SP 471 (M4 - Thursday Class) Week 8

8/3/2019 SP 471 (M4 - Thursday Class) Week 8

1/38

Hollywood in Transition

1939-1941 Vertical Integration fully

entrenched

Writers and directors giveand take within theStudio System resulted insome of the greatest andmost influential films ever

produced


2/38

The 1940s

1939 Stagecoach

Gone with the Wind

The Wizard of Oz Mr. Smith Goes to

Washington

The Hunchback of NotreDame

Wuthering Heights Ninotchka

Gunga Din

Beau Geste

Dark Victory


3/38

The 1940s

Gone with the Wind

Definitely a David O. SelznickProduction

A list stars, high productionvalues, extensive & creativepublicity - like a modernblockbuster


4/38

The 1940s

Margaret Mitchells only

novel

Paid $50,000 for the

rights to the novel - mostever at the time

Cost $4 million ($50million today)

3 1/2 hour run time with

an intermission The Search for Scarlett

garnered huge amountsof publicity

Vivien Leigh & Clark Gable
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6xmfLHXiAhAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6xmfLHXiAhA


5/38

The 1940s

Began shooting withoutthe lead being cast -supposedly

Selznick constantlyleaked stories about theproduction to the press


6/38

The 1940s PCA wanted to change

the final line Frankly my

dear, I dont give a damn

to I dont care. Selznick paid $5000 &

the line stayed in


7/38

The 1940s

Eight Oscars Best Picture, Actress,

Director, and Best

Supporting Actress HattieMcDaniel as the firstAfrican-American to winan Oscar

"Why should I complainabout making $700 a

week playing a maid? If Ididn't, I'd be making $7 aweek being one."


8/38

The 1940s

1940 The Great Dictator

The Grapes of Wrath

His Girl Friday

The Shop Around theCorner

Rebecca

The Philadelphia Story My Favorite Wife

Fantasia


9/38

The 1940s

U.S. enters the war in1941 2/3 of America went to

the movies every week Hard times = more

money for the studios

Television was availablebut materials were usedfor the war so moviesremained dominant

Casablanca, 1941


10/38

The 1940s

1941 Citizen Kane

The Maltese Falcon

Meet John Doe

Suspicion

Dumbo

The Little Foxes

Sullivans Travels Sergeant York

High Sierra

Ball of Fire


11/38

The 1940s

Citizen Kane, 1941 Orson Welles, director, star

& producer

25 years old & first film

War of the Worldsradiobroadcast panickedaudience

Critically praised butfinancial flop because of

limited release in USbecause of controversialbiographic elements - i.e. anunflattering portrait ofWilliam Randolph Hearstwho owned most U.S.newspapers


12/38

The 1940s

Sparse use of revealingfacial close-ups

Elaborate camera

movements Over-lapping, talk-over

dialogue and layered sound

A cast of characters thatages throughout the film

Flashbacks and non-linearstory-telling

Long, uninterrupted shots orlengthy takes of sequences


13/38

The 1940s

Deep focus - shots withincredible depth-of field andfocus from extremeforeground to extreme

background that emphasizemise en scene (French forplacing on the stage oreverything in the frame)


14/38

The 1940s

Considered one of the mostinfluential films of all time

Welles never again had such

freedom and financing


15/38

The 1940s

Citizen Kanea financialdisappointment

Magnificent Ambersonschopped and dumped to fitthe second feature timeslot

Contract w/RKO wascancelled and career neverrecovered

Spent the next 30 years in

Europe


16/38

The 1940s

America entering WWIIchanged everything America had been

divided about enteringthe war

While the government didnot nationalize theindustry, there were

some new standards toadhere to


17/38

The 1940s

Controversies over suchfilms as The GreatDictatorand other anti-

fascist films were mootafter Pearl Harbor


18/38

The 1940s

Topical Features

Alfred Hitchcocks

SaboteurandForeignCorrespondent


19/38

The 1940s

William Wylers Mrs.Miniver

Ernst Lubitschs To Be or

Not to Be Mervyn LeRoys 30

Seconds Over Tokyo


20/38

The 1940s

Walt Disney

First full-length animatedfeature: Snow White,

1937


21/38

The 1940s

Bambi, 1942

Dumbo, 1941

Fantasia, 1940

Pinocchio, 1940


22/38

The 1940s

Everyone pitched in

Betty Grable

Marlene Dietrichentertaining the troops


23/38


24/38

The 1940s

Many stars anddirectors enlisted

Made propaganda filmsas well as fought

John Hustons The Battle of San Pietro, Clark Gable &Combat America, William Wylers The Memphis Belle


25/38

The 1940s

Even Walt Disneypitched in withhundreds of training

and propaganda films

Der Fuehrer's Face
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iumEGAUceDghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iumEGAUceDg


26/38

The 1940s

Changes in Genre The Womens Picture

Films such as Now

Voyager and My FoolishHearttargeted thechanging role of women

Women had to learn tolive without a man and/or

children


27/38

The 1940s

Patriotic to Post-warRealism and Film

Noir Shift in psyche

Austere,deglamorized &

ambivalent Social realism

The Postman Always Rings Twice, 1946


28/38

The 1940sWilliam Wylers Best Years of Our Lives, 1946


29/38

The 1940s

Cast non-actor HaroldRussell Won both the Academy

Award as the year's BestSupporting Actor and asecond, honorary Oscar"for bringing hope andcourage to his fellowveterans." He is the only

actor ever to win twoOscars for the same role


30/38

The 1940s

House Un-AmericanActivities Committeeand Hollywood

established in 1937 toinvestigate un-Americanand subversiveactivities

Investigated Hollywood in1947


31/38

The 1940s

Prove that the ScreenWriters Guild hadCommunist members

Show that these writers

were able to insertsubversive propagandainto Hollywood films

J. Parnell Thomas, head ofthe committee, argued that

President Roosevelt hadencouraged pro-Sovietfilms during the war.

J. Parnell Thomas & Jack Warner

of Warner Brothers


32/38

The 1940s

1948 - the beginning of theend for the Studio System MGM, Warner Brothers, Fox,

Paramount and RKO had todivest of their theatres

Theatres could play any moviefrom any studio

Box office fell as studios wereforced to compete with each

other and with


33/38

The 1940s

Television


34/38

The 1940s

Began a decline in boxoffice that was notreversed until Jaws,

1975


35/38

The 1940s

White Heat, 1949 James Cagney, Virginia Mayo,

Edmund OBrien

Inspired by real life gangsterMa Barker & her sons

Film was Cagneys return tothe gangster role

Anticipates the documentaryrealism of 1950s crime films

Cagneys last great role

Film contains increasedviolence and Freudianpsychological overtones aswell as elements from Greek

tragedy (Oedipus)


36/38

The 1940s

Raoul Walsh, 1887-1980 52 year career spanning

early silents to the 1960s

Assistant to D.W. Griffith &was in Birth of a Nation

Discovered John Wayne

Known for his quick pacingin filmsan actiondirector

Invented the Point of Viewshot


37/38

The 1940s


38/38

The 1930s

James Cagney, 1889-1986 Quintessential tough guy

but also an accomplishedsinger & dancer

Retired in 1961 did 2 morefilms in the 80s

Films include: The Public Enemy, Each Dawn

I Die, White Heat, The RoaringTwenties, Yankee Doodle

Dandy, Mister Roberts, One,Two, Three
http://youtu.be/bytoID_SNnEhttp://youtu.be/JOoNOs8Ql28http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wlPR97oYOBAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wlPR97oYOBAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wlPR97oYOBAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wlPR97oYOBAhttp://youtu.be/JOoNOs8Ql28http://youtu.be/bytoID_SNnE

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SP 471 (M4 - Thursday Class) Week 8

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