 Feeding Combining CO2 capture with algae cultivation to: ! Decrease in energy requirement for solvent regeneration ! Increase in algae growth rates & CO2 feeding efficiency ! Create potential revenue from bio-products
Algae for CO2 capture & utilization
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H2S removal technology Technology Innovations
Principle of technology: 2 Fe(III)NTA + H2S à 2 Fe(II)NTA + S0 + 2 H+
2 Fe(II)NTA + ½ O2 + 2 H+ à 2 Fe(III)NTA + H2O
• High removal efficiency up to 99,9% • Sulphur removal of 0,1 to 20 t/d • H2S is directly converted to
elemental sulphur • No Claus-SRU required • Low CAPEX/OPEX
Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
Process Development
Proof of Principle -‐ VLE & batch tes1ng Molecular modelling Synthesis
Pilot plant Pilot plant design & scale up Proof of Concept -‐ Mini pilot (Lab scale)
TNO Approach
Carbon Clean Solutions MethPure Solvent development for biogas scrubbers – approach
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
! Goal: outperform current used state-of-the-art solvents (e.g. aMDEA) with respect to general performance, stability, operating costs
! Benchmark: amine, pressure swing adsorption and water scrubbers for CO2 removal
! Approach:
Miniplant tes1ng Demonstra1on
Solvent Mixture
op1misa1on
Solvent component iden1fica1on
Equilibrium Thermal stability
Physical characteristics (Kinetics)
Stripper pressure Stripper temperature
Solvent loading
European Partner; Capacity 6000 m3/day
Benchmark against aMDEA
Equilibrium testing
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
! Mixtures significantly better than MDEA at required partial pressure ! Mixture 2 selected because it has higher thermal stability (see next)
Equilibrium 19% thermal energy savings compared to
benchmark aMDEA
Thermal stability testing
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
! CO2 loaded samples stored at 160°C for 3 weeks (accelerated aging)
Physical characteristics
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
! At high CO2 loadings, viscosity can be an issue
Miniplant testing
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
! Solvent performance testing in a continuous absorption-desorption miniplant
! Solvent handling and practical issues such as foaming
Miniplant testing
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
Characteristics: ! Mobile and fully automated ! Capacity of 4 m3/h of flue gas ! Absorber section: packed bed (Sulzer Mellapak 2X), totally 3.5 m
high with 4 packed beds each of 0.5 m ! Diameter of 4.5 cm ! Stripper section same dimension/packing as absorber ! Total liquid inventory of the system is about 20 L ! Measurement of process parameters such as temperatures, flows,
liquid level, pH lean and rich, CO2 concentration
Miniplant testing
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
! Parametric testing for two weeks to find optimum performance
Parameter Range CO2 Capture rate (%)
Stripper pressure change 0.9-1.0 bar at 120 °C 90-94
Lower stripper temperature
110-115°C 81-95
Higher stripper temperature
130°C at 1.7 bar 93
Maximum rich loading Recirculation of solvent and no stripping -
! Based on results solvent considered suitable for demonstration scale ! Performed much better than the benchmark aMDEA
Commercial Demonstration – European Biogas Partner
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
! Source of biogas: Agricultural waste
! Capacity: 6000 m3/day / Ongoing operation since July, 2014
! Commercial validation of ‘MethPure’ solvent successfully with match customer requirement
! Detailed solvent characterization obtained: results are as expected, leading to a database useable for further scaling up
Conclusion
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Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
! Solvent has higher capacity compared to benchmark aMDEA
! Solvent has better thermal stability compared to benchmark aMDEA
! Important aspects as well are viscosity, kinetics and energy efficiency
! Miniplant tests showed good continuous performance, gave insight in optimal process conditions, and showed stable operation
! Commercial validation proven successful and on-going
! Multi-dimensional approach by means of expertise in solvent and process development and lab scale to pilot plant testing and detailed benchmarking against aMDEA
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Thank you for your time and attention Questions?
! Marco Linders
! Phone +31 88 866 1324
! Mobile +31 6 225 450 18
! Prateek Bumb
! Mobile +44 774743 4099/+91-9167555141
http://www.hak.nl/index.php?nav=actueel&subnav=nieuwsarchief&id=62
Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
Back-up slides
October 01, 2014 Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Mixture 1 Mixture 2 Mixture 3 Mixture 4
Mixture 1 @ 24.53 kPa Mixture 2 @ 27.5 kPa Mixture 3 @ 25.07 kPa Mixture 4 @ 17.18 kPa
Rat
e of
reac
tion
X 10
5 (k
mol
/m2 s
)
Kinetics Testing
Corrosion – SS316L
Rate of corrosion (*mpy) 0.035 (Extraordinary)
* mpy = mils per year
October 01, 2014 Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas
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