PHYSICS PROJECT

Done By : Sameeullah IX - B

CONTENT Sources Of Energy

Renewable Resources

Renewable Resources Information : 1) Solar Energy 2) Wind Power 3) Hydro Power 4) Geothermal Power

Non-Renewable Resources : 1) Coal 2) Petroleum 3) Natural Gas 4) Nuclear Power

Teacher’s Remarks

SOURCES OF

ENERGY

ENERGYRENEWABLE

NON-RENewABLE

RENEWABLE RESOURCES

RENEWABLE RESOURCES: CAN BE REGENERATED IN A SHORT AMOUNT

OF TIME OR IS BASICALLY UNLIMITED

Types Of Renewable ResourcesSolar

Wind PowerHydrogen and fuel cells 

Geothermal power

Solar energy is the most abundant and easily available renewable resource.

The solar energy not used by man is used by plants and other organisms in photosynthesis.

The Sun delivers more than 10,000 times the energy that humans currently use, and almost twice the amount of energy that will ever be obtained from all of the planet's non-renewable resources.

SOLAR ENERGY

WIND POWERWind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy.

Most modern electrical wind power is generated by converting the rotation of turbine blades into electrical currents by means of an electrical generator.

Windmills provide mechanical power, and were originally developed for milling grain for food production.

The basic technique adopted in the blades of windmill to facilitate proper rotation is the pressure difference among the blades.

Other industrial uses of windmill machinery are wind pumps , used for water pumping or drainage.

Wind power is also used to propel ships using sails.

Hydropower is energy derived from the movement of water in rivers and oceans, originally used for irrigation and the operation of various mechanical devices.

 Since the early 20th century, the term is used almost exclusively in conjunction with the modern development of hydro-electric power .

Conventional hydroelectric power involves creating a dam , and using the resulting water force to turn a water turbine and generator.

Other electricity generating methods are run-of-the-river hydroelectricity , which captures the kinetic energy in rivers or streams, without the use of dams, and pumped-storage hydroelectricity , which stores water pumped during periods of low demand to be released for generation when demand is high.

HYDRO POWER

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Geothermal energy comes from the Earth's crust and originates from the original formation of the planet (20%) and from radioactive decay of minerals (80%).

The available energy from the Earth's crust and mantle is approximately equal to that of incoming solar energy.

Geothermal heating is the direct use of geothermal energy for heating applications.

Geothermal electricity is electricity generated from geothermal energy using technologies like super heaters , flash steam power plants and binary cycle power plants.

BIO FUELA bio fuel is a type of fuel whose energy is derived from biological carbon fixation.

Bio fuels include fuels derived from biomass conversion , as well as solid biomass, liquid fuels and various biogases.

Bio ethanol is an alcohol made by fermentation , mostly from carbohydrates produced in sugar or starch crops such as corn, sugarcane or switch grass. Biodiesel is made from vegetable oils and animal fats.

Biodiesel is produced from oils or fats using transesterification and is the most common bio fuel in Europe.

Biogas is methane produced by the process of anaerobic digestion of organic material by anaerobes., etc. is also a renewable source of energy.

NON RENEWABLE RESOURCES

NON RENEWABLE RESOURCES:

CAN’T BE REPLACED IN A SHORT AMOUNT OF TIME AND IS LIMITED.

A non-renewable resource (also called a finite resource) is a resource that does not renew itself

at a sufficient rate for sustainable economic extraction in meaningful human time-frames.

Types Of Non Renewable Resources I) Earth Minerals And Ores

II) Fossil FuelsIII) Radio Active Fuel

COALCoal is also composed of organic matter --- matter that decomposed in peat bogs, which then formed into carbon rock under immense pressure.

Coal is generally highly combustible and the world's most-used resource for electrical generation.

However, burning coal releases massive amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which is the primary factor in the greenhouse effect.

In addition to being greenhouse gas source, coal cannot be reproduced.

PETROLEUMPetroleum is extracted and turned into a variety of fuel sources including petrol or gasoline, diesel, propane, jet fuel, heating oil and paraffin wax.

Also known as crude oil, this fuel source is non renewable. Petroleum is made when organic matter settles in water that has lost its dissolved oxygen and is then compressed under immense heat and pressure for millions of years.

There is no way for humans to reproduce this process for mass production either in nature or in a lab, so once mankind has used the current supply of petroleum, more will not be available for many centuries.

NATURAL GASAlso a byproduct of decomposition, natural gas is mostly methane created as organic matter decays.

Once extracted, natural gas is processed to remove everything but the methane.

This produces a variety of other natural gases, such as ethane, propane and butane, which are also used as fuels.

These natural gases are used to heat homes and businesses and fuel stoves.

While it is a fairly clean-burning fossil fuel, it is a non renewable energy source because it is a byproduct of thousands of years of decomposition within the earth's crust

Nuclear energy may get mentioned in the same breath with renewable power source like wind and solar because it is clean-burning and therefore more environmentally sound than oil or coal.

But nuclear energy is, in fact, a nonrenewable resource.

The problem lies in the element that enables nuclear power: uranium.

The element uranium is abundant, but only a certain type of uranium, U-235, is used to fuel nuclear power.

U-235 must be extracted from mined and processed uranium. The processing produces only small amounts of U-235, making it rare and expensive.

Man cannot reproduce this element; we have a limited natural supply.

NUCLEAR POWER

END OF SLIDESHOWEND OF SLIDESHOW

THANK YOU

TEACHER’s REMARK