Southwall Technologies

NANO54

Foothill College

Technology Overview

• Southwall high performance windows (sputtered thin films)

• Low-e (emissivity)

• Heat Mirror and XIR

• Inline sputtering systems

• Architectural glass

Southwall History

• Suntech (Marin)• Southwall (~1980)• Southwall Europe

(1999)• Solutia (2011)• Eastman (2012)

Southwall Technologies CEO Rings NASDAQ Closing Bell - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NsKgh9L52Nk

Southwall Europe (DG)

Southwall Europe GmbH (SEG) was founded in 1999 and is located in Großröhrsdorf near Dresden. SEG is 100% owned by Southwall Technologies Inc. (STI) which was founded in 1979. http://www.southwalleurope.de/company.html

Thin Film Applications

• Window coatings

• Magnetic media

• Semiconductors

• Biomedical devices

• Optics

• Automotive

• Aerospace

http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/renewables/first-solar-quest-for-the-1-watt/0

Thin Film Stack• A thin film Bragg reflector consists of a multilayer-

stack of alternate high- and low-index films, all one quarter wavelength thick (see figure left). The geometrical thicknesses of the high- und low-index films are tH=l/(4nH) and tL=l/(4nL) respectively.nH and nL are the indices of refraction of the high- and low-index films, respectively and l is the center wavelength of the Bragg mirror. On every interface in the stack a part of the incident beam is reflected. The reflected parts have a phase shift of 180° only if the incident light goes from low-index medium in a high-index medium. The relative phase difference of all reflected beams is zero or a multiple of 360° and therefore they interfere constructively. The intensity of the incident light beam decreases during his travel trough the quarter-wave stack and at the same time the reflected light increases, if the absorptance ‘A’ of the stack is negligible.

http://www.batop.de/information/r_Bragg.html

Architectural Glazing

• Windows that insulate like walls

• Support natural ‘day-lighting’

• Trap heat inside (winter)

• Reflect heat outside (summer)

• Needed for LEED/ZNE and Title 24

Heat Mirror Films in High Performance BuildingsHeat mirror film is an insulating film used within glass units, designed to minimize heat transfer through glass and therefore lower u-values

http://www.channel4.com/4homes/build-renovate/eco-building/heat-mirror-film-guide

Modern Architecture - Crystal Clear Glass House

Remarkably beautiful, this crystal clear glass house provides 360 degree views of its surroundings. Designed by the Santambrogiomilao group, the concept home features a series of iconic furniture pieces, beds, sofas and bookcases, along with architectural elements such as staircases and kitchens - all fashioned from "extra-clear" glass. The only thing that is does not provide is an ounce of privacy.

http://www.mymodernmet.com/profiles/blogs/modern-architecture-crystal

Cathedral Project Ontario

http://www.integralgroup.com/gallery/residential/cathedral-hill-development/

Heat Mirror™

Heat Mirror ™ reflects strong solar IR/UV back from outer surfaces, keeping interior surfaces cooler in the summer. In winter, IR heat is trapped inside a building (not escaping through windows). Low-E (emissivity) windows using a tunable thin film stack of dielectrics and silver/gold are deposited on Mylar® which is suspended between panes of glass – http://www.southwall.com/

Heat MirrorHeat Mirror® insulating glass incorporating Heat Mirror films coated by Southwall Technologies was the world's first commercially produced low-e glass. Since 1980, Heat Mirror insulating glass has been used around the world in structures ranging from single family homes to high profile projects for Fortune 500 companies. Southwall manufactures 12 different coated films which are suspended in the middle of an insulating glass unit to create multiple insulating cavities, creating industry leading performance. Heat Mirror units are produced with a wide range of glass products including clear glass, tinted glass and low-e glass, taking advantage of the benefits of film based coatings and glass based technologies to create superior insulating performance, outstanding solar control, while at the same time blocking UV radiation, and reducing outside noise more effectively than double pane glass.

http://www.southwall.com/southwall/Home/Commercial/Products/HeatMirrorInsulatingGlass.html

Heat Mirror

Heat Mirror® was the first of many glass innovations from Southwall Technologies. Heat Mirror insulated glass uses a unique patented process for superior performance. Clear, colorless, coated film is permanently suspended between two panes of glass. This suspended film divides the space into two smaller compartments, which in turn provide additional insulation and thermal performance.

http://www.southernwindow.com/heatmirror.html

Southwall Insulating GlassR-20 Heat Mirror insulating glass consists of three heat reflective coated films mounted inside an insulating glass unit between two pieces of low-e coated glass. This super insulating glass construction creates four heat-impeding gas-filled cavities and achieves R-20 performance. Heat Mirror R-20 is a product of Alpen Energy Systems, a leading Southwall customer licensed to fabricate Heat Mirror insulating glass. Superior to any low-e glass currently available, Heat Mirror is a technologically advanced low emissivity and solar reflective film that can be mounted inside an insulating glass unit in a variety of configurations (one, two or three coated films, uncoated or low-e coated glass) to provide energy conservation performance ranging from R-6 to R-20

http://www.timberhomenation.com/profiles/blogs/window-glass-that-insulates

Benefits

-Winter Comfort and Heating Load-Summer Comfort Cooling Load-Natural Daylighting-Appearance and Reflectivity-Ultraviolet Fading Control

http://www.southernwindow.com/heatmirror.html

Automation is the Game Changer for a New Generation of Heat Mirror IG

As the inventor and global leader in Heat Mirror suspended film technology, Southwall Technologies, now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Eastman Chemical formed Southwall Insulating Glass with a mission to fully automate the manufacturing process and make Heat Mirror IG broadly available to the Residential and Commercial markets. Eastman partnered with a leading European IG equipment manufacturer to tightly integrate the unique requirements for Heat Mirror IG production into a state-of-the-art, high-speed IG production line. Combining Southwall’s decades of Heat Mirror technology know-how, Eastman’s world class manufacturing expertise. http://www.eastman.com/Brands/HeatMirror/

Triple Pane Glazing

http://battlecreekglass.com/

Packard Building

www.packard.org

Packard Building

www.packard.org

Packard Building

www.packard.org

Packard Building

www.packard.org

XIR Automotive Glass

• 70% visible transmission

• 50% IR transmission• Laminated to glass• Automotive glass• Building applications

http://www.eastman.com/Brands/XIR/Pages/Overview.aspx

Southwall XIR Film

XPS Depth Profile of XIR Film

Future Glass Technology

• Electrochromic• Integrated PV• Self shading• Touch screen• Integrated electronics• ‘Smart glass’ -

http://www.smartglass.com/

The Future of Glass Technology - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gplbpAIjMq8

http://amateur-person.blogspot.com/2013/02/polytron-transparent-mobile-phone.html

Photovoltaic Glass

http://www.jetsongreen.com/2011/03/pythagoras-solar-photovoltaic-window-unit.html

Empire State Building

• SeriousGlass™• Heat Mirror product• 6500 windows• $400K in annual

energy savings• Total project energy

reductions ~ 40%

Empire State Building

• PALO ALTO, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Southwall Technologies Inc. (OTCBB:SWTX), the worldwide innovator of energy-saving films and glass products, announced today that its Heat Mirror® film technology was selected to dramatically boost the energy-efficiency of the more than 6,500 hundred windows being upgraded as part of the Empire State Building energy retrofit project. The announcement marks another milestone along Southwall’s path of industry firsts, including the world’s first low-e insulating glass product and the world’s first multi-cavity “super glass” to achieve up to R-20 insulating performance comparable to that of a wall.

www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100304005953/en/Southwall-Provide-Key-Technology-Super-Insulating-Windows

Electrochromic WindowsElectrochromic devices change light transmission properties in response to voltage and thus allow control over the amount of light and heat passing through. In electrochromic windows, the electrochromic material changes its opacity: it changes between a colored, translucent state (usually blue) and a transparent state. A burst of electricity is required for changing its opacity, but once the change has been effected, no electricity is needed for maintaining the particular shade which has been reached. Darkening occurs from the edges, moving inward, and is a slow process, ranging from many seconds to several minutes depending on window size. Electrochromic glass provides visibility even in the darkened state and thus preserves visible contact with the outside environment. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_glass

Electrochromic WindowsSmart glass, EGlass, or switchable glass, also called smart windows or switchable windows in its application to windows or skylights, refers to electrically switchable glass or glazing which changes light transmission properties when voltage is applied.

Electrochromic WindowsNew technologies are producing increasingly energy efficient windows. Already on the market are "super-windows," boasting triple layer designs, with two low-E coatings and spaces filled with mixtures of argon or krypton gases. A new generation of windows is being called "smart windows" because they adapt to changing conditions. They change properties -- like their shading coefficients and visible transmittances -- in response to either an electric charge or an environmental signal such as a change in light level. Depending on the mechanism that initiates the change in the window, these "switchable glazings" fall into four categories: electrochromic, liquid crystal, thermochromic, and photochromic.

Electrochromic Windows

Electrochromic Windows PDLC Smart Windows

http://www.glazette.com/Glass-Knowledge-Bank-70/Liquid-Crystal-Glass.html

In Line Deposition Tools

Characterization Tools

• SEM-EDX– Imaging– X-Ray Analysis

• XPS/AES– Elemental composition– Chemical bonding – Depth composition

profiles

• XRF– Composition– Film thickness

• XRD– Crystal structure– Phase

• TEM– Imaging– Atomic structure

SEM-EDX Analysis

Summary

• History of a thin film developer

• Heat Mirror and XIR films

• Architectural / automotive apps

• Tunable transmission (IR/Vis)

• Windows that insulate like walls

References

• http://www.eastman.com/brands/Southwall

• http:www.heatmirror.com/

• http://www.xir.com/

• http://www.southwall.com/

• http://www.seriousenergy.com/