Song of the DayThe Byrds

“Turn, Turn, Turn”

Released in 1965

1965

Norman Morrison

How to Build a Mnemonic Palace

• Some of our most powerful memories are tied to place

• Close your eyes and visualize the house you grew up in

• Now create a narrative that uses your house as the setting

Vietnam Era Timeline

• 25 items that will serve as the framework for your notes on this unit

• Create a Mnemonic Palace for each of the 25 items on the Timeline that will help you to remember each event in the order in which it occurred

• Part of your grade on your Unit Test for Vietnam will be to list each event in the correct order

Vietnam Era Timeline

Directions:• Come up with your 25 mnemonic devices• Using a separate piece of paper, record your

mnemonic narrative • This assignment is due next Monday, April 23

Example

• Mnemonic example for Points 1 and 2 on Timeline• You are on your way home from school. On your way

home you decide that you are extremely hungry but you can’t decide if you want to pick up Vietnamese food or a bucket of French fries. You decide to go with the Vietnamese food and you pick up some pho.

• On your way home your _________ (mother, father, brother, sister, significant other) calls you and gets angry that you didn’t pick up any food for them. To the only way to get them to calm down is to agree to split your Vietnamese food in half.

1. Vietnam Wins Independence From France

1. Vietnam Wins Independence From France

• France controlled Vietnam as a colony since the 1800’s• French rule Vietnam with an iron fist• During WWII, preoccupied with the fighting in Europe, France ignores Vietnam• After WWII, France seeks to reestablish its colonial empire• Vietnamese resent the French presence • Ho Chi Minh leads a communist insurgency against French forces at Dien Bien Phu.

2. Vietnam Divided in TwoNorth Vietnam

• Communist nation ruled by forces loyal to revolutionary Ho Chi Minh

South Vietnam• Pro-western “Democracy” ruled by Ngo Dinh Diem

• Vietnam was supposed to have an election in 1956 that would unify the country under one government•After determining that he had no chance of winning that election, Diem refused to take part and Vietnam remained divided

3. Eisenhower’s Domino Theory

“Finally, you have broader considerations that might follow what you would call the "falling domino" principle. You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly. So you could have a beginning of a disintegration that would have the most profound influences.”—Pres. Eisenhower

• When one domino in a chain falls down, the others will soon fall down as well• This principle was applied to nations turning to communism as well

4. Kennedy Beats NixonJohn F. Kennedy (D) Senator from Massachusetts

Richard Nixon (R) Congressman/Vice President from California

• First nationally televised Presidential Debates• Nixon refuses makeup, looks disheveled and menacing• Among Americans who watched the debates on TV, Kennedy emerged as the winner

4. Kennedy Beats Nixon

1960 Election

• The popular vote was won by Kennedy by 120,000 out of 72,000,000 ballots cast (0.001%)• The margin of victory in Texas was 46,000 votes. In Illinois, it was only 9,000.• Republicans charged that fraud was responsible for Kennedy’s victories in Illinois and Texas. If Kennedy had not won these two states, Nixon would have won the election• Charges of fraud have never been definitively proven or disproven

5. Bay of Pigs Invasion

• In 1959, Cuban revolutionary Fidel Castro seizes power and decrees Cuba a communist nation• Cubans lose rights to property and wealth• Many flee to America• Castro establishes friendly relationship with the Soviet Union

5. Bay of Pigs Invasion• Eisenhower had authorized the CIA to plan to overthrow Castro

• Kennedy decides to follow through with the plan

• CIA recruits and trains Cuban exiles to invade Cuba

• The mission is horribly executed: about 80% of the invaders are killed or captured

• Cubans rally around Castro

• Cuban-Americans turn against Kennedy and the Democratic Party