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Spanish American War

Mr. Mulholland

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Overview

Causes

Leaders

Timeline-Events

Maps

Cartoons

Evaluation

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Causes of Spanish American

War

Imperialism

Social Darwinism- Activity

http://www.smplanet.com/imperialism/activity.html

Yellow Journalism

Militarism

Industrial Revolution

World Power (land)

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Imperialism

The policy of extending a nation's authority

by territorial acquisition or by the

establishment of economic and political

control over other nations

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Social Darwinism

• The application of Darwinism to the study

of human society, specifically a theory in

sociology that individuals or groups

achieve advantage over others as the result

of genetic or biological superiority.

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Yellow Journalism

• Journalism that exploits, distorts, or

exaggerates the news to create sensations

and attract readers.

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Militarism

1.Glorification of the ideals of a professional

military class

2. A policy in which military preparedness is

of primary importance to a state

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Industrial Revolution

• The complex of radical socioeconomic

changes, such as the ones that took place in

England in the late 18th century, that are

brought about when extensive

mechanization of production systems

results in a shift from home-based hand

manufacturing to large-scale factory

production

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World Power

• Need for new markets to sell goods

• More land to get raw materials

• Keep up with European Powers

• Goals of leadership

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To Hell with Spain

Remember the Maine • At 9:40pm on February

15, 1898, the battleship U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor

• 268 men were killed, shocking the American population

• What or who caused this explosion?

• http://www.homeofheroes.com/wallofhonor/spanish_am/02_maine.html

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Waiting for the Facts

• Who is waiting?

• Why should we wait for the “facts”?

• Why might the United States want to go to war?

• What positive effects or outcomes could come from a war with Spain?

Leaders

William McKinley

Theodore Roosevelt

George Dewey

William Randolph Hearst

General Weyler “The Butcher

Emilio Aguinaldo

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William McKinley, Jr. (1843-1901)

• 25th President

• Wanted to avoid war in Cuba

• Yellow journalism and public supported war

• In April 1898, President McKinley abandoned his failed diplomatic efforts and asked Congress for permission to intervene in Cuba.

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Theodore Roosevelt Assistant Secretary of

the Navy.

• “I should welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one”

• First Volunteer Cavalry, nicknamed the "Rough Riders.“ Stop, drop, that’s how rough riders roll…..(DMX)

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Commodore George Dewey

• May 1, 1899—

Commodore Dewey and

his Asiatic Squadron

defeated the Spanish fleet

in Manila Bay

• During and after the war,

George Dewey became

one of the war's most

celebrated heroes

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William Randolph Hearst

• Newspaper publisher and leading example of yellow journalism

• New York Journal started a public hysteria for war with Spain by publishing incendiary articles and illustrations

• Hearst once said "You provide the pictures and I'll provide the war."

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General Weyler “The Butcher”

• In 1896, the Spanish sent "The Butcher," to Cuba

• To prevent the insurrectos

– Weyler built concentration camps in which he imprisoned a large portion of the population

• Under the harsh and unsanitary conditions in the concentration camps,

– Cuban prisoners died rapidly, especially from disease

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Emilio Aguinaldo

The Philippines'

revolutionary leader Fought first against

Spanish imperialism

After the end of the

Spanish- American

War, fought against

American

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Events-Timeline

1895: Cuban nationalists revolt against Spanish rule

1896: Spanish General Weyler (the "Butcher") comes to Cuba.

1897: Spain recalls Weyler

Early 1898: USS Maine sent to Cuba

February 9, 1898: Hearst publishes Dupuy du Lome's letter insulting McKinley.

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Sensational Journalism or Yellow Journalism

Activity

• Screaming newspaper headlines about the situation in Cuba in the 1890s helped fan the flames of war by influencing public opinion in the United States

– Research current headlines aimed at selling newspapers -- rather than telling honest stories --look at newsstands and in supermarket checkout lines

– Research some of the headlines and stories published in the World and the Journal in the 1890s and compare these with the headlines found in modern tabloid papers

• How are they similar and/or different? Are any stories more or less harmful than others?

• http://www.humboldt.edu/~jcb10/spanwar.shtml

• http://www.boondocksnet.com/gallery/cartoons/1898/index_bart.html

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Quiz-1 pts each

1. List 3 causes of the Spanish American

War

2. What ship sunk to start the war?

3. Who was the President in 1898?

4. Who was the Assistant Sec. of Navy

5. What role did Yellow Journalism play in

the Spanish American War

Foxborough History Department 24

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Spanish Politeness

• Who is holding the

knife?

• Name the ship

• Is this an example of

Yellow Journalism?

Explain

Events- Timeline

February 15, 1898: Sinking of the USS Maine

February 25, 1898: Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt cables Commodore Dewey with plan: attack the Philippines if war with Spain breaks out

April 11, 1898: McKinley approves war with Spain

April 24, 1898: Spain declares war on the US

April 25, 1898: US declares war on Spain

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Let go of him McKinley

• Who is McKinley

holding?

• Who is being

attacked?

• What is the message

to the public in 1898?

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Events-Timeline

May 1, 1898: Battle of Manila Bay (Philippines)

May, 1898: July 1, 1898: San Juan Hill taken by "Rough Riders"

July 3, 1898: Battle of Santiago - Spain's Caribbean fleet destroyed.

July 7, 1898: Hawaii annexed

July 17, 1898: City of Santiago surrenders to General William Shafter

August 12, 1898: Spain signs armistice

August 13, 1898: US troops capture Manila

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July 1, 1898: San Juan Hill taken by "Rough Riders"

Events- Timeline

December 10, 1898: Treaty of Paris signed - US annexes Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines for $20 million.

January 23, 1899: Philippines declares itself an independent republic - Led by Emilio Auginaldo, the self-declared Filipino government fights a guerilla war against the US that lasts longer than the Spanish-American War itself.

February 6, 1899: the Treaty of Paris passes in the Senate

1900: Foraker Act - Some self-government allowed in Puerto Rico

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Events-Timeline

March 1901: Emilio Auginaldo captured.

1901: Platt Amendment-Cuban government could not enter any foreign agreement, allows two naval bases in Cuba and U.S can intervene when necessary

1902: US withdraws from Cuba

1917: Puerto Ricans given US citizenship

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Map

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Results of the Spanish American

War

• Treaty of Paris signed on December 10, 1898 ended the Spanish- American War

• Cuba went free, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines were ceded to the US, and the US agreed to pay Spain an indemnity of $20 million

• America becomes a world power

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Quiz-Question’s 1-3

1. Who am I?

2. What was my role

in the Spanish

American War?

3. What was the

nickname of my

voluntary Calvary?

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Quiz-Questions 4-6

4. What role did Yellow

Journalism play in the

war?

5. What ship blew up

that sparked the war?

6. Who was the

President during the

Spanish American

War?

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Question 7

7. What hill is being

taken by T.R and the

Rough Riders?

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Question 8

8. Who am I?

Hint the Admiral in

Philippines

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Short Answers

• Do you think there is any such thing as a "splendid little war"? What other wars might some people remember as "splendid little" ones? Who might think these wars were not so splendid? Who usually suffers most in a war? Who has to bear the long-term effects of a war?

• What responsibilities does the press have in terms of how it reports news stories? What are the short-term benefits of exaggerating or fabricating stories to make exciting headlines? What might be some long-term benefits of adhering to the truth?

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How We Got Hawaii

Bayonet Constitution

• Planters forced King Kalakaua to sign a

constitution which gave the planters, led by

Sanford Dole, control of the islands

• Hawaii had already leased Pearl Harbor to

the US for fueling

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Queen Liliuokalani

• Strong nationalist “Hawaii is for

Hawaiians”

• Dole proclaimed Hawaii a republic

• Requested annexation

• Queen Lil kept throne but

lost all power

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Work Cited

• Timeline- Sparknotes

http://www.sparknotes.com/history/american/spanishamerican/

• Other Web Sites- PBS Movie web site http://www.pbs.org/crucible/

• Small Planets

http://www.smplanet.com/imperialism/teacher.html#Outline

• Pictures http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi&ie=UTF-

8&oe=UTF-8&q=