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SPATIAL UNDERSTANDINGSA Regional Study of Wellington’s Colonised Streams
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Initial Studies
InitialAcceleratedStudies PhotographicDescriptions
Research Refinement
RefiningStudyAreas SupportingTheory+Discussion PrecedentStudies
Intensive Studies
Black Creek - Wainuiomata Situation+Context Typologies Assemblages+ConditionsofSpace
Owhiro Stream - Owhiro Bay Situation+Context Typologies Assemblages+ConditionsofSpace
Kaiwharawhara Stream - Kaiwharawhara Situation+Context Typologies Assemblages+ConditionsofSpace
Waiwhetu Stream - Lower Hutt Situation+Context Typologies Assemblages+ConditionsofSpace
Conclusions
Conclusions WorksCited+FurtherReading
6-89
1213
14-15
1819
20-27
2829
30-41
4243
44-53
5455
56-69
7273
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INTRODUCTION
StreamlandscapesofNewZealandhaveseenalotofneglectinthelastcentury,manyhavebeenwhittleddowntotheirmostmaintainablestate-slowlyremovingthestreamfrominclusionwithinthepubliclifeofcommunities.ThisstudyaimstoanalyserelevantstreamsintheWellingtonRegioninordertofurtherquestion,andunderstand,theimplicationsofthecurrentstream-scapes,steppingoutsidetheecologicalworldandintospatialunderstanding.
Theresearchholdsitssignificancebykeepingtwofeetontheground‘literally’walkingthesespacesexperiencingthemandunderstandingthemfromapersonalandtheoreticalposition-inagoaltobetterpeoplesunderstandingofwhatthelandscapeaffordsthecommunity,asitmanoeuvresthroughthebuiltlandscape.
AlloftheinitialchosenstudyareasarebasedwithinWellingtonRegiontoallowphysicalaccess.
Thefollowingmaps(pages6-8)areverybasicandaredesignedsothatanyreadermayfindandwalktheselandscapestohaveamuchmoretangibleunderstandingofthisproject.Accesspointsandstreamlocatorsareprovidedonallmapsaswellasgenerallocationinformation.
InitialAcceleratedStudiesRapid studies of initial chosen streams for research, giving a general idea of which streams have the potentials within them to be studied.
ResearchrefinementRefinement and review of the aims of this project, the study areas and theory behind the ideas the project discusses.
IntensiveStudiesThoroughly analysing the study areas chosen, walking them, drawing them, and discussing them.
ConclusionsFinal conclusions based on research and theory including works sited/further reading.
SCOPE INITIAL MAPS
RESEARCH STAGES
KeyforMaps
StreamSelectedforFurtherResearch
StreamRemovedfromFurtherResearch
AccessPoint
StreamLocator
X
X
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1.0INITIAL SITE STUDIES
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6
AKaiwharawhara Stream,KaiwharawharaAccess:KaiwharawharaRoad+SchoolRoad BGilberd Bush Reserve,Newlands
Access:BayswaterPlace
Access Point
Stream
Access Point
Access Point
Stream
Initial StudiesINITIAL ACCELERATED STUDIES - 01
CPercy Scenic Reserve,LowerHuttAccess:BarberryGrove+StanhopeGrove
Access Point
Access Point
Access Point
Stream
D Rona Street Stream, EastbourneAccess:RonaStreet
Stream
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Access Point
Access Point
Access Point
Stream
Stream
EHair Street Stream, WainuiomataAccess:HairStreet FBlack Creek, Wainuiomata
Access:BestStreet+FitzherbertRoad
INITIAL ACCELERATED STUDIES - 02 Initial Studies
GWaiwhetu Stream, LowerHuttAccess:RiversideDrive HElliot Park, Brooklyn
Access:HooverStreet
Access Point
Access Point
Stream
Stream
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INITIAL ACCELERATED STUDIES - 03 Initial Studies
Access Point
Access Point
Access Point
Access Point
Stream
Stream
JI Wrights Hill Reserve + Makara Peak Mountain Bike Park,SouthKaroriAccess:SouthKaroriRoad+FitzgeraldPlace
Owhiro Stream, OhiroBayAccess:HappyValleyRoad+OwhiroBayParade
LCentral Park,WellingtonCityAccess:BrooklynRoadKOtari Wiltons Bush,Wilton
Access:WiltonRoad+KaroriCemetery
Access Point
Access Point
Access Point
Access Point
StreamStream
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PHOTOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTIONS Initial Studies
AKaiwharawhara Stream,KaiwharawharaAccess:KaiwharawharaRoad+SchoolRoad
D Rona Street Stream, EastbourneAccess:RonaStreet
EHair Street Stream, WainuiomataAccess:HairStreet
GWaiwhetu Stream, LowerHuttAccess:RiversideDrive
FBlack Creek, WainuiomataAccess:BestStreet+FitzherbertRoad
IOwhiro Stream, OhiroBayAccess:HappyValleyRoad+OwhiroBayParade
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2.0RESEARCH REFINEMENT
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12
REFINING STUDY AREAS
Aftercompletingtheinitialstudyprocess6streamswherechosenforfurtheranalysis.Thesesitesshowedavarietyofpartsthatcorrelatedwithwhatthisstudywaslookingfor,includinghousing,streamsandpublicspace-theyalsoprovidedthemostpotentialtoprovidesomethingmoreforthecommunitiestheyranthrough.
Initialconclusionsandspeculationsfoundthat:
- Richnesscamewithscalesofspacewithinonearea. - Richnessandvarietyisfoundwheresurroundingusershadmoreinfluenceonthelandscape - Thetopographicrelationships(betweenstreams,publicspaceandsurroundingdwellings)arecrucialinaffording
potentialmeetingbetweendifferentenvironments.
Fourofthesixstreamschosenpreviouslyhavebeenintensivelystudiedgivingtheabilitytogodowntoalevelofdetailthatwastangible.Thestudyingofthesestreamenvironmentsincluded:
Walking
- Walkingthelengthsofchosenstreamsandtheenvironmentsthatsurroundtheminordertounderstandthesitesatalevelthatisbasedfromontheground.
Mapping
- Creatinglargescaleaerialmapsthatallowthelandscapetobeinterpretedatalargerscale,whichismoreinclusiveofthesurroundingenvironment.
- Creatinganassemblageofphotos,sketches,aerialsandnotestofurtherunderstandtheaffectsofthesites.
DefiningTypologies/Reaches
- Understandingthesites intermsoftypologiesalongthelengthofthestreams- identifyingpointsofchangeinenvironmentsinordertobegintounderstandthemakeupofthelandscapeanditsaffectonaperson.
BreakdownofSpace
- Breakingdownthesetypological reaches inordertounderstandandgraphicallyexplain thefindingsabouttheaffectsofthestreamenvironments.
Eachsectionwilldetailitslocationclearlysothatfurtheruseofthefindingsareaccessible-ratherthancreatingaseriesofambiguousdiagramsthestudiesarerealandspatiallybasedontheground,whileallowingforfurtherinteractionsandresearchwiththematerial.
INITIAL CONCLUSIONS
INTENSIVE STUDY METHODOLOGY
ACCESSIBILITY OF DOCUMENT
MAPPING KEY (FOR SECTION 3.0)
Research Refinement
Differentscalesofspaceinoneenvironment.
Twoseparatespacesinoneenvironment.
Twointerrelatedsymbioticspacesinoneenvironment.
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Research RefinementSUPPORTING THEORY + DISCUSSION
Thecomplexitythatcomeswiththeissueofdesigningstreambasedlandscapesspreadstoeverycornerofthesocial,politicalanddesignedlyworlds,andthereforetheresearchpotentialsareextremelyvast.Belowis thebeginningsofimportanttheoreticalthatrelatetothesestudies.
Inequality
RecentlyRichardWilkinsonandKatePickettcreatedacollationofresearchdiscussingwhyequityisbetterforeveryone.‘TheSpiritLevel’questionsmodernsocialissuesindevelopedcountrieswithastoundingandirrefutableconclusions.Wilkinson and Pickett point out the pernicious effects and relationships that inequality has onsocieties,rangingfrompoorhealththroughtolackofcommunitylife(WilkinsonandPickett).Thiscollationofhardstatisticshasshiftedthoughtsthroughouttheworld,highlightingthehugeeffectinequalityhasonentirepopulations.
“According to Wilkinson and Pickett, unequal societies with large wealth disparities are bad, not just for the impact poverty has on the poor, but for the well-off as well” (Lewis)
Inrelationtothis is thestudyofspatial inequality,aconceptthat isbridgingsociologiespervasive interest insocialinequalitywithconcernsofunevenspatialdevelopmentthroughoutnations(Lobao,HooksandTickamyer3). It isaboutappreciating the spatial componentsof inequalityand their consequences;understanding thatthereisadirectlackofdevelopmentandresourcesdedicatedtoareasofpoorerpeople,whichhasaharmfuleffectontheequalitybetweenadjoiningsocieties.
NewZealand is far fromexempt to these issues,provennotonly in the ‘SpiritLevel’,butalso in theobviousdisparitiesbetweenimmediatelyneighbouringsuburbsthroughoutthecountry.ItisimportanttorecogniseNewZealanddoesnotknowhowtospatiallyintegratelow-incomehousingandinfrastructuresintosociety.Wemustlearnhowtoworkwiththesesituations,thedifferentpeoplethatresidewithinthem,andthelackofmoneythere is toachievechange.Streamsholda certainpower in theirenvironments,as theypass throughentiresuburbs,theycreatepotentialtoimprovepoorerareasthroughtheirembeddedstructure.
Public Territories, Well-being and Communities
Physical,mentalandculturalactivitiesofhumanbeingsrequireamongstotherthingsspacesforbreathingandbeinginspired,spacestolinger,toamble,todream,toplay,tomeetbyintentionorbychance(CouncilofEurope4).Theseareasareseenasavitalfactorforthewell-beingofindividualsandthecommunity.Thereforespaceswithoutconsideredpublicspatialenvironments(likemanyoftheneighbourhoodareasbasedaroundWellington’sstreams)havelittletobuildcommunityon.
Natural Environments
Theoverwhelmingpositiveeffectsanaturalenvironmenthasonpeopleofallculturalbackgroundsisoftentossedasideormaybenotcompletelyunderstood.Asweincreasinglygourban,societieshavebecomemoredisconnectedtonaturethaneverbefore,withtheeffectsofthisnottotallyunderstood.TheOttawaCharacterforHealthPromotionidentifiedthe importance of environments supportive of health – stating that the inextricable links between people and theirenvironmentarethebasisforasocio-ecologicalapproachtohealth(WorldHealthOrganisation).Thecentralthemewasthepromotionofhealthbymaximisingthehealthvaluesofeverydaysettings(Maller,TownsendandPryor).Theseideashavehuge implicationson landscapearchitectureandthesubstantialamountof research linkingcontactwithnaturalenvironments to biological,mental, social and economic outcomes prove this concept of socio-ecology has a stronglatentpotentialthatneedstobeconsidered.Streamshaveanenormouspotentialwhenrelatedtothis,theyareexistingdormantinfrastructuresthroughoutNZsuburbswaitingtobetappedinto.
Understanding Landscapes: Affordance and Thresholds
Thecomplexitiesembeddedwithinasiteareoftengeneralisedasthedisciplineseeksrefugeinunderstandinglandscapesassimplifiedprocesses,systemsandperformances.Understandingsthatdolittletofurthertheconceptionofhowthesespaceseffectaperson.Twoconceptswillbediscussedbelow;affordanceandtheconceptoflandscapethresholdsinthepublic-privaterealm.
Conceptualisingthelinkbetweentheenvironmentandtheactorisattheheartofaffordance.Thisideaunderstandsthata landscape isa functioningdynamicspace, realising that there isa reciprocal relationshipbetweenpeopleand theirenvironment.Weshapea landscapesothat itaffordsussomethingdifferent,thereforeadesignneedstounderstandits affectual relationshipwith people. Zeleke discussesmounting evidencewithin studies of the human environmentinteraction,showingthatthewaypeopleperceiveandreacttotheirenvironmentsisfundamentallythesameforpeopleofallcultures,thusensuringadegreeofvaliditytotheidea(Zeleke12).
Hertzbergerspeaksofspaceandtheterritorialboundariesbetweenpublicandprivatespace,interpretingtheseconceptsin the spatial terms of ‘collective’ and ‘individual’ realms (Hertzberger). Private space near surrounding residents isthereforeseenasanextradimensiongiventoapublicterritory.Hertzbergerclaimsthisthresholdprovidesthekeytothetransitionandconnectionbetweenareas,creatingthespatialconditionsforthemeetinganddialoguebetweenalternateareas(Hertzberger32).Acceptingthispremiseprovidestheconditionsforprivacy,whilemaintainingsocialcontactswithothers–ideasthatprovidebuildingcomponentsofcommunity.Hertzberger’sideasofpublic/privateenvironmentsareveryrelevanttostream-scapesandshouldconstantlybeexplored.
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Research RefinementPRECEDENT STUDIES
Raised Sidewalk, Buneos Aires. Apollo School, Amsterdam. Saint Peters Square, Rome
These examples explore how simple shifts in an environment can create a social space open to interpretation through organisation. In Buenos Aires this raised sidewalk becomes a place propagated for meeting, becoming an audience of the activity of the street, a wall to kick a ball against and so on... Similar environments are further seen at Apollo School and Saint Peters Square.Figures 1, 2, 3 (Hertzberger)
STRU
CTU
RAL
ORG
AN
ISAT
ION
OPE
N T
O P
ERSO
NA
L/CU
LTU
RAL
INTE
RPRE
TATI
ON
SIT
SHELTER
BALANCE
PLAY
Family Housing, The Hague By MVRDV
MVRDV has created a social housing project which avoids the propensity to default to a typical rowed prefab unit housing typology. Cutting and splitting these bars of prefabs created a shift into a more open garden-like environment, “It increased social diversity” (MVRDV). The project aimed to create an enormous series of cross-views that increase communication, open areas and social opportunities (MVRDV). In its economic restriction it seems as though a minimization of the infrastructure has led to a pedestrianised and social environment. Low, light hedges are used to divide properties while clusters form for larger plots that allow an ‘escape from the overwhelming density” (MVRDV). This project is an excellent example of low income housing that wishes to go beyond the front door - its internal structure and soft transitions between spaces seems to provide the ground for a social collective community. Although MVRDV has taken positive steps within this project, this project seems to be in isolation to the outside world, and questions may be asked about the ability for the community to create their own identity within such a distinctively characterised space.Figures 4, 5 (Houzz), 6 (Reinier de Jong)
Soft boundaries allow for public-private relationships
Alternating placement and density of housing creates collective spaces for people to move to
Private
Public
Public
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PRECEDENT STUDIES
Silverstream - Christchurch
This project shows a typical design of a New Zealand housing-stream environment, the monotony of the landscape is obtrusive leaving little open to become responsive. There are certain positive aspects in relation to this design such as the orientation of streets - opening to the stream. In contrast to this the overall internal structure of the housing and the stream environment are so simple and singularly levelled, that they leave little to the imagination of the people within them.Figures 7, 8, 9 (Silverstream Estate)
European approach - keeping the living/private environment separate from the public space. Divided into two entities
The stream environment is considered as a series/or a single destination point, disregarding the potentials of the rest of the landscape
Single focus point
Track connecting point to people
REPE
TITI
VE S
TREA
M S
ECTI
ON
S - S
UPP
RESS
ES C
HA
RACT
ER
PRIV
ATE
PUBL
ICPublic Water Channel in Germany
Public Water Channel in PeruStream Daylighting Project in New Zealand
Stream in Japan Canal in the Netherlands
Stream in the USA Public Water Channel in India
Figures 13, 14 (Lisas Town) 15 (Construction and Council) 16 (Travel Blog), 17 (Kazetabi) 18 (Paradise in the World), 19 (Architizer), 20 (ABC News)
Research Refinement
16
3.0INTENSIVE STUDIES
17
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BLACK CREEK · SITUATION+CONTEXT Intensive Studies
1.0km
2.0km
0.0km
0.5km
WainuiomataRoad
PedestrianCrossing
MajorVehicleCrossing
Typology A Typology B Typology C
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BLACK CREEK · TYPOLOGIES
0.0km
0.5km
Intensive Studies
Norfolk Street Bridge
344 Upper Fitzherbert Street
Main Road Bridge
Wainuiomata River
20
TYPOLOGY A
Location: Northern reach of the stream between Norfolk Street bridge and Upper Fitzherbert Street.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:100 @ A3, 1:200 @ A4
BLACK CREEK · ASSEMBLAGE+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
288 Wellington Road
Section Cut
21
PRIVATEREALM
PUBLICREALM
PUBLICREALM
Isolatedspaceduetolackofaccessacrosswatergivessafetyfromtrespassersandthepotentialforthisareatobecomepartoftheadjacentproperty.Allowingtheprivatetobegintomanipulatethepublicspace.
Steepgradedividesalinkbetweeneastandwestandaccesstostream.
SolidFencesdividelinksbetweenprivateandpublicrealms
Repetitionofmonotonousenvironmentcreatesalostsenseofcharacterthatthepublichasnoinfluenceon
Relationshipbetweenthestreamandsurroundinglandscapeshowsaseveregapinscale,wheretheintimacyofthestreamisoverpoweredbyitssurroundinglandscape.
BLACK CREEK · ASSEMBLAGE+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
22
BLACK CREEK · ASSEMBLAGE+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
TYPOLOGY B
Location: Northern reach of the stream between Norfolk Street bridge and Main Road Bridge.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4
12 Hyde Street
Section Cut
23
BLACK CREEK · ASSEMBLAGE+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
Spaceisenclosedbysurroundingfencesand
densevegetation.
Vegetationaddsorremovesprivacyrelationships
betweenpublicandprivateenvirons.
3.LowerTerrace
2.WalkwaySpace
SCALESOFSPACE
Thisareagenerallyhasthreescalesofspace1.Collectivepublicrealmofthestream/
creekcorridor2.Thewalkwayspace
3.Lowerterraceenvironment
Eachscaleaffordsadifferentrelationshipwiththestreamenvironment,aswell
asabalancebetweenprivacyandbeingcollectivelypartofthecommunity
environment.
Removedformtheabovewalkwayspace,thegradeandvegetationcreatesenclosureandasenseofprivacy-thuschangingtheconstructsandaffectsofthespace.
ACCESSAccesstotheareaaredefinedbyparksoralleywaysleftbetweenplots.
1.PUBLICREALMPRIVATEREALM PRIVATEREALM
Continuedrepetitionofmonotonousenvironmentcreatesalostsenseofcharacterthatthepublichasnoinfluenceon
Thecontextual(mountains)aspectsofthelandscapebecomethemainfocusofthewalkwayenvironment,duetolossofinterestintheforegroundlandscapeandsheerscale.
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BLACK CREEK · ASSEMBLAGE+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
TYPOLOGY C
Location: Northern reach of the stream between Main Road Bridge and Wainuiomata River.Plan Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4Section Scale: 1:100 @ A3, 1:200 @ A4
27 Stanley Street
Section Cut
25
BLACK CREEK · ASSEMBLAGE+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
Publicandprivaterealmsbegintoinformoneanotherandthereforethe
environmentbecomesmuchmorediverse.
Privatespacespillingintothepublicrealm.
Densevegetationbecomesamajorinformingfactorforthisenvironment.Allowingthepublicrealmtonotbedominatedbysurroundingprivatedwellings.
Repetitionofthelandscapeshiftsastheprivatelandhasmoreinfluenceonthelandscape,creatingalevelofcommunityandcharacterwithintheenvironment.
SCALESOFSPACE
Thescaleinthisenvironmenthasentirelyshiftedintermsofitssharesize.Thelandscapehasbecomemuchmoreintimateinthisrespect.Thisshiftinsizehasmeantthefocusisturnedontheimmediateenvironmentratherthanthesurroundinghillsandthelandscapeaheadofaperson.
PUBLIC-PRIVATEREALMPRIVATEREALM
26
BLACK CREEK · ASSEMBLAGE+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
45 Stanley Street
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY C
Location: Northern reach of the stream between Main Road Bridge and Wainuiomata River.Plan Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4Section Scale: 1:100 @ A3, 1:200 @ A4
27
BLACK CREEK · ASSEMBLAGE+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
SCALESOFSPACE
Intimacyofthelandscapecontinuesbuttherelationshipbetweenthewalkingspaceandthestreamshiftsintermsoftopography.
Thelandscapecreatesthreescalesofspacehere,increasingthelevelofaffordabilitywithinthestreamenvironment.
Topographicrelationshipallowsmovementdowntotheriversedge.
Vegetationonbothsidesofthestreamseparatetheinternalstreamenvironmentfromexternalinfluence.Focusingallattentiononthestream.
1.PUBLICREALM
3.StreamEdge2.Walkway
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OWHIRO STREAM · SITUATION+CONTEXT
PedestrianCrossing
MajorVehicleCrossing
HappyV
alleyRoa
d
HappyValleyRoad
Murchiso
nStreet
RobertsonStreet
OwhiroBayParade
Land
fi ll R
oad
0.5km
1.0km
0.0km
0.25
km
Intensive Studies
Typology ATypology BTypology CTypology DTypology ETypology FTypology GTypology H
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OWHIRO STREAM · TYPOLOGIES
0.0km
0.25
km
Intensive Studies
End of Study Area
469A Owhiro Road
Happy Valley Road + Landfill Road IntersectionReach Not Accessible
Happy Valley Road + Murchison Road Intersection
12 Domanski CrescentReach Not Accessible
509 Owhiro Road
307 Happy Valley Road23B Happy Valley Road
30
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
50 Domanski Crescent
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY C
Location: Between 12 Domanski Crescent and Happy Valley Road + Murchison Road Intersection.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
31
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
Steeptopographyandoverhangingvegetationenclosesthespace-creatingasmallerscalepersonalenvironment.
Theopenparkspaceisdividedfromthestreamduetothefencelineandvegetationdensity.Thiscreatesthesenseofprivacyinbelowenvironment-butseparatesanyconnectionbetweenspaces.
PUBLICREALM
PUBLICREALM
SCALESOFSPACE
Therearetwospaceswithinthisenvironment.Theaboveparkandthestreambelow,thisvarietybeginstoaddarichnessthataffordsdifferentpotentialsforpeople.
Thesetwospacesarenotinterrelatedorinformingoneanother,whichcreatesanincreaseddivisionbetweenthespaces.
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OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
180 Happy Valley Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY C
Location: Between 12 Domanski Crescent and Happy Valley Road + Murchison Road Intersection.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
33
1.PUBLICREALM
2.ParkingSpace
3.Terrace
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
Gradeleveldifferencebetweenthisspaceandtheupperpublicrealmformsanicheenvironmentcreatingthepotentialforprivatesocialactivities.
Topographyallowsaccesstothestreamallowingpeopletointeractwithit.
Carparkputsspacebetweenthelowertierenvironmentandthemainpublicwalkways-creatingaseparatedindividualspace.
SCALESOFSPACE
Althoughsimilarintypologytothepreviouspage(32),thisenvironmentincludesthestreamintothelargerpublicrealm,whilemaintainingtwoscalesofspace.
34
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
277 Happy Valley Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY E
Location: Between Happy Valley Road + Landfill Road Intersection and 307 Happy Valley Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
35
Thestreamhasnophysicalconnectiontothepublicrealmassteepbanksandvegetationlimitsaccess.Thestreamactsasadividerofspacesthatallowsnofencingofthecommercialpropertyandthereforeastrongerconnectionwiththepublicenvironment.
Thecommercialpropertyisopentothepublicrealmformingamutualisticrelationship,whereeachrealminfluencesoneanother-affordingpotentialfortheadjoiningenvironmentsandpeopletointeract.
PUBLICREALM
DIFFERENTREALMSINFORMINGEACHOTHER
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PRIVATE/COMMERCIALREALM
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OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
South of 509 Ohiro Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY F
Location: Between 307 Happy Valley Road and 509 Owhiro Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4
37
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
Revegetationplantingisslowlyseparatingthepublicrealmfromthestreamenvironment.Thestreammaintainsnophysicalconnectiontothepublicrealmassteepbanksandvegetationlimitsaccess.
Topographyoneithersideofthespaceshereissteep-pinchingthelandscapeinthepublicrealmgivingasenseofcontextualrealisation(ofbeinginavalley)
38
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
485 Ohiro Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY G
Location: Between 509 Owhiro Road and 469A Owhiro Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
39
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM SEMI-PRIVATEREALM
PRIVATEREALMStreambecomesanaccessiblepartofthepublicrealm.
Privateandpublicrealmsbegintocrossoveraffordingopportunitiesforsocialmeetingsbetweenspaces.
Topographyshiftmakesthestreambecomevirtuallymoreapartofthepublicenvironmentandthereforethereisnotasenseofintrudingonprivatespace.
Privatedwellingissetbackintothehill-nofencesmakethebuildingnon-intrusive,butaddstothepublicspaceratherthanfocusinginonitself.
40
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
378 Owhiro Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY H
Location: Between 469A Owhiro Road and the end of study area.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
41
OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
Therelationshipofthestreamandthepublicspaceiscompletelyseparatedbyamainroad-nolongeraffordingpotentialtocreatenewlevelsofspaceandinteractions.
42
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · SITUATION+CONTEXT
PedestrianCrossing
MajorVehicleCrossing 0.
5km
1.0km
0.0km
0.25
km
Intensive Studies
Typology ATypology BTypology CTypology DTypology E
43
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · TYPOLOGIES Intensive Studies
0.0km
0.25
km
Wellington Urban MotorwayNot Accessible
Hutt Road + School RoadIntersection
17 School Road
Trelissick Park EntranceNear 71 Kaiwharawhara Road
End of Study AreaNear 101 Waikowhai Street
44
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
110 Hutt Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY A
Location: Between Wellington Urban Motorway and Hutt Road + School Road Intersection.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
45
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
Streamenvironmentissurroundedbyparkingareas.Thiscreatesadifficultenvironmentforpeopletointeractwiththestreambeyondavisualbasis.
Parkingactsasadeadspace.Thistypologyofactivityexcludesthestreamfromthepublicspace.
46
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
7 Kaiwharawhara Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY B
Location: Between Hutt Road + School Road Intersection and 17 School Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
47
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
Streamenvironmentenclosedbytheadjacenthillandcommercialbuildings.Shiftingthefocusinontheimmediatelandscape.
Nativevegetationvisuallypullyoutowardsthestreamedgebutverticalwallspreventphysicalaccess.
48
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
17 School Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY B
Location: Between Hutt Road + School Road Intersection and 17 School Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
49
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
1.PUBLICREALM
3.StreamEdge
2.Walkway
Thestreamlandscapeiscompletelyfocusedinonitselfduetosurroundingtopographyandlargecommercialbuildingsatitsperimeters.
Stepscreateanewlevelofspacethataffordssmallerscalerelationshipswithinthestreamenvironment.
SCALESOFSPACE
Twoscalesofspacesarecreatedbythelandscape,addingdiversitytointeractions
possiblewiththeenvironment.
50
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
69 Kaiwharawhara Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY C
Location: Between 17 School Road and Trelissick Park Entrance (near 71 Kaiwharawhara Road).Plan Scale: 1:500 @ A3, 1:1000 @ A4Section Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4
51
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
PRIVATE-COMMERCIALREALM
Publicspaceisbroadandfocusesalotonitscontextduetoalackofsmallerscaledspaces.
Commercialspaceopensuptothepublicenvironmentcreatingopportunitiesfortheadjoiningenvironmentstointeractandcreaterichness.
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KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
107 Ngaio Gorge Road
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY D
Location: Between Trelissick Park Entrance (Near 71 Kaiwharawhara Road) and the end of the study area (near 101 Waikowhai Street).Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
53
KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
1.PUBLICREALM
2.Walkway
3.LowerTerrace
Publicspacefocusesonbothit’scontextandtheimmediatelandscape.Thelevelofthisfocusisdependantonvegetationdensity,andtopographyandit’srelationshiptothemainopen/publicspace.
Difficultaccessmakestheenvironmentsignificantlymoreprivateandexcluded
fromtheabovespace.
SCALESOFSPACE
Topographicshiftsandvaryingstreamwaterlevelscreatedifferentscalesofspaces.
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WAIWHETU STREAM · SITUATION+CONTEXT
1.0km
2.0km
0.0km
0.5km
MajorVehicleCrossing
Intensive Studies
Typology A Typology B Typology C Typology D Typology E Typology F
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WAIWHETU STREAM · TYPOLOGIES Intensive Studies
0.0km
0.5km
Waiwhetu Stream Mouth
Bell Road BridgeNear 1-9 Bell Road South
Seaview Road BridgeNear 5 Port Road
Hamerton Street Bridge14 Hamerton Street
Foci Shift in Typology50 Wyndrum Ave
50 Waddington Drive
41 Riverside Drive
56
WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
53 Port Road
Section CutSection Cut
TYPOLOGY A
Location: Between Waiwhetu Stream Mouth and Seaview Road Bridge (near 5 Port Road).Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4
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WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
Theindustriallandscapediminishesthepresenceofvarietyinthelandscape.Itsspatialconstructisnarroweddowntoonescaleofspace.
Fencesblocksmallerscaledrelationshipswiththestream.
Monotonoustextureandscaleofspacemakesthestreamdifficulttorelatetoata‘human’scaleotherthanavisualone.
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WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
5 Quadrant Drive
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY B
Location: Between Seaview Road Bridge (near 5 Port Road) and Bell Road Bridge (near 1-9 Bell Road South).Plan Scale: 1:500 @ A3, 1:1000 @ A4Section Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4
59
WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
Thelandscapeopensupbutthescaleofspaceisstillverysingularandlarge.Thiscreatesanenvironmentthatconcentratesonitssurroundings.
Streamedgesmakeitdifficulttomovetothestreamedgeandinteractata
smallerscale.
Largegrassedareashavediverseaffordancevalue.
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WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
11A Riverside Drive
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY C
Location: Between Bell Road Bridge (near 1-9 Bell Road South) and 41 Riverside Drive.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
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WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM PUBLICREALM
Spaceisdividedfromexteriorenvironmentsduetothestopbankandvegetation.
Longgrassandboggygroundpreventscertainrelationshipsbetweenpeopleandthestream.
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WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
85 Riverside drive
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY D
Location: Between 41 Riverside Drive and 14 Hamerton Street.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
63
WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
1.PUBLICREALM
2.StreamBank3.Edge3.Edge
2.StreamBank
Presenceofwildlifeandaccesstowatersedgecreatesanewsmallerscaleofinteraction.
SCALESOFSPACE
Proportionsandrelationshipsbetweendifferentlandscapeelementsaffordspotentialsforinteractionatdifferentscales.
64
WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
45 Wyndrum Avenue
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY D
Location: Between 41 Riverside Drive and 14 Hamerton Street.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
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WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
PRIVATEREALM
Publicspacehasavisualonlyrelationshipwiththestream.Theenvironmentisopenononesidetopublicspaceandtheprivaterealmontheothercreatingasenseofcommunitythroughacomfortablebalancebetweenthetworealms.
Senseofcommunityiscreatedbyprivatespaceopeningtothepublicenvironment.
66
WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
4 Balgownie Grove
Section Cut
TYPOLOGY E
Location: Between Hamerton Street Bridge (near 14 Hamerton Street) and 50 Waddington Drive.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
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WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
PRIVATEREALM
Abilityforneighbourstooseeoverfencecreatesalevelofsecurity.
Densevegetationallowsthespacetobecomecollectiveasabalancebetweenpublicandprivatespaceiscreated.
Asenseofcommunityiscreatedinthepublicspaceduetoanoverlookingofthepublicspacebyaprivaterealm.
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WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
TYPOLOGY F
Location: Between 50 Waddington Drive and the end of the study area (near 232 Naenae Road).Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4
33 Shearer Crescent
Section Cut
69
WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies
PUBLICREALM
PRIVATEREALM
Thepublicandprivateinterfaceisblockedbyfences.Thesedon’tallowenvironmentstointeractorinfluenceoneanother.Stiflingopportunitiesfor
newscalesofspace.
Concretechannelcreatesanenvironmentforpeopletomovealongandinteractwithboththestreamand
otherwalkers.
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4.0STUDY CONCLUSIONS
71
72
CONCLUSIONS
KEY PRINCIPLES OF SPACE
This piece of research searched for discoveries about stream environments and their relationship with the people within them, simultaneously it searched for methods to represent these environments at a detail that was at a scale of tangibility. Below are three principals of space that were discovered:
Scales of SpaceSpace is defined by scales, many stream environments become simplified down to one large scale of environment. These spatial environments are not tangible for more intimate meetings and interactions with the environment and people within them. When a space incorporates many scales of space in one environment the potential of interactions is much higher.
Interacting RealmsPublic and private realms often are separated by hard fences or topography, when these territorial boundaries are broken down a mutualistic relationship is formed. These influence create new scales of space, a stronger character of space and a sense of communal relationships.
Public-Private Balance/HarmonyBoth public and private realms hold certain affordance values to people in the landscape, as the dominance of one of these realms is established the space changes (e.g. privacy, sense of community etcetera). When there is an equal balance of both environments the greatest sense of being part of a community is established.
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