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SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
ENK6-CT1999-00019
SOLVENT
Evyatar Erell and Yair Etzion
BUILDING ENERGY RESEARCH
JOINT FP5 ENERGIE Info-day
and
ENERBUILD RTD PROJECT MEETING
6 & 7 September 2001
Quality Hotel Konserthuset, Malmö, Sweden
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
The SOLVENT project
The project aims to complete the development of an
innovative glazing system, which is based on the concept of
converting short-wave solar radiation to convective heat.
• Development of aerodynamic, thermal and optical models
• Design of a suitable frame
• Experimental evaluation
• Development of a design tool and guidelines for installation
The expected outcome is a tested product ready for
demonstration and commercial exploitation.
The SOLVENT project - aims
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
The SOLVENT consortium
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, ISRAELEvyatar Erell and Yair Etzion
AB Överums Fönsterfabrik, SWEDENNils Carlstrom
University of Gävle, SWEDENMats Sandberg
Asociación de Investigación y Cooperación Industrial de Andalucia, SPAINJose Luis Molina
Instituto de Engenharia Mecanica, PORTUGALEduardo Maldonado
Brandeburgische Technische Universitaet Cottbus, GERMANYOlaf Gutschker
The SOLVENT consortium
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
1. Direct exposure to solar radiation often results in:
- visual discomfort due to glare
- thermal discomfort due to high radiative load
- deterioration and fading of furnishings
2. Large glazed areas are useful in winter,
but may cause over-heating in summer.
In climates with cool, sunny winters and warm summers, direct gain systems have several drawbacks:
Problem definitionProblem definition
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
• fixed shading devices
- interfere with the view through the window; and
- reduce heating efficiency in winter
• operable shading devices
- when deployed – have same effects as fixed shading devices
- when not deployed – do not address thermal and visual stress …
• tinted or reflective glazing may reduce glare, but also
- reduce heating efficiency in winter; and
- may still allow too much heat to penetrate to the interior
• selective glazing (angle-selective, electro-chromic)
- experimental, require considerable research
- when in the transmission phase – do not address thermal and visual stress …
Existing solutionsExisting solutions
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Principle of operationPrinciple of operation
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Thermal model
e
dz
W
L
q1q2
z
T(z)T1
T2
Ti , v
To
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
d – pane-to-pane distance
Hin – inlet height
Hin – outlet height
H – height of glazing system
Aerodynamic parametersAerodynamic parameters
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Integration in ESP-r
IndoorTemperature
MeteorologicalVariables
Window Geometry
SurfaceTemperatures
HeatFluxes
Iterative process for calculating the film
coefficients Glass Characterization
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Cottbus PASLINK test cell with SOLVENT window
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Sde Boqer ‘white house’
SOLVENT window
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Interior (right) and exterior view of test window at Sde Boqer
black globe
pyranometer
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Light sensors
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Interior air
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34
2400 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100
time
tem
pe
ratu
re
( de
g C
)
test reference ambient
Sde Boqer test window, September 1, 2001
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Interior radiation
0
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time
rad
iati
on
( wa
tt
/ sqm
)
test reference vertical south
Sde Boqer test window, September 1, 2001
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
22
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2400 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100
time
tem
pe
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re
( de
g C
)
SOLVENT reference
Sde Boqer test window, June 16, 2001Black globe near window
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Sde Boqer test window, September 1, 2001Glass surface temperatures (I)
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2400 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100time
tem
pe
ratu
re
( de
g C
)
tinted exterior tinted facing channelclear facing channel clear (interior)
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Glass surface temperatures (II) Sde Boqer test window, September 1, 2001
15
20
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50
2400 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100time
tem
pe
ratu
re
( de
g C
)
SOLVENT reference
Exterior surface of clear glass
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
(Sde Boqer test window, September 1, 2001)Air channel temperature
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
2400 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100
time
tem
pe
ratu
re
( de
g C
)
.
top middle bottom ambient DBT
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Channel airflow and wind
0
1
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7
2400 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100
time
wind [m/s]
0.0
0.1
0.2
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0.7
channel flow [m/s]
environmental wind (LH scale) channel airflow (RH scale)
(Sde Boqer test window, September 1, 2001)
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Illumination (Sde Boqer, September 1, 2001 - noon)
1406
774
606
478587
625
563
exterior daylight – approx. 110,000 lux!
* 3091 in reference room!
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Dissemination I - software and documentation
All test data to be collated and made available on CD or by
internet, in conjunction with project reports.
Academic publication of aerodynamic, thermal and optical
models.
A module describing the window is being prepared for
integration in ESP-r.
Design guidelines and a computerized tool are being
developed in the project, to provide architects with technical
information required for glazing selection.
SOLVENT
ventilated solar screen window
consortiumconsortium
the problemthe problem
solutions?solutions?
principleprinciple
modeling modeling
aimsaims
test data test data
ESP-r ESP-r
test sitestest sites
dissemination dissemination
home home
Dissemination II - the glazing system
Overums Fonsterfabrik (window manufacturer) will promote
the product by:
• product catalogues• trade fairs • demonstration installation
The consortium will also publicize the window through
environmental publications and internet sites, such
• WIRE (ISES)• EU web services such as ‘MARKETPLACE’