Spain Builds an American Empire

Chapter 20 Section 1

Today’s Goal You will be able to…

Explain the reasons for, and effects of, Spanish and Portuguese exploration in the New World

Voyages of ColumbusGoal = sea route to India

San Salvador in Caribbean

los indios (Indians)

Colonies

Discoveries of Other ExplorersAmerigo Vespucci- Declared S. America was Mundus Novus or “New World”- Americas named after him

Waldseemuller’s Map – labeled S. America after Amerigo

1518 – Vasco Núñez Balboa went through Panama & became first to see the Pacific Ocean1519 – Ferdinand Magellan his crew was first to sail around the world

Spanish ConquistadorsHernando Cortes Aztecs (Montezuma)

Francisco Pizarro Inca (Atahualpa)

Why was Cortes able to conquer the Aztecs?• Misconceptions• Superior weapons (gun)• Support from rival tribes (who despised Aztecs)• Disease!!!

How did Spain rule the natives in the New World?

Similar to Reconquista

Encomienda system

How did success in exploration & conquest affect Spain?

Golden Age in arts & culture

Bigger navy

How was Spanish settlement in North America different from that of South America?

Santa Fe (“Holy Faith”), New Mexico Catholicism!

What was the resistance to Spanish rule in the Americas?