Clark University Front Matter Source: Economic Geography, Vol. 48, No. 3, Spatial Structure and Process in Tropical West Africa (Jul., 1972) Published by: Clark University Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/142904 . Accessed: 09/05/2014 18:43 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . Clark University is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Economic Geography. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 62.122.76.85 on Fri, 9 May 2014 18:43:28 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Transcript
Clark University
Front MatterSource: Economic Geography, Vol. 48, No. 3, Spatial Structure and Process in Tropical WestAfrica (Jul., 1972)Published by: Clark UniversityStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/142904 .
Accessed: 09/05/2014 18:43
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].
.
Clark University is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Economic Geography.
http://www.jstor.org
This content downloaded from 62.122.76.85 on Fri, 9 May 2014 18:43:28 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY is a quarterly journal publishing articles in the fields of economic geog- raphy and urban geography. The journal is published by Clark University for the benefit of geographers, economists, urbanists, generalists in education and the professions, as well as all those interested in the intelligent utilization of the world's resources.
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Spatial Structure and Process in Tropical West Africa
ROBERT H. T. SMITH, GUEST EDITOR
CONTENTS FOR JULY, 1972
The Identification of Development Regions in Developing Countries Milton E. Harvey 229
Systems of Agriculture in Tropical Africa .................. George Benneh 244
Passenger Transport Demand in West Africa: Submarkets and Their Spatial Structure ............J.......... .... Jill Brindley and Alan M. Hay 258
The Urban System in the Migration Process: An Evaluation of Step-Wise Mi-
gration in Sierra Leone .......... J. Barry Riddell and Milton E. Harvey 270
The Spatial Organization of Residential Areas in Accra, Ghana, with Particu- lar Reference to Aspects of Modernization ............ Richard R. Brand 284
Rural Periodic Markets and the Extension of an Urban System: A Western
Nigeria Example .................... ..... Thomas H. Eighmy 299
The Spatial Structure of Rural Northern Nigeria: Farmers, Periodic Markets, and Villages ........................................... Earl P. Scott 316
The Periodic Market System in Northeastern Ghana ........ Wayne McKim 333
The Spatial and Temporal Synchronization of Periodic Markets: Evidence from Four Emirates in Northern Nigeria
Polly Hill and Robert H. T. Smith 345
The editors and the University assume no responsibility for statements and opinions expressed by contributors.
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Copyright 1972 by Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610
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Since the conception of this set of papers in 1969, numerous changes, spatial and otherwise, have occurred in tropical Africa; the nine pa- pers presented here are addressed to only a small number of the many possible themes that might have been explored. Furthermore, the papers are concerned almost entirely with tropical West Africa, although this areal focus was unintended. For these reasons, we have here a highly selective but relatively current snapshot of several aspects of the space econ-
omy of tropical Africa. The stage is set by Milton Harvey's discus-
sion of development regions; the paper is con- cerned, first, with an appropriate methodology for defining functional regions, and second, with an application of this methodology to Sierra Leone. Agricultural systems are the sub- ject of papers by George Benneh and Earl Scott. Benneh presents a classification of tropi- cal African agricultural systems, emphasizing the interaction of the constituent elements of various types of agriculture. In contrast, Earl Scott attempts to unravel the complexities of the spatial organization of rural northern Ni- geria. Drawing on his extensive field experience in the vicinity of Katsina, he explores the inter- action between farmers, traders, periodic mar- kets, and settlements of various sizes.
While there is a considerable literature on both the movement of goods and migration in West Africa, there are very few studies of passenger transport. Jill Brindley and Alan Hay discuss the spatial characteristics of this phe- nomenon, drawing on their research in Ghana, Ivory Coast, and Nigeria. In particular, they identify several submarkets and examine their distinctive spatial structures.
A fourth theme, focusing on two aspects of the migration process, is addressed in papers by Barry Riddell and Milton Harvey, and Richard Brand. Riddell and Harvey use a
particularly rich and useful data source from Sierra Leone to examine several hypotheses
about step-wise migration. They point to the alarming policy implications of this process: "if unchecked, primacy [of Freetown] and the migration process will mutually reinforce one another indefinitely." Richard Brand's analysis of the spatial organization of Accra's residential areas complements the Riddell and Harvey pa- per, because he examines the end result of the migration process.
Several papers are concerned with periodic markets. Earl Scott's discussion of Katsina questions several widely accepted generaliza- tions about these fascinating spatio-temporal phenomena. Thomas Eighmy argues that peri- odic markets can be understood in the context of "general spatial diffusion and central place theory," and presents an exceptionally interest- ing approach to the simulation of a periodic market network in the context of southwestern Nigeria. Wayne McKim's paper on the periodic market system in northeastern Ghana draws upon intensive field work conducted in 1968; several spatial aspects of the network of peri- odic markets are discussed in detail, but per- haps the most interesting and useful is con- cerned with trader travel behavior. Polly Hill and Robert Smith examine a number of hypoth- eses about the spatial and temporal synchroni- zation of periodic markets. In particular, they focus on the presumed role of consumers and traveling traders in establishing the meeting sequence for a set of periodic market places.
Although the collection is far from compre- hensive, there is, nevertheless, considerable variety in the topics discussed. It reflects the vigorous and diverse research effort on the spa- tial structure of the economy of this important part of the world. Hopefully, work of this kind will find its way into the policy maker's brief- case, because it is now abundantly clear that intelligent economic planning can no longer proceed in a spatial vacuum.
ROBERT H. T. SMITH
Queen's University
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