Spanish American War1898

After the Civil War American Industry grewMachines replaced hand laborPeople moved from farms to citiesNew inventionsRailroads ship goods and people across the

countryBig businessAmericans were producing much more so

they could send out more goods to other countries

Industrialization

1823 President James MonroeEstablished:

Separate spheres of influence for US and Europe (US in west Europe in east)

Non-colonizationNon-intervention• Warned about European interference in newly

independent Latin American nations (left already colonized countries alone)

Monroe Doctrine(US Foreign Policy)

NavyNavy mostly protected

goods being shipped Defensive StrategyIn the 1880’s and

1890’s US began building up their navy

Began constructing battleships

Need for coaling stations grew; options were neutral ports and other ships

CubaBeginning in 1868 Cuba

fights for independence from Spain

1892 Jose Marti establish the Cuban Revolutionary Party

In 1896 to stop the revolution Spanish General Valierano Weyler put Cuba under Martial Law

Put the citizens into concentration camps

US thinks of intervening

PhilippinesIn the 1890’s the Philippines begin to fight

for independence from SpainEmilio Aguinaldo led the Philippine

revolution

United States is sympathetic to Cuba and the Philippines

The US is thinking of getting involvedBecause of the Navy build-up and

industrialization the United States CAN get involved

United States

USS MaineOn February 9, 1898:Pulitzer-

owned New York Journal publishes Spanish Minister Enrique Dupuy de Lóme's letter criticizing President McKinley

Navy battleship sent to Cuba to protect American interests during Cuban revolt

February 15th The USS Maine explodes

US newspapers blame Spain and call for war

(Yellow Journalism)

The US wants to intervene in Cuba to help them gain independence

US begins preparing for war with SpainSend a resolution to Spain that includes the

Teller Amendment (says the US would not occupy Cuba after the war they just wanted to promote peace)

By April war was officially declared between US and Spain

War

PhilippinesBy May 1 General

George Dewey defeated the Spanish fleet in the Philippines

By August Spain surrenders in the Philippines

Treaty of Paris US and Spain meet in

Paris to agree on a treatySpain freed Cuba and

gave Guam and Puerto Rico to the US

The US bought the Philippines for $20 million

People within US debated if the US had the right to occupy these countries

Platt Amendment 1901- set up guidelines for United States and Cuban relations

Attempted to protect Cuban independenceBut gave US power to oversee Cuban

domestic and international affairs to ensure its independence

Permitted US to buy land for coaling stations and naval bases

Cuba cannot negotiate treaties

Platt Amendment

1899 Filipino forces led by Aguinaldo began to fight the US troops stationed in the Philippines

Filipinos were fighting for their full independence

Theodore Roosevelt declared the conflict over in 1902 but there were small uprisings for years after that

The Philippines did not get full independence until 1946

Philippine Insurrection