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SPAIN 1519-1685
1519 -- Sailing from a base in
Jamaica, Alonso Alvarez de Pineda, a Spanish
adventurer, was the first known European to explore
and map the Texas coastline.
1528 -- Cabeza de Vaca
shipwrecked on what is believed today to
be Galveston Island.
FRANCE 1685-1690
1685 -- Robert Cavelier, Sieur de
LaSalle established Fort St. Louis at Matagorda Bay, and thus formed the basis for France's
claim to Texas.
1689 -- Mexican explorer Alonso de
Leon reached Fort St. Louis, and found it
abandoned. Re-established Spanish presence in Texas.
SPAIN 1690-1821
1716-1789 -- Throughout the
18th century, Spain established Catholic missions in Texas.
1821 -- Mexico gains
independence from Spain after years of
fighting
MEXICO 1821-1836
1823 -- Stephen F. Austin
received a grant from the Mexican government and began colonization in the region of the Brazos River.
1824 -- The Constitution of 1824 gave Mexico a republican
form of government. It failed, however, to define
the rights of the states within the republic,
including Texas.
6 April 1830--Mexico forbid
further emigration into Texas by settlers
from the United States.
1832--The Battle of Velasco
resulted in the first casualties in Texas'
relations with Mexico.
1832-1833 -- The Convention of 1832 and
the Convention of 1833 in Texas were triggered.
1835 -- Texans repulsed a
detachment of Mexican cavalry at the
Battle of Gonzales. The revolution began.
December 1835 -- Mexicans surrendered
San Antonio to the Texans following the
Siege of Bexar.
2 March 1836 -- The
Texas Declaration of Independence was signed by members
of theConvention of 1836.
6 March 1836 -- Texans under Col. William B. Travis were overwhelmed by the
Mexican army after a two-week siege at the
Battle of the Alamo in San Antonio.
27 March 1836 -- James Fannin and nearly 400 Texans were executed
by the Mexicans at the Goliad Massacre, under
order of Santa Anna.
21 April 1836 -- Texans under
Sam Houston routed the Mexican forces of Santa
Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto. Thus, independence was won in one of the most decisive
battles in history.
TEXAS REPUBLIC 1836-1845
November 1839 -- The Texas Congress first
met in Austin.
29 December 1845 -- U. S. President James Polk signed
legislation making Texas the 28th state of the
United States.
UNITED STATES 1845-1861
25 April 1846 -- The Mexican-American War ignited as a result of disputes over claims to Texas boundaries. The
outcome of the war fixed Texas' southern boundary at the Rio Grande River.
12-14 September 1847Battle of Mexico City-
General Winfield Scott and troops arrive in Mexico's
capital city and fight their final battle against a
wearied Mexican army
Jan-Feb 1848 -- Mexican and U.S. agree
upon $15 million for California & New Mexico
and sign the Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo