SpecialSalawaatofthemonthofShabanSeyedMahmoudMadani-XKP

Published:2013Tag(s):islamSHIA"shiaebooks""ibooksshia"xkpshabansalamssalwatsalwaatzikr"ahlulbait""ahlulbayt"panjetanramdhan"welcomingramdhan""shabandua"shabaniyamunajat

1ChapterAuthor’spreface

For those of uswhowant to take a step and get closer toAllah, there is a special and opportuneseason.Inthisperiodoftimeone’seffortsandattemptsaremorerewardedandthejourneytowardsAllahgetsquicker.ThescentofdivinityandthetuneoftheQuranarespreadeverywhere.Thegoldenopportunityofdawn(sahar)becomesmoreimportant.RighteouspeopleidentifythemonthsofRajab,ShabanandRamadanasthespringoftheheart.AccordingtosometheAhadith,thefirstoneisthemonthofVelayat,thesecondmonthisthemonth

ofProphethoodandthethirdmonthisthemonthofAllah.

ناضمر رهش و ص هللا لوسر رهش نابعش و يرهش بجر رهش لوقی و ( بجر ) هموصی ناك هنأ ع نینمؤملا ریمأ نع يور دقف1] لج و زع هللا رهش ]

ItisnarratedabouttheCommanderoftheFaithfulthathewouldfastinthemonthofRajabandheisnarrated tohavesaid,“ThemonthofRajab ismymonthand themonthofShaban is themonthofMessengerofAllahandthemonthofRamadanisthemonthofAllahAlmighty.”AccordingtosomeIslamicscholars,mostofthepeoplewhowantedtostartaspecialprogramfor

refinementoftheirsoulsandtopurifythemselves,implementedafortydayplanwithinthesemonths.[2]SothewayfarerstowardsAllahinthemonthofShabanareinthemiddleofthisspringandifthey

haveusedtheopportunityofRajab,theyhavealreadyachievedacertainlevelofproximitytoAllah.Theycancontinuetheirwaysandaddtoitbyprayers,worshipandrecitationoftheQuran.EvenifsomeofuswerelazyinthemonthofRajabwecanmakeupforourshortageinthemonthofShabaanandprepareourselvesfortheupcomingmonthofRamadan.ThemonthofShabanisreallyvaluableanda lotofourAhadithpoint to thesignificanceof this

greatmonth.SomeofourgreatscholarsandnarratorsofAhadithlikeShaikhSadooqhavegatheredtheseAhadithinabookandinordertoremindourselvesofthehighrankofthismonthwenarratesomeofthemhere:

ةلمح و يرهش وه و فیرش رهش لاقف نابعش لئاضف هدنع اوركاذت دق و ص هللا لوسر لاق لاق سابع نبا نع هدنسب قودصلاو ةطوطحم ةئیسلا و نیعبسب ةنسحلا فعاضی هیف لمعلا رهش وه و نینمؤملا قازرأ هیف دازی رهش وه و هقح فرعت و همظعت شرعلاةلمح هب يهابیف همایق و هماوق و هماوص و همایص ىلإ رظنی و هدابعب هیف يهابی هلالج لج رابجلا و ةلوبقم ةنسحلا و روفغم بنذلاشرعلا

دهتجنل و همایق و همایص يف ةبغر دادزنل هلئاضف نم ائیش انل فص هللا لوسر ای يمأ و تنأ يبأب لاقف ع بلاط يبأ نب يلع ماقف هیف لج و زع لیلجلل

ةنس ةدابع لدعت ةنسح نیعبس هل هللا بتك نابعش نم موی لوأ ماص نم ص يبنلا لاقف ….نم مدقت و ىضم ام كل رفغ دقف ادیدج المع لمعلا فنأتسا اذه ای : شرعلا مادق نم لیئربج هادان نابعش نم اموی نیثالث ماص نم وكبونذSheikhSadooqnarrates fromIbnAbbaswith thechainofnarration,“In thepresenceofProphet

Mohammadwediscussed thegreatnessof themonthofShaban.ProphetMohammadsaid,“It isan

honorablemonthanditismymonth.ThecarriersofthethroneofAllahrespectitandknowitsgreatmagnitude. The blessings for the faithful increase in this month. This month is the month ofperformingactions, so the rewardofgoodactions is seventy timesmore (thanothermonths).Theevil gets cleansed and sins get forgiven and the good deeds are accepted. Allah is proud of hisservants.(Inthismonth)AllahlooksatthefastofthosewhofastandtheworshipofworshipperandboastsaboutittothecarriersofHisthrone.”[3]At thatmomentAli IbnAbutalib stoodup and asked, “Maymymother and father be sacrificed

beforeyou,please tellussomeof thevirtuesof thismonthsoweareencouraged toprayand fastmoreandstrivemore in thewayofourBelovedLord.”Then theProphetstartedwithsomeof therewardsoffastinginthismonthandsaid,“Anyonewhofastsonthefirstday,Allahgiveshimseventyrewardseachequal to therewardofoneyearofworship….”Andat theendhesaid,“AnyonewhofastsallthethirtydaysofShaban,GabrielcallsouttohimfromthefrontofAllah’sthroneandsays,“Startyourlifeanew!Allahhasforgivenallthesinsthatyouhaddone!”[4]أ يباحصأ رشاعم لاقف هباحصأ عمج نابعش لها اذإ ع نیدباعلا نیز يبأ ناك : لاق يبأ تعمس ع هللا دبع یبا نع هدنسب قودصلاوف مكبر ىلإ ابرقت و مكیبنل ةبحم هیف اوموصف الأ يرهش نابعش : لوقی ص هللا لوسر ناك و نابعش رهش اذه ؟ اذه رهش يأ نوردتعو هللا يبن ةبحم نابعش ماص نم : لوقی ع نینمؤملا ریمأ تعمس لوقی يلع نب نیسحلا يبأ تعمسل هدیب نیسحلا نب يلع سفن يذلا

ةنجلا هل بجوأ و ةمایقلا موی هتمارك نم هبرق و لج و زع هللا هبحأ لج و زع هللا ىلإ ابرقتInanotherhadithSadooqnarrates fromour sixth Imam thathe said, “My father toldme thathis

fathergatheredallofhiscompanionsonthefirstofShabanandhesaid,“Doyouknowwhatmonthisthis month? This month is the month of Shaban. About this month ProphetMohammad has said,“Shabanismyspecialmonth.BeawareandfastinthismonthtogetclosertoAllah,fortheloveofyourProphet.”IswearbyAllahwhoholdsmylifeinHisHand,Iheardfrommyfather,ImamHusseinandhesaid,

“IheardmyfatherAliIbnAbutalebsay,“AnyonewhofastsinthismonthfortheloveoftheProphetandwantstogetclosertoAllah,Allahwillmakeheavenobligatoryforhim.”[5]AboutthemonthofShaban,thegreatscholarAyatollahMirzaJavadMalekiTabriziinhisbookof

Almoraqebatsaid,“Thismonth is extremely valuable for the seekers ofAllah.One of the nights that could be the

Night ofQadr is in thismonth. From the time thatAdamcame to earth,Godpromised all ofHismessengersthatvictorywillbeinthehandsofthemanwhowillbeborninthisnight(thefifteenthnight).AlsoGodpromisedthatHewillfilltheearthwithjusticeafteritwillbefilledwithoppressionandcruelty.”

AbouttheimportanceofthismonthitisenoughtoknowthattheProphethassaid, يرهش ىلع ينناعا نم هللا محر ، يرهش نابعش ”“ThismonthismymonthandmayAllahblessthosewhohelpmeinthismonth”Whoeverhearsthisinvitationmuststrivetorespondtoitandbeincludedamongsttheinvitedones.

Hisbrotherandhissuccessorsaid,« ءاش نا يتایح مایا ينتوفی نلف ، نابعش يف يدانی ملس و هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر يدانم تعمس ذم نابعش موص ينتاف امهللا »“I have notmissed the fasting in Shaban from the time that I heard someone calling out at the

Prophet’sorder(toencouragepeopleforthefastinginShaban)andIwillnotmissituntiltheendofmylifeInsha’Allah”.By this hadith you can understand the significance of fasting over praying, donation and other

gooddeeds.[6]

OneoftheMostahabaatthatarehighlyencouragedinthismonthisaSalawatthathasbeennarratedfromImamZeinAl-Abedin.ThissalawatisnotonlyareligiousmasterpieceoralovelysupplicationwithAllah,butitisalsoadeepseaoftheologyandknowledge.ItsteachingsareprimarilyabouttheImamatanditshighpositioninIslam.IhadachancetospeakonIran’snationalTVabouttheSalawatShabaniyehbutunfortunatelythe

programwas very short and the information that I could gather from theQuran andAhadithwasmorethancouldbedeliveredintheprogram.So,IdecidedtopublishitinasmallbookletforanyonewhowantstotakebenefitfromtheseasoftheknowledgeoftheAhlulBayt.ThefourthofShaban1428A.HSeyedMahmoudMadani

1] 57 [2]Ayatollah Javadi Amolly [3]] ص تابقارملا 62 : ص ةثالثلارهشألا لئاضف [ 5] 56 : ص ةثالثلارهشألا لئاضف [ 4 ] ص ةثالثلا رهشالا لئاضف

166[6

2ChapterSalawatShabaniyeh

ىلع لص مهللا يحولا تیب لهأ و ملعلا ندعم و ةكئالملا فلتخم و ةلاسرلا عضوم و ةوبنلا ةرجش دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللامزاللا و قهاز مهنع رخأتملا و قرام مهل مدقتملا اهكرت نم قرغی و اهبكر نم نمأی ةرماغلا ججللا يف ةیراجلا كلفلا دمحم لآ و دمحممهللا نیمصتعملا ةمصع و نیبراهلا إجلم و نیكتسملا رطضملا ثایغ و نیصحلا فهكلا دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللا قحال مهلمهللا نیملاعلا بر ای ةوق و كنم لوحب ءاضق و ءادأ دمحم لآ و دمحم قحل و ىضر مهل نوكت ةریثك ةالص دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لصدمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللا مهتیالو و مهتعاط تضرف و مهقوقح تبجوأ نیذلا رایخألا راربألا نیبیطلا دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص

نم يلع ترشن و كلضف نم يلع تعسو امب كقزر نم هیلع ترتق نم ةاساوم ينقزرا و كتیصعمب ينزخت وال كتعاطب يبلق رمعا وهللا ىلص هللا لوسر ناك يذلا ناوضرلا و ةمحرلاب كنم هتففح يذلا نابعش كلسر دیس كیبن رهش اذه و كلظ تحت ينتییحأ و كلدعىلع انعأف مهللا همامح لحم ىلإ هماظعإ و هماركإ يف كل اعوخب همایأ و هیلایل يف همایق و همایص يف بأدی [ ملس ] و هلآ و هیلعةمایقلا موی كاقلأ ىتح اعبتم هل ينلعجا و اعیهم كیلإ اقیرط و اعفشم اعیفش يل هلعجا و مهللا هیدل ةعافشلا لین و هیف هتنسب نانتسالارایخألا لحم و رارقلا راد ينتلزنأ و ناوضرلا و ةمحرلا كنم يل تبجوأ دق ایضاغ يبونذ نع و ایضار ينع

Thetranslation

OmyAllahsendblessingsonMuhammadandonthedescendantsofMuhammad,theevergreen

tree (outcome and end) of (the toil of) Prophethood, the destination of theDivinemessages, theacademywhereAngelscametolearnandknow,thedepositoryofwisdom,thepeopleoftheHouseof"Wahi"(theDivineRevelations).OmyAllahsendblessingsonMuhammadandonthedescendantsofMuhammad,anunsinkable

sailingshipafloatoverthefathomlessdeepwatersoftheseas;whosoevergetsintoitissavedandwhosoeverstaysawayisdrowned;whosoeverstepsinfrontofthemmissestheaimandgoesastray,whosoever lags behind wanders in wilderness. Whosoever holds fast to them reaches thedestination.O my Allah send blessings on Muhammad and on the descendants of Muhammad, a safe

sanctuary,arelief for theworrieduncared-fordestitutes,arefugefor the fugitivesrunningawayfromtyranny,anasylumforthebanishedandhunted,seekingshelter.OmyAllahsendblessingsonMuhammad,andonthedescendantsofMuhammad,agreatmany

blessings,astimulationforinnerjoyandpeaceofmindtothem,afulfilmentoftheobligationuntoMuhammad and the children ofMuhammad, duly decreed as a duty by the authority and powerThoucommands,OtheLordoftheworlds.O Allah send blessings onMuhammad and on the descendants ofMuhammad, the good, the

attested by Thy witness, the high-minded chosen in preference by Thee, whose right has beendeclaredamust forall toaccept, toobey themto love themhasbeenmadeobligatoryunderThycommands.OmyAllahsendblessingsonMuhammadandonthedescendantsofMuhammadandcultivatein

mymindandheartobedienceuntoThee,donotletmeputmyselftoshamebyactsofdisobedience,makemefeelcompassionandassisttheunfortunatepeoplewhodonotreceiveenoughfromThee,withtheprovisionsThouhasmadeavailabletome,morethanIneed,(tojustifythat)ThourightlyselectedmeasachannelandhaskeptmealiveunderThyprotectivecover.ThisisthemonthofThyProphet,theMessenger-in-chief,themonthofShaa’baansurrounded

byThymercyandblessingsfromallsides,inwhichtheMessengerofAllah(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeonhimandonhischildren)used toexerthimselfwillingly in thematterof fastingandprayinginitsdaysandnights, toshowhishumilitybeforeTheefor therespectandhonourThoubestowedonhim,untilhislastbreath.OAllah help us tomodel our conduct on his "way of life" and obtain the intercession he is

entitledtoputforward.OmyAllahselecthimasmyadvocatetospeakinfavourofme,establishhimformeamedium

untoThee,thesureandsmoothapproach;andmakemefollowinhisfootstepstillIstandbeforeTheeontheDayofJudgement,Thoupleasedwithme,mymistakesoverlooked,becauseThouhasfoundmeworthyofThymercyandindulgence,andallowedmetotakequartersintheeternallandofblissandhappinessintheneighbourhoodoftheselectgood.

TheImportanceofthisSupplication

This supplicationhas averyhigh rankandwecanunderstand its importance fromvariousangles.Firstofall,itisnarratedinseveralofthemainbooksofAhadith.Someofthemarethefollowing:

1. EqbalalamalbySeyedEbnTavoos6882. Al-Baladal-AminbyAllameKafami1863. Al-MesbahbyAllameKafami5444. MesbahAl-MojtahedbySheikhTossi45,8385. JamalAl-OsbooebySeyedEbnTavoos4056. VassayelAl-ShiabysheikhHorAmeli10/4927. BiharAl-AnwarbyAllameMajlesi87/20

Thesecond indicatorof the importanceof thissupplication is thatOur Imamsrepeatedly recitedthissupplication.InthewordsofSheikhToosi," هلاو هیلع هللا يلص يبنلا يلع يلصیو هنم فصنلا هلیل يفو نابعش مایا نم لاوز لک دنع وعدی مالسلا هیلع نیسحلا نب يلع ناک

تاولصلا هذهب "“InthemonthofShaban,AliEbnAl-Hussein,ZeinAl-Abedinwouldreadthissupplicationevery

noon and on the fifteenth night (and in the whole month) he sent Salawat in the form of thisSalawat.”[1]

[1]187 : ص نیصحلا عردلاو نیمألادلبلا 545 : ص ةیقابلا نامیإلاةنجوةیقاولا نامألاةنج 829 : ص دجهتملا حابصم301 : ص 3 : ج ةنسلا يفةرم لمعیامیفةنسحلا لامعألاب لابقإلا

3ChapterFIRSTCHAPTER:SALAWAT

Thefirstphrase that frequentlygets repeated in thebeginningofeachparagraph isSalawat,and inoneparagraphitcomeswithdetail.( ءاضقو ءادا دمحم لاو دمحم قحلواضر مهل نوکت هریثک هالص دمحم لاو دمحم يلع لص مهللا )Therearesomepointstobementionedaboutthesephrases:

THEROOTANDTHEFOUNDATIONOFSALAWAT

IntheSurahofAhzab,GodHimselfandHisAngelssendsalawatonourprophet,andtheQuranhasorderedustosendSalawataswell.[1] امیلست اوملس و هیلع اولص اونمآ نیذلا اهیأ ای يبنلا ىلع نولصی هتكئالم و هللا نإAllah sendsHis Salawat (Graces,Honours,Blessings,Mercy, etc.) on the Prophet (Muhammad)

andalsoHisangelstoo(askAllahtoblessandforgivehim).Oyouwhobelieve!SendyourSalawaton(askAllahtobless)himandbetotallyobedienttohim.Theprophethasbeenawardedsuchahighstatus,thattheCreatoroftheuniverseandalltheangels

who are responsible tomanage the orders of Allah in the world send Salawat on him.When thebelieverssendSalawatontheProphet(andobeyhiscommands),theyharmonizewiththemessageoftheuniverse.WemustbearinmindthatwhenwesayAllahsendsSalawatitmeansthatHeissendingblessings,

butwhencreaturessendSalawatitmeans,theyaskforblessings.Also the word " نولصی " indicates Allah and angels continuously send their blessings to his

messenger.

1](56 ) بازحا ]

REWARDSFORSALAWAT

We have lots of Ahadith about the rewards of salawat. Some Islamic scholars have even writtenbooksaboutitandgathereddifferentsalawatthatarenarratedbyAhlulBayt.TheyhaveevenwrittenpoetriesonSalawattoshowtheirlovefortheProphetandAhlulBaytsuchasfollowing:1.)-368 ىفوتملا يمقلا دواد نب دمحأ نب دمحم نسحلا يبأ هتقو يف نییمقلا خیش فیلات اهتیعدأ و جرفلا تاولص .SalawatAl-FarajvaAdeyatehabySheikhofQomAbeAl-HassanMohammadIbnAhmadIbn

DavoodAl-Qomipassedawayin368H2)- نسحلا نب دمحم نب دمحم نیدلا ریصن ةجاوخ هب بوسنم تاداسلا ةمئألا هلآ و تایربلا فرشأ ىلع تایحتلا و تاولصلا672 ىفوتملا يسوطلا .Al-SalawatvaTahiyatalaAshrafeAl-BaryyatvaAlehAl-AematAl-SadatbyKhajehNasirAl-

dinMohammadIbnMohammadIbnAl-HassanAl-Toosipassedawayin6723)-1091 ىفوتملا يناشاك ضیف گرزب ثدحم فیلات تایحتلا و تاولصلاAl-SalawatvaAl-TahyyatbygreatnarratorFeyzeKashanipassedawayin10914)- یناشاک ضیف ققحمودنمشناد دنزرف ىدهلا ملع فیلات تایحتلا و تاولصلا .Al-Salawat vaAl-Tahyyat byAlamAl-Huda the son of FeyzeKashani. In this book he has

gatheredvariouskindofSalawatthatarenarratedfromAhlulBeytandalsotheSalawatsthatother scholars of Shia have invented. He also came up with some Salawat that he inventedhimself.5) يئانفب صلختملا يوضرلا نیدباعلا نیز نب دمحم دیسلل يسراف نآ لئاضف و تاولص .SalawatanditsrewardinPersianbySeyedMohammadIbnZeynAl-AbedinAl-razaviwiththe

nicknameofFanayi6)- موظنملا تاولصلا

ضیفلا ثدحملا نب ىدهلا ملع نب نیسح ىلوملا نب عیمس ىلوملا نب نسحم ىلوم فیلاتPoetrySalawatbyMohsenIbnAl-MolaSamieIbnAl-MolaHusseinIbnAlamAl-HudaIbnAl-

MohadethAl-Feyz.Thepoemstartswith:متاخ و بجتنم برقم برتقم مدقملا اندیس دمحأ قحب بر

O,lordIswearbytherightofMohammadthemaster,closetoyou,belovedtoyou,chosenbyyouandthelastprophet

SALAWATINHADITHS

HerewenarratesomeoftheAhadith:Hadith1:

ای تلق اسفن بیطأ وال ذئموی هنم اراشبتسا دشأ هرأ ملف ص يبنلا ىلع تلخد لاق ةحلط يبأ نع كلام نب سنأ نع هدنسب یسربطلاىلاعت هللا لاق لاق يدنع نم لیئاربج افنآ جرخ دق و ينعنمی ام و : لاقف مویلا كنم اراشبتسا دشأ وال اسفن بیطأ طق كتیأر ام هللا لوسر

1] تانسح رشع هل تبتك و تائیس رشع هنع توحم و تاولص رشع هیلع اهب تیلص ةالص كیلع ىلص نم :]Allame Tabarsi narrates with the chain of narration fromAnas EbnMalek fromAbu Talhe, "I

entered in thepresenceof theProphet and sawhimextremelyhappyandpleased like Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.Itoldhim:Ihaveneverseenyouthishappybefore.Hetoldme,“WhyshouldInotbehappy,asGabrielhasjustleftand(beforeheleft)said:Godtold

methatwhoeversendsaSalawatonyouIwillsendSalawatuponhimandIwillpurifyhimfromtensinsandIwillwritetengooddeedsforhim.”Hadith2:ىلع ىلص نم ، خورف نب قاحسإ ای (:» مالسلا هیلع ) هللا دبع وبأ لاق : لاق ، ةحلط لآ ىلوم خورف نب قاحسإ نع هدنسب ینارحبلا

، افلأ هتكئالم و هیلع هللا ىلص ةرم ةئام دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع ىلص نم ،و ةرم ةئام هتكئالم و هیلع هللا ىلص ارشع دمحم لآ و دمحمبازحالا » امیحر نینمؤملاب ناك و رونلا ىلإ تاملظلا نم مكجرخیل هتكئالم و مكیلع يلصی يذلا وه : لج و زع هللا لوق عمست امأ

2].«43]AlamehBahraninarratesfromEshaghIbnFarrokhwith thechainofnarration:ImamSadeqtold

me: “Whoever sends ten Salawat on ProphetMohammad and hisAhlul Bayt, the angelswill sendhundredSalawatonhim.WhoeversendshundredSalawatonProphetMohammadandhisAhlulBayt,theAngelswillsendathousandSalawatonhim.HaveyouheardthesayingofAllahtheAlmighty,“HeitiswhosendsSalawat(Hisblessings)on

you, and His angels too (ask Allah to bless and forgive you), that He may bring you out fromdarkness(ofdisbeliefandpolytheism)intolight(ofBeliefandIslamicMonotheism).AndHeisEverMostMercifultothebelievers.”(Al-Ahzab43).”Hadith3:

ةالصلا اورثكأف ( هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص ) يبنلا ركذ اذإ :» لاق : لاق ،( مالسلا هیلع ) هللا دبع يبأ نع ، ریصب يبأ نع هدنسب ینارحبلاالإ هللا قلخ امم ء يش قبی مل و ، ةكئالملا نم فص فلأ يف ةالص فلأ هیلع هللا ىلص ةدحاو ةالص يبنلا ىلع ىلص نم هنإف ، هیلع«. هتیب لهأ و هلوسر ،و هنم هللا ء ىرب دق ، رورغم لهاج وهف اذه يف بغری مل نمف ، هتكئالم ةالص و هیلع هللا ةالصل دبعلا ىلع ىلص3]]AlamehBahraninarratesfromAbuBasirfromAbuAbdullah(ImamSadeq),“Whenyousaythe

nameoftheProphet,sendlotsofSalawatonhim.Indeed,whoeversendsoneSalawatontheProphet,AllahwillsendathousandSalawatsonhimintheformofathousandqueuesofangelsandnothingfromGod’screationremainsunlessitwillsendSalawatonthatservant.So,whoeverdoesnotliketosendSalawat,heistheignorantandarrogant.TrulyAllahandhisProphetandhisAhlulBeytabandonhimandhatehim”Hadith4:لآ و دمحم ىلع ةالصلا نم لقثأ ء يش نازیملا يف ام :» لاق ،( مالسلا امهیلع ) امهدحأ نع ، ملسم نب دمحم نع هدنسب ینارحبلا

4 «.] حجریف هنازیم يف اهعضیف ، هیلع ةالصلا ( هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص ) جرخیف ، هب لیمیف هنازیم يف هلامعأ عضوتل لجرلا نإ ،و دمحم ]AlamehBahraninarratesfromMohammadIbnMoslemfromImamBaqerorImamSadeqwiththe

chainofnarration,thereisnothingheavierthanSalawatinthescaleofactions.Hadith5:

ءامسلا نع بوجحم هب لج و زع هللا ىعدی ءاعد لك :» لاق ، ( مالسلا هیلع ) هللا دبع يبأ نع ، لامجلا ناوفص نع هدنسب ینارحبلا489 نامه «. دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع ىلصی ىتح AlamehBahraninarratesfromSafvantheownerofcamelswiththechainofnarrationfromImam

Sadeq.Hesaid,“AllsupplicationstoAllahwillremaininaveilfromtheskyuntilaSalawatissenttoMohammadandhisHouseholds”[5]

ج8ص579[1] نایبلا عمجم[2]ج4ص49[3 نآرقلا ریسفت يف ناهربلا 49 ج4ص نآرقلا ریسفت يف ناهربلا ]ج4ص490[4] ناهربلا [5]Samebook489

SALAWAATTOAHLULBEYT

Another importantpoint isabouthowwesendourSalawatbecauseonemayobject that theQur ’anmentionssendingSalawatupontheProphetsowhydoweaddtheAhlulBaytattheend.TheanswerforthisquestioncomesfromAhadith.The book of “DorAl-Manthor” narrates from “SahihAl-Bokhari”, “SahihAl-Muslim”, “Sonan

AbuDavood”, “SonanTermezy”, “SonanNesaye”, “Sonan IbnMajeh”and“Sonan IbnMardooyehandalsosomeAhadithfrom“KaabeIbnAjareh”thatsomeoneaskedtheprophet:“WeknowhowtosaySalamtoyoubuthowmustwesendourSalawatonyou?

دمحم لا و دمحم یلع کراب مهللا دیجم دیمح کنا میهاربا یلع تیلص امک دمحم لا و دمحم یلع لص مهللا لق :" هللا لوسر لاقفدیجم دیمح کنا میهاربا لا و میهاربا یلع تکراب امک "Prophetanswered:“O,AllahsendyourpeaceandblessingstoMuhammadandhisHouseholdsas

you have sent your peace and passage to Abraham and his households. Truly you are thePraiseworthyandMagnanimity.O,Allahsendyourblessings toMohammadandhishouseholdsasyou send your blessings to Abraham and his households. Truly you are the Praiseworthy andMagnanimous.”

TheauthornarratedeighteenotherAhadithandinallofthemProphetmentionedandinsistedthat“hishousehold”mustbementionedintheSalawat.TheseAhaditharenarratedfromthemostreliable

andfamousbooksofAhleAl-Sunnat.ThegreatcompanionsofProphetsuchas“IbnAbbas”,“Talhe”,“AbuSaeedKhedri”,“AbuHuraireh”,“AbuMasuodAnsari”,“Burideh”,“IbnMasuod”,“KabeIbnAjareh”havealsonarratedsuchAhadith.MoreovertheCommanderoftheFaithfulalso

narratedsamehadiths.[1]، نوكسمت ،و دمحم ىلع لص مهللا نولوقت :" لاق " ؟ ءارتبلا ةالصلا ام و :" اولاقف " ءارتبلا ةالصلا ىلع اولصت ال :" هللا لوسر لاقدمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللا : اولوق لب "Ibn Hajar in the book of Savaaegh narrates, that the Prophet said, “Do not send an incomplete

Salawatonme.”Somecompanionasked,whatistheincompleteSalawat?Prophetanswered,“WhenyousayAllahumaSaleAlaMohammad(O,AllahsendyourpeaceandpassagetoMohammad)andthenyoustop.RatheryoumustsayAllahhumasalealaMuhammadwaAleMuhammad”.

،ج17،ص420[1] هنومن ریسفت

PROPHET’SAWARENESSFROMOURSALAWAT

Alloftheseordersandrecommendationsraiseaquestioninourmind,‘IstheProphetawareofourSalawatanddoesherespondwhenweexpressourlovetohim,orisitthatwejustsendSalawattoadeadperson?’TheProphetrepliestotheseSalawatandtheanswercomesfromQuran.TheProphet’slifeislike

whatQuransaysaboutmartyrs:“Theyarealiveandprovidedbysustenancefromtheirlord”.ThevisitingofthegraveoftheProphetandrequestingfromhimintheeyesofIgnorantWahhabis

isahereticalmistake.ThisideologycontradictswhatQuranhastoldus.Ontheotherhand,thedailyprayersinalltheIslamicsectshavetheSalamtoProphetMohammad.SoifsayingSalamtoProphetisconsidered‘Shirk’(unIslamic)theneventhedailyprayeris‘Shirk’andAllahHimselfhasorderedustodo‘Shirk’.Contrarily,intheAhadithoftheimmaculateImams,thetruthofthislifeisrevealedand they have pointed to the bilateral and emotional relationships. Look at this beautiful hadith tounderstandthedepthofthisrelationship:

ىتح مئاق كلملا كلذف ، هاطعأف دابعلا عمس هیطعی نأ هللا لأس ةكئالملا نم اكلم نإ :» لاق ،( مالسلا هیلع ) رفعج يبأ نع هدنسب ینارحبلالوسر ای : كلملا لوقی مث . مالسلا كیلع و : كلملا لاق و الإ ، ملس و هلآ و دمحم ىلع هللا ىلص : لوقی نینمؤملا نم دحأ سیل ، ةعاسلا موقت

1 «.] مالسلا هیلع و (: هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص ) هللا لوسر لوقیف . مالسلا كئرقی انالف نإ ، هللا ]Al-Bahrani narrates with a chain of narration from Abu Jaffar (Imam Baqer), one angel from

God’sangelsaskedGodtogivehimtheabilityofhearingallthesayingsofAllah’sservantandGodgavehimthisability.Thisangelwilllastuntiltheendoftime.Thereisnoonewhosays:‘thepeaceandthepassageofAllahtoMohammadandhishouseholds’unlessthisangelwillsay:‘peacebeuponyou’.TheangelwillthenconveythepeaceandgreetingtoProphetMuhammadwhowillreplypeaceandgreetingstohim.

ج4ص489[1] ناهربلا

THEREALMEANINGBEHINDTHESALAMANDSALAWAT

1-Sendingsalutationsandobedienceای يبنلا ىلع نولصی هتكئالم و هللا نإ : لج و زع هللا لوق نع ( مالسلا هیلع ) هللا دبع ابأ تلأس : لاق ، ریصب يبأ نع هدنسب یقربلا

1 «.] هب ءاج ء يش لك يف هل میلستلا ،و هیلع ةالصلا :» لاق ، امیلست اوملس و هیلع اولص اونمآ نیذلا اهیأ ]Al-Barqi narrates with the chain of narrations from Abi Basir that he said: I asked Abu abdu

Allah(ImamSadeq)about theverse,“AllahsendsHisSalawat (Graces,Honours,Blessings,Mercy,etc.)ontheProphet(Muhammad)andalsoHisangelstoo(askAllahtoblessandforgivehim).Oyouwhobelieve!SendyourSalawaton(askAllahtobless)himandbetotallyobedienttohim”[2].“Sendsalutationsonhimandshowobediencetohimineverythinghebroughtus,”Imamanswered[3].2-Loyaltytothepromise

ءافولا و قاثیملا ىلع انأ ينأ : هانعمف هلآ و يبنلا ىلع ىلص نم (: مالسلا امهیلع ) دمحم نب رفعج قداصلا نع هدنسب ینارحبلا172 « فارعا ىلب اولاق مكبرب تسل أ : هلوق نیح تلبق يذلا .Bahrani narrates from the chain of narration from the Jafar Ibn Muhammad, "whoever sends

SalawatonProphetandhishouseholdsitmeansIamstandingonthepromisethatIgavewhenAllahaskedme,"AmInotyourlord?AndIansweredyesyouare.[4]"3-Blessing,Duaandpurificationىلع نولصی هتكئالم و هللا نإ : لج و زع هللا لوق نع ( مالسلا هیلع ) هللا دبع ابأ تلأس : لاق ، ةزمح يبأ نبا نع هدنسب ینارحبلاسانلا نم ،و ةیكزت ةكئالملا نم ،و ةمحر لج و زع هللا نم ةالصلا :» لاقف ، امیلست اوملس و هیلع اولص اونمآ نیذلا اهیأ ای يبنلا

هنع درو امیف هل میلستلا ينعی هنإف ، امیلست اوملس و : لج و زع هلوق امأ ،و ءاعد ».Bahraninarrateswith thechainofnarration fromIbnAbuHamzeh.Hesaid, “I askedAbuAbde

Allah about the verse, “Allah sends His Salawat (Graces, Honours, Blessings,Mercy, etc.) on theProphet (Muhammad) and also His angels too (ask Allah to bless and forgive him). O you whobelieve! Send your Salawat on (ask Allah to bless) him and be totally obedient to him” Then heanswered, “TheSalawat fromAllah is a blessing and fromangels it is purification andwhen it isfrompeopleitisasupplicationbutthesaying“SendyourSalawatonhimandbetotallyobedienttohim”meansbeobedienttowhateverhebroughtfromGod.[5]

[1] راونالاراحب [ 3] امیلست اوملس و هیلع اولص اونمآ نیذلا اهیأ ای يبنلا ىلع نولصی هتكئالم و هللا نإ [ ج91ص61[2 راونالاراحبص61[4 [ج91 This hadith is regards to the Suratul Aarafverse172.448ص4 ناهربلا [ 4ص448[5 ناهربلا

4ChapterSECONDCHAPTER:DIVINEKNOWLEDGE

يحولا تیب لهأ و ملعلا ندعم و ةكئالملا فلتخم و ةلاسرلا عضوم و ةوبنلا ةرجش دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللاThisphrasespointsoutoneofthemostimportantspecialcharacteristicsofAhlulBeyt;TherootandtheoriginoftheAhlulBeyt’sknowledgeandthattheyarethescaleformeasuringthe

rightandwrongandarethestraightpathawayfromthedeviation.Withoutdoubt,weneedknowledgeandcognitionforeverythingwedoandit isattainedinthree

ways:

1. Experiences

The information that comes through experiences makes up a great part of valuable humanknowledgebutithasboundaries.Forexample:

1. Someofthegreatestincidentsoftheworldarenotrepeatableandwecannotexperiencethem.2. Knowledgegainedthroughexperienceisneverflawlessorperfect.Ithashappenedmanytimes

thatafteryearswereachapointwherewhatwethoughtwasfactturnsouttobeuntrue.Therearelotsofmedicineorchemicalsthataretestedandrecognizedasharmlessbutafteryearswediagnosetheirharmfuleffects.Thisisbecausewedonothavedominationonallthedimensionsofanexperience.Anotherexampleisofmedicinesthatareontheshelvesbutbecauseofthesideeffectstheyhavetoconfiscatedorbanned.

So,totraversethewayoflifewecannotdependcompletelyonourexperiences.Itdoesnotleadustothesecretsofthisworldandwecannotsearchthechambersofthislifewiththisdimlight.

1. Wisdom

AswereadinHaditheQudsithemostvaluablecreationofAllahiswisdom.[1]The foundationofourbeliefs iswisdomand logical reasoning,butwisdomhas fewcertainand

generaljudgments.Thehumanintellectcannottellushowwemusteat,howwemustwear,whomwecanhavearelationshipwith,andwhatkindofeconomicandpoliticalsystemwemustchose.Insuchuncertain rules and commands we cannot find a common answer because every philosopher andpoliticiangivesdifferentsolutions.Everyphilosopherdisapprovesofthepreviousone,andsoweareunable to find a common ground to answer such questions relating to our life. We also need afoundation that can answer the common aspects of our life andmeanwhile itmust be adoptive todifferentspecialsituationsofeachsociety.So,withthegeneralrulesofwisdomwecannotfindourwayinthemazeoflife.

ج1ص10""[1] یفاکلا کنم يلا بحا اقلخ تقلخ ام "thereisnothingmorebelovedtomelikeyou(wisdom)”

REVELATIONARYTEACHINGS

GodasthecreatorofworldknowsthebestwayahumanbeingcanliveonEarth.(14 کلملا . ریبخلا فیطللاوه و قلخ نم ملعیالا )(Doeshenot know theoneHeHimself has created?AndHe is theknowerof the subtleties, the

aware).So,everyoneinallaspectsandtoknowrightfromwrongandtorecognizethestraightpathmustembracewhateverGodrevealsforus.ThespecialcharacteristicsofAhlulBeytthatmakethemsuperiorabovealltheotherscholarsand

other ideological leaders is the source of their knowledge. They receive their knowledge fromrevelation.TheyarethedestinationoftheDivinemessagesandalsowheretheangelsdescendto.

EQUIVALENTKNOWLEDGEWITHTHEPROPHETMOHAMMAD

According to some Ahadith the equivalency of the Ahlul Bait’s knowledge is portrayed as thefollowing:و امهادحإ ص هللا لوسر لكأف نیتنامرب ص هللا لوسر ىتأ ع لیئربج نإ لاق ع هللا دبعیبا نع نیعا نبا نارمح نع هدنسب ینیلکلا

ىلوألا امأ لاق ال لاق ناتنامرلا ناتاه ام يردت له يخأ ای ص هللا لوسر لاق مث افصن ایلع معطأ و افصن لكأف نیفصنب ىرخألا رسكص ادمحم هللا ملعی مل لاق هیف هكیرش نوكی ناك فیك هللا كحلصأ تلقف هیف يكیرش تنأ ملعلاف ىرخألا امأ و بیصن اهیف كل سیل ةوبنلافع[1 ایلع هملعی نأ هرمأ و الإ املع ]–Kuleinynarrateswith thechainofnarration fromHemranIbnAayunfromImamSadeq,“Angel

Gabrielbrought twopomegranatesforProphetMuhammad.Prophetateoneof themandbroketheother one in half. He ate one half and gave the other half to Ali. Then the Prophet toldAli, “Ohbrother,doyouknowwhatthesetwopomegranateswere?”ImamAlianswered,“No”.TheProphetcontinued,“ThefirstonewasProphethoodsoyoudonothaveanyshareofthatbuttheotheronewasknowledge.Youaremypartnerinthis.”Hemransaid“HowcanAlicanbetheProphet’spartnerinknowledge?”TheImamsaid“Goddid

notgiveanyknowledgetoMuhammadunlessGodorderedtheProphettoteachAli”.

ج1ص263[1] ىفاك

WHYEQUIVALENCY?

It is clear thatwhen the leadership andguidanceof theUmmat in all aspectsof thisworld and theHereafter,theinterpretationoftheQuranandthePropheticTraditionsandtheimplementationofthereligion’srulesisontheshouldersoftheImamsaftertheProphet,naturallythenecessaryknowledgeoftheseresponsibilitiesmustalsobeintheirhands.ThisfactisfurtherexplainedinaHadithbyImamSadeq.و دابعلا ىلع دبع ةعاط هللا ضرفی كادف تلعج لضفملا هل لاقف ع هللا دبع يبأ دنع لضفملا ناك لاق هنأ يمعثخلا دعس نب ةعامجاحابص ءامسلا ربخ هنع بجحی مث دابعلا ىلع دبع ةعاط ضرفی نأ نم هدابعب فأرأ و محرأ و مركأ هللا ال لاق ءامسلا ربخ هنع بجحی

1] ءاسم [وJamaateIbnSadeAl-Akhthamisaid:MofazalwasinthepresenceofImamSadeqandhetoldImam

Sadeq,“MayIbeyoursacrifice.IsitpossiblethatGodordersHisservantstoobeysomeonebuthidestheknowledgeoftheskiesfromhim?ImamSadeqreplied,“No,Allahismoremercifulandkindthantoobligateonhisservantstoobeysomeoneandnottogivehimtheknowledgeoftheskies”.OfcoursethisequivalencedoesnotmeanequivalenceinthepositionofExcellency.Thepositionof

theProphetishigherandgreaterbutbecauseofthesameresponsibilityofguidingtheUmmah,theImamstoohavethesameknowledge.و لالحلا و مهفلا و رمألا يف نحن و ص هللا لوسر : لوقی هتعمس لاق ع هللا دبع يبأ نع هریغملا نب ثراحلا نع هدنسب ینیلکلا

2] امهلضف امهلف ع يلع صو هللا لوسر امأف ادحاو ىرجم يرجن مارحلا ]Kuleiny narrates fromHareth IbnMoghayrehwith a chain of narrations that Imam Sadeq said,

“TheProphetandwe(AhlulBeyt)intheunderstandingofHalalandHaramarethesameandweareonthesametrack.ButtheProphetandtheCommanderofthefaithfulhaveaspecialExcellency.”

جج16ص360[1 راحب 276 : 1ص : ج يفاكلا ]Sameaddress[2]

DEPTHOFKNOWLEDGE

We cannot understand the quality of their knowledge and only someone in the same position canexplainit.So,forourunderstandingofthegreatnessanddepthoftheirknowledge,wehavetorefertothefollowingAhadith:

نإ و ادمحم انثرو انإ و نامیلس ثرو ادمحم نإ و دواد ثرو نامیلس نإ ع هللا دبع وبأ لاق لاق رمع نب لضفملا نع هدنسب ینیلکلااموی ثدحی يذلا ملعلا نإ ملعلا وه اذه سیل لاق ملعلا وهل اذه نإ تلق لاق حاولألا يف ام نایبت و روبزلا و لیجنإلا و ةاروتلا ملع اندنع

1 ] ةعاس دعب ةعاس و موی دعب ]KuleinywiththechainofnarrationsnarratesfromMufazalIbnAmrfromImamSadeq:“Solomon

inheritedfromDavidandProphetMuhammadinheritedfromSolomonandweinheritfromProphetMohammad.TrulytheknowledgeoftheTestament,theBibleandthePsalmsandtheexplanationofwhateverisinthesebooksiswithus.”Mufazalsaid,“Thisisthegreatestknowledge!!!”Imamreplied,“Thisisnot.Thetrueknowledgeistheonethatisinspired(tousfromAllah)everysecondofeveryday.

دحاو فرح اهنم فصآ دنع ناك امنإ و افرح نیعبس و ةثالث ىلع مظعألا هللا مسا نإ لاق ع رفعج يبأ نع رباج نع هدنسب ینیلکلانحن و نیع ةفرط نم عرسأ تناك امك ضرألا تداع مث هدیب ریرسلا لوانت ىتح سیقلب ریرس نیب و هنیب ام ضرألاب فسخف هب ملكتفهللااب الإ ةوق وال لوح وال هدنع بیغلا ملع يف هب رثأتسا ىلاعت هللا دنع دحاو فرح و افرح نوعبس و نانثا مظعألا مسالا نم اندنع

2 ] میظعلا يلعلا ]Kuleinywith the chain of narration narrates from Jaber IbnAbdullahwho narrates from Imam

Baqerwhosaid:“ThegreatnameofAllahisseventythreelettersandAsef(theministerofSolomonwhobroughtthethroneoftheQueenofSabainablinkofaneye)knewoneletterofthat.AndwiththatoneletterhetravelledtheearthandbroughtthethronetoSolomon.However,weknowseventy-two letters andAllah chose to keep one letter forHimself as it representsHis special knowledge.ThereisnopowerandwillexceptalmightyGod.”NofelyalsonarratesasimilarHadithfromImamAskari.[3]

[1]225 : 1ص : ج يفاكلا [2]230 : 1ص : ج يفاكلا[3]231 : 1ص : ج يفاكلا

THEVARIETYOFKNOWLEDGE

ThevastknowledgeofAhlulBeytsometimespointsatdifferenttopicssuchasQuranicknowledge,jurisprudenceandtheknowledgeofeventsandoccasions.LookattheseimportantAhadith: لاق يمالك عمسی دحأ انهاه ةلأسم نع كلأسأ ينإ كادف تلعج هل تلقف ع هللا دبع يبأ ىلع تلخد لاق ریصب يبأ نع هدنسب ینیلکلانأ نوثدحتی كتعیش نإ كادف تلعج تلق لاق كل ادب امع لس دمحم ابأ ای لاق مث هیف علطاف رخآ تیب نیب و هنیب ارتس ع هللا دبع وبأ عفرفباب فلأ باب لك نم حتفی باب فلأ ع ایلع ص هللا لوسر ملع دمحم ابأ ای لاقف لاق باب فلأ هنم هل حتفی اباب ع ایلع ملع ص هللا لوسر

ام و ةعماجلا اندنع نإ و دمحم ابأ ای لاق مث لاق كاذب وه ام و ملعل هنإ لاق مث ضرألا يف ةعاس تكنف لاق ملعلا هللا و اذه تلق لاقطخ و هیف قلف نم هئالمإ صو هللا لوسر عارذب اعارذ نوعبس اهلوط ةفیحص لاق ةعماجلا ام و كادف تلعج تلق لاق ةعماجلا ام مهیردیلاق دمحم ابأ ای يل نذأت لاقف يلإ هدیب برض و شدخلا يف شرألا ىتح هیلإ سانلا جاتحی ء يش لك و مارح و لالح لك اهیف هنیمیب يلع

و ملعل هنإ لاق ملعلا هللا و اذه تلق لاق بضغم هنأك اذه شرأ ىتح لاق و هدیب ينزمغف لاق تئش ام عنصاف كل انأ امنإ كادف تلعج تلقو نییبنلا ملع هیف مدأ نم ءاعو لاق رفجلا ام و تلق لاق رفجلا ام مهیردی ام و رفجلا اندنع نإ و لاق مث ةعاس تكس مث كاذب سیلنإ و لاق مث ةعاس تكس مث كاذب سیل و ملعل هنإ لاق ملعلا وه اذه نإ تلق لاق لیئارسإ ينب نم اوضم نیذلا ءاملعلا ملع و نییصولاتارم ثالث اذه مكنآرق لثم هیف فحصم لاق ع ةمطاف فحصم ام و تلق لاق ع ةمطاف فحصم ام مهیردی ام عو ةمطاف فحصمل اندنع

كاذب وه ام و ملعل هنإ لاق ملعلا هللا و اذه تلق لاق دحاو فرح مكنآرق نم هیف ام هللا و هنإ لاق ملعلا وه هللا و اذه كادف تلعج تلق لاق ةعاسلا موقت نأ ىلإ نئاك وه ام ملع و ناك ام ملع اندنع نإ لاق مث ةعاس تكس مثموی ىلإ ء يشلا دعب ء يشلا و رمألا دعب نم رمألا راهنلا و لیللاب ثدحی ام لاق ملعلا ء يش يأف كادف تلعج تلق لاق كاذب سیل و ملعل

1] ةمایقلا ]Kuleiny narrateswith the chain of narration fromAbuBasir. He said, I told Imam Sadeq:May

Allahsacrificemeoveryou,Iwanttoaskyousomething.Is thereanyoneinthisroomwhowouldhearme?(Hewasblindandhewantedtoaskabouteavesdroppers)ImamSadeqcheckedbehindthecurtainintheroomandsaid,“AbuBasir!Askwhatyouwant.”Iasked,“MayIbeyoursacrifice;yourShia say that the Prophet opened a door (of knowledge) to thousand doors. Imam said, “Prophetopenedthousanddoors(ofknowledge)tothousanddoors.”AbuBasirsaid,“Thisisknowledge!”TheImamstaredat theearthforamomentandthenhesaid,“It isknowledgebutnot theone.”Thenhesaid,“O,AbuBasir,WehaveJameeandwhoknowstheJamee!”Iasked,“WhatisJamee?”hesaid,“Itisabook(onaroll)anditslengthisequivalenttoseventyarmsoftheProphet’sarmanditincludeswhattheProphethadsaidwhichAliIbnAbuTalibhadwrittendown.ThisbookincludesalltheHalalandHaramandallofpeople’sneeds, including thementionofeven thescatheofa small scratch.”Thenhepattedmeandasked,“Ifyouletme?”Ianswered,“Maymylifebesacrificedforyou.Youmaydoasyouwish.”Hethensqueezedmyhandandsaid,“Eventhescatheofthishascomeinthisbook.”Isaid,“Thisisknowledge.”Hesaid,“Thisisknowledgebutnottheone.”Thenhewasquietforamomentandthensaid,“WehaveJafr.”Iasked,“WhatisJafr?”Heanswered,“ItisabookonleatherandinitthereistheknowledgeofProphetsandtheirancestorsandthescholarsofBaniEsraelthathavepassed.”ThenIsaid,“Thisisknowledge.”Hesaid,“Thisisagreatknowledgebutnottheone.”Thenhewasquietforamomentafterwhichhesaid,“WehaveBookofFatimaandtheydonotknowwhatthebookofFatimais.”Iasked,“WhatisthebookofFatima?”Heanswered,“ItisabookthreetimesbiggerthantheQuranbutitdoesnothaveevenoneletteroftheQuran”.Isaid,“Thisisknowledge”hesaid,“Thisisknowledgebutnottheone.”Thenhebecamequietforawhileandthencontinued, “Knowledge of what ever has passed and whatever is going to come until the Day ofJudgmentisinourhand”Isaid,“Thisisknowledge.”Thenhesaid,“Thisisknowledgebutnottheone”.Isaid,“Maymylifebesacrificedforyou,butwhatisknowledge?”hesaid,“Whatevercomestous,dayandnightoneafteranother,untilthedayofjudgment”WealsohavethisfactreiteratedintheZeyaratofJameeKabirehwhereitsays,“…rightiswithyou

andbetweenyouandfromyouand(what)comestoyou”andalsointheZeyaratAlyasin,“…rightiswhatyoulikeandwrongiswhatyoudislike”.InthesephrasesImamSajjadsays,

يحولا تیب لهأ و ملعلا ندعم و ةكئالملا فلتخم و ةلاسرلا عضوم و ةوبنلا ةرجش دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللاMayAllahsendyourpeaceandpassagetoMohammadandhishouseholds(fortheyare)thetreeof

prophethoodand(theyare)thelocationofthemessageandtheresortoftheangels,andthemineofknowledgeandthehouseholdofrevelation.

[1]240 : 1ص : ج يفاكلا

5ChapterTHIRDCHAPTER:WELFAREANDCONFIDENCE

رخأتملا و قرام مهل مدقتملا اهكرت نم قرغی و اهبكر نم نمأی ةرماغلا ججللا يف ةیراجلا كلفلا دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللاقحال مهل مزاللا و قهاز مهنعIn this paragraph Imam Sajjad mentions another Excellency of the Ahlul Bayt. This important

characteristicoftheAhlulBaytisthatwelfare,securityandsafetyisincompanionshipwiththem.Inhumanlife,pathsthatleadustotherightwayarelimitedbutdeviationhasmanypathsandtrails.

MaybeitisbecauseofthisthatthewordoflightinQuranisalwayssingularbutthewordofdarknessisalwaysinitspluralform.Thestraightpathisalwaysonebutthepathsthatmisleadanddeviatearesomany.Itisofutmostimportancethatthewayfarerchoosestherightpath,forifthepathiswrong,allattemptsandeffortswillcreatemoredistanceandcausemoreharm.ItisbecauseoftheserisksthatQuranandAhadithhavepaidsomuchattentiontotheintroduction

ofthesafepathandthetrueguide.AndthatpathliesinholdingthehandsofthosewhomAllahhaspurifiedfromeveryevilanduncleanliness.

1] اریهطت مکرهطیو تیبلا لها سجرلا مکنع بهذیل هللا دیری ]

[1]33 بازحالا

HADITHOFSHIP:

ىلعأب ىدان مث بابلا ةقلحب ذخأ و رذوبأ ماق ذإ ةكمب رمتعم نب [ شنح ] شیمح و انأ امنیب سیق نب میلس لاق : جاجتحإلا یف یسربطلالهأ لثم نإ لوقی مكیبن تعمس ينإ سانلا اهیأ رذ وبأ انأ بدنج انأف ينلهج نم و ينفرع دقف ينفرع نم سانلا اهیأ مسوملا يف هتوصتعمس ينإ سانلا اهیأ لیئارسإ ينب يف ةطح باب لثم و قرغ اهنع فلخت نم و اجن اهبكر نم هموق يف حون ةنیفس لثمك يتمأ يف يتیبلاقف نامثع هیلإ ثعب ةنیدملا مدق املف ثیدحلا رخآ ىلإ يتیب لهأ و هللا باتك امهب متكسمت ام اولضت نل نیرمأ مكیف تكرت ينإ لوقی مكیبن

مث ادهشف دادقملا عو يلع ماقف كلذب دهشی نم لاقف هب ينرمأ صو هللا لوسر يلإ هدهع دهع لاق مسوملا يف هب تمق ام ىلع كلمح امء[1 يش يف مهنأ نوبسحی هیبحاص و اذه نإ نامثع لاقف مهتثالث نوشمی اوفرصنا ]ThefollowingAhadithoftheProphettellusthisfactwithadelicatemetaphorandarereferredto

intheSalawat.مث بابلا ةقلحب ذخأ ىتح ةبعكلا ةجرد ىلع هنع هللا يضر رذ وبأ دعص لاق لاق رذ يبأ ىلوم عفار نع يلامألا یف يسوطلا خیشلا

يف يتیب لهأ لثم امنإ لوقی ص هللا لوسر تعمس رذ وبأ انأف ينركنأ نم و ينفرع دقف ينفرع نم سانلا اهیأ لاق مث هیلإ هرهظ دنسأدسجلا نم سأرلا ناكم مكنم يتیب لهأ اولعجا لوقی ص هللا لوسر تعمس و كله اهكرت نم و اجن اهبكر نم حون ةنیفس لثمك ةمألا هذه

2 ] نینیعلاب الإ سأرلا يدتهی وال سأرلاب الإ يدتهی ال دسجلا نإف سأرلا نم نینیعلا ناكم [وAl-TabarsiinthebookofAl-Ehtejajhaswritten:SalimIbnQeysesaid,“IandHamishIbnMotamar

were inMeccawhenwesawAbuzar.Hestoodupwhilstholding theringof theKabeh’sdoor,andshoutedloudly,“OPeople,thosewhoknowme,knowmeandforthosewhodonotknowme,IamJundab, I am Abuzar. O people, I have heard the Prophet say, “Truly my Household among myUmmahis liketheshipofNoahforhisUmmah.Whoevergetsonboardwillsurviveandwhoeverabandonsitwillbedrowned;anditislikethedoorofHittah(thedoorthatwhoeverpassesthroughithashissinsforgiven).”OpeopleIhaveheardyourProphetsay,“Ihavelefttwothingsamongstyou.Ifyouholdontothemyouwillnotgoastray;TheBookofGodandmyHousehold.”When Abuzar returned to Medina, Othman called for him and interrogating him, asking him,

“WhatmadeyougiveaspeechinHajj?”Abuzarreplied,“ThatwastheorderoftheProphet”.Othmanasked,“Doyouhaveanywitnesses?”ImamAliandMeqdad testifiedforhimand the threeof themleft.When theyhadgoneabit far,

Othmansaid,“Thismanandhistwofriendsthinktheyholdahighrank.”Thisparticulareventhasalsobeennarrateddifferentlywiththeadditionofanimportantpoint.Sheikh Toosi in his book ofAmali narrateswith a chain of narration fromRafee, the slave of

Abuzar.AbuzarclimbedthestairsoftheKabahandheldtheringoftheKabah’sdoor.Heleanedtothedoorandsaid,“OPeople, thosewhoknowme,knowmeandforthosewhodonotknowme,IamAbuzar. IheardfromtheProphet thathesaid,“TrulymyHouseholdamongmyUmmahis like theship ofNoah for hisUmmah.Whoever gets on boardwill survive andwhoever leaves it will bedrowned.”Also I heard theProphet say, “Make thepositionofmyHousehold amongyou asyourheadisforyourbodyandlikeyoureyesareforyourhead.Abodyisnotleadexceptbytheheadandtheheadisnotleadexceptbytheeyes.”IbnAbbashasalsonarratedaHadiththatexplainsthepositionoftheAhlulBayt.نل و اهباب تنأ و ةمكحلا ةنیدم انأ يلع ای بلاط يبأ نب يلعل هللا لوسر لاق : لاق سابع نبا نع ریبج نب دیعس نع هدنسب یسلجملا

نم كحور و يمد نم كمد و يمحل نم كمحل كنم انأ و ينم كنأل كضغبی و ينبحی هنأ معز نم بذك و بابلا لبق نم الإ ةنیدملا ىتؤتنم حبر و كاصع نم يقش و كعاطأ نم دعس يدعب اهیلع يتفیلخ و يتمأ مامإ تنأ و يتینالع كتینالع و يتریرس كتریرس و يحورنم و اجن اهبكر نم حون ةنیفس لثم يدعب كدلو نم ةمئألا لثم و كلثم كقراف نم كله و كمزل نم زاف و كاداع نم رسخ و كالوت3 ] ةمایقلا موی ىلإ مجن علط مجن باغ املك موجنلا لثم مكلثم و قرغ اهنع فلخت ]AllamahMajlisi narrateswith a chain of narration fromSaeed Ibn Jubair from IbnAbbas. The

Prophet toldAliIbnAbutalib,“O,AliIamthecityofwisdomandyouareitsgateandnoonecanenterthiscityunlesshepassesthroughitsgate.Thosewhothinktheylovemeandtheyhateyou,theyarelying.BecauseyouarefrommeandIamfromyou.Yourfleshisfromme,yourbloodisfrommyblood,andyoursoulisfrommysoul.Yoursecretsaremineandyourapparentismine.YouaretheleaderofmyUmmahandmysuccessorafterme.Whoeverobeysyouisprivilegedandwhoeverdisobeysyouisunfortunate.Whoeverlovesyouwillbebenefittedandwhoeverhatesyouisaloser.Whoeveraccompaniesyouwill reach thedestinationandwhomaintainsdistance fromyouwillbedestroyed.Youand the Imamsfromyourdescendantsare like theshipofNoah.Thosewhogetonboardthisshipwillsurviveandthosewhoareleftoutoftheshipwillperish.Andyouarelikestars.TilltheDayofJudgement,wheneveroneofthemsets,anotheronerises.”

ج23ص119[1] راحبج23ص123[2] راحب[3]126 : 23ص : ج راونألاراحب

HAZARDOFDEVIATION

The threat of deviation is explained in the book of Kashful Haq by AllamahHilli by narrating aHadithfromHafizIbnMuhammadIbnMusaShirazi.ThishadithcomesinabookcompiledbyHafizIbnMuhammadfromthetwelveTafsir[1]. رشع ينثالا ریسافتلا نم هجرختسا يذلا هباتك يف يزاریشلا ىسوم نب دمحم ظفاحلا ىور هللا همحر يلحلا ةمالعلل قحلا فشكنب فسوی ریسفت و ، حارج نب عیكو ریسفت و ، نامیلس نب لتاقم ریسفت و ، حیرج نبا ریسفت و ، نایفس نب بوقعی فسوی يبأ ریسفت،و دهاجم ریسفت ،و يدسلا ریسفت ،و يئاطلا برح نب يلع ریسفت ،و مالس نب مساقلا ةدیبع يبأ ریسفت ،و ةداتق ریسفت ،و ناطقلا ىسومو هیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر دنع اسولج انك لاق ، كلام نب سنأ نع ، ةرهامجلا نم مهلك ،و حلاص يبأ ریسفت ،و نایح نب لتاقم ریسفتهللا دبع هنإ هللا لوسر ای انلقف .. هفرعأ ال هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر انل لاقف ، يكزی و قدصتی و موصی و يلصی الجر انركاذتف هلآرظنف ، اذ وه انلقف ، انیلع علط دق ذإ لجرلا ركذ يف نحن انیبف ، هفرعأ ال هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر لاقف . هدحوی و هسدقی و هحبسی وبزح نم هیتأی نم لوأ هنإف ، هقنع برضاف لجرلا اذه ىلإ ضما و اذه يفیس ذخ ركب يبأل لاقف ، هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر هیلإ

هللا لوسر ىلإ عجرف ، نیلصملا لتق نع اناهن ( ص ) هللا لوسر نإف ، هلتقأ ال هللا و لاقف ، اعكار هآرف دجسملا ركب وبأ لخدف .. ناطیشلاذخ و رمع ای مق ، هبحاصب تسلف ، سلجا هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر لاقف . يلصی هتیأر ينإ هللا لوسر ای لاقف ، هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلصتلقف ، ادجاس لجرلا تیأرف دجسملا تلخد و ركب يبأ نم فیسلا تذخأف رمع لاق ، هقنع برضاف دجسملا لخدا و ركب يبأ دی نم يفیس

. ادجاس لجرلا تیأر ينإ هللا لوسر ای تلقف ، هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر ىلإ تعجرف ، ينم ریخ وه نم هنمأتسا دقف هلتقأ ال هللا ويلع لاق . ادبأ فالتخا يتمأ نیب عقی مل هتلتق نإ كنإف ، هلتقاف هتدجو نإ ، هلتاق تنأ كنإف يلع ای مق ، هبحاصب تسلف سلجا رمع ای لاقف

. هتیأر ام ( ص ) هللا لوسر ای تلقف ، هلآ و هیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر ىلإ تعجرف ، هرأ ملف دجسملا تلخد و فیسلا تذخأف مالسلا هیلعو نیتنثا تقرتفا ( ع ) ىسیع ةمأ نإ ،و رانلا يف نوقابلا و ةیجان ةقرف ، ةقرف نیعبس و ىدحإ تقرتفا ىسوم ةمأ نإ نسحلا ابأ ای لاقفای تلقف . رانلا يف نوقابلا و ةیجان ةقرف ، ةقرف نیعبس و ثالث ىلع قرتفتس يتمأ نإ و ، رانلا يف نوقابلا و ةیجان ةقرف ، ةقرف نیعبسنم لوأ اذه لوقی . هفطع يناث لجرلا كلذ يف ىلاعت هللا لزنأف ، كباحصأ و هیلع تنأ امب كسمتملا لاقف . ةیجانلا ام و ( ص ) هللا لوسر2] نیفص موی ( ع ) نینمؤملا ریمأ الإ لجرلا كلذ لتق ام هللا و سابع نبا لاق . تالالضلا و عدبلا باحصأ نم رهظی ]AnasIbnMaliknarrates,“WewereintheProphet’spresenceandwediscussedtheprayers,fasts,

donationsandZakatofsomeone.TheProphetsaid,“Idonotknowhim.” I said,“O,MessengerofAllah,heisoneofGod’sservantsinthathealwaysprays,glorifies,sanctifiesandmentionsAllah’suniqueness.”TheProphetagainsaid,“Idonotknowhim”.Suddenlythatmanenteredfromthedoor.Wesaid,“Thisistheman”.TheProphetlookedathimandsaidtoAbu-Bakr,“Takemyswordandgoto thismanandkillhimbecausehe is the firstmanofSatan’sparty”.Abu-Bakr followedhimandenteredthemosquebuthesawhiminRuku.Hesaid,“IsweartoGodthatIwillnotkillhimbecauseOur Prophet prohibits killing those who pray” Then he returned to Prophet and said, “He waspraying”.TheProphetsaid,“Sitdown!Youcannotdo it.Omar!Getup, takemyswordfromAbu-Bakrandkillhim”.Omarsays,“ItooktheswordandIenteredthemosqueIsawhiminprostration.Itoldmyselfthattheonewhoisbetterthanmedidnotkillhim,”andhereturnedtoProphetandsaid,“O,Prophet!Isawhimprostrating”.TheProphetsaid,“Sitdown!Youcannotdoit.O,Ali!Youcankill thatman.Goand ifyouseehimkillhimbecause ifyoukillhimmyUmmahwillnotdiverge.ImamAli says, “I took the sword and entered themosque but I did not see him, so I returned toProphetandIsaid,“Ididnotseehim”.TheProphetsaid,“O,AbaAl-HassantheUmmahofMosesturnedtoseventyonesects.Oneofthemwillsurvive(fromHell)andtherestofthemwillbeinhell.TheUmmahofJesusturnedtoseventytwosects.Oneofthemwillsurvive(fromHell)andtherestofthemwillbeinhell.MyUmmahwillturntoseventythree.Oneofthemwillsurvive(fromHell)andtherestof themwillbe inhell.” ImamAlisaid,“O,MessengerofAllah,whichsectwillsurvive?”The Prophet said, “The group that holds on to what you and your followers hold on to.” AllahdescendedtheninthAyahofSurahAl-Haj[3]aboutthatman.Hewasthefirstmanofcompanionofheresy.IbnAbbassays,“IsweartoGod,AlikilledhiminthebattleofSiffin”.

دمحأ نب دمحم نع دیعس نب دمحم نب نیسحلا نع ع ةمئألا ددع ىلع صوصنلا يف ةیافكلا باتك يف زازخلا دمحم نب يلع

يتمأ قرتفتس ص هللا لوسر لاق لاق ع يلع نع ءاكبلا ىیحی نع يمیمتلا ىیحی يبأ نع يراجنسلا دمحم نب ناورم نع يناوفصلانولمعی وال مكملع نم نوسبتقی و مكتیالوب نوكسمتی نیذلا نوجانلا و نوكلاه نوقابلا و ةیجان اهنم ةقرف ةقرف نیعبس و ثالث ىلع

4 ] لیبس نم مهیلع ام كئلوأف مهیأرب ]Finding the correct path and holding on to it is a recurrent theme in our Ahadith. Ali Ibn

MuhammadKhazazinhisbookofKefayehnarratesfromImamAli,“TheMessengerofAllahsaid,“MyUmmahwillbeinseventythreesects.Oneofthemwillgettosalvationandtherestofthemwillperish.OnlythosewhoholdontoyourVelayat(successorship)andbenefitfromyourknowledgeanddo not follow their own opinionwill succeed. (Those are the oneswho) no one can find fault inthem.”IntheSalawat,thisphrasetellsustheabovefactsintheformofmetaphors:

دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللااهكرت نم قرغی و اهبكر نم نمأی ةرماغلا ججللا يف ةیراجلا كلفلاقحال مهل مزاللا و قهاز مهنع رخأتملا و قرام مهل مدقتملا

OmyAllahsendblessingsonMuhammadandonthedescendantsofMuhammad,anunsinkablesailingshipafloatoverthefathomlessdeepwatersoftheseas;whosoevergetsintoitissavedandwhosoeverstaysawayisdrowned;whosoeverstepsinfrontofthemmissestheaimandgoesastray,whosoever lags behind wanders in wilderness. Whosoever holds fast to them reaches thedestination.

[1]TherearetwelveTafasirbytwelveseniorscholarsofShia.TheyaretheTafsirofAbiYaghubIbnSufyan,TafsirofIbnJreih,TafsirofMaqatelIbnSuleyman,TafsirofVakieIbnJarah,TafsirofYusufIbnMusaAl-Qatan,TafsirofQatadeh,TafsirofAbiUbeidehIbnSallam,TafsirofAliIbnHarbAl-Tayee,TafsirAl-Suda,TafsirofMojahid,TafsirofMoqtilIBnHayan,TafsirofAbiSaleh.[2]336 : 30ص : ج راونألاراحب[3]٩﴿ قیرحلا باذع ةمایقلا موی هقیذنو يزخ ایندلا يف هل هللا لیبس نع لضیل هفطع يناث ﴾9.Bendinghisneckinpride(farastrayfromthePathofAllah),andleading(others)too(far)astrayfromthePathofAllah.Forhimthereisdisgraceinthisworldlylife,andontheDayofResurrectionWeshallmakehimtastethetormentofburning(Fire).[4]50 : 27ص : ج ةعیشلا لئاسو

6ChapterFOURTHCHAPTER:REFUGEANDRECOURSE

و نیصحلا فهكلا دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللا نیمصتعملا ةمصع و نیبراهلا إجلم و نیكتسملا رطضملا ثایغ

UNIQUENESSANDRECOURSE

ThemostfundamentalbeliefthathassuperiorityandprominenceisuniquenessofGodoraswecallitTawhid.This principlemeans that youmust notworship anyone and there is no creator for thisworldandthereisnotanypowerexceptAllah.(39، فهکلا ، هللااب الإ ةوق ال هللا ءاش ام )“ItisasAllahhaspleased.ThereisnopowersaveinAllah”[1].LikewisebelievingineveryindecentpowerandeffectbesidesAllahisalsoheresy.Howeverwhile

guardingourthoughtsfromheresywemustalsokeepinmindthatthewisdomofAllahdictatesthatHechoosesaninstrumenttogeteveryjobdone.ForexamplethepowerofhealingisintheHandofAllahbutforcuringanydiseaseswemustgotodoctorsandusemedicine.Wemustkeepinourmindthat thepowerof themindof that doctor and the effect of thatmedicine is alsobyAllah.AnotherexamplethatwemustkeepinmindisthattheSustainerofallcreaturesisAllah.“SurelyAllahisthebestowerofsustenance”[2]Butwemuststriveandworkfortheattainmentofoursustenance.Similarly,inthespiritualwayfaringtherearesomespiritualactionsthatGodprescribesforgetting

closertoHim.Duaisoneoftheimportantones.“Say:MyLordwouldnotcareforyouwereitnotforyourprayer;butyouhaveindeedrejected(thetruth)sothatwhichshallcleaveshallcome”[3]Another one ormaybe themost important one is intercession and the phrases from theSalawat

mentionedatthebeginningofthischapterhighlightthis.

[1](39، فهکلا ، هللااب الإ ةوق ال هللا ءاش ام )[2]58 تایراذلا نیتملاةوقلا وذ قازرلا وه هللا نا[3]" ناقرفلا (77 ) امازل نوكی فوسف متبذك دقف مكؤاعد ال ول يبر مكب اؤبعی ام لق "

INTERCESSIONINTHEHOLYQURAN

TheHolyQuranenunciatesresortingtoProphetandsays," امیحر اباوت هللا اودجول لوسرلا مهل رفغتسا و هللا اورفغتساف كؤاج مهسفنأ اوملظ ذإ مهنأ ول و هللا نذإب عاطیل الإ لوسر نم انلسرأ ام1]"] If when they had been unjust to themselves, (they) had come to you (Muhammad) and begged

Allah'sForgiveness,and theMessengerhadbeggedforgiveness for them: indeed, theywouldhavefoundAllahAll-Forgiving(Onewhoacceptsrepentance),MostMerciful.AlsoinanotherAyahitsays:

"2] نوحلفت مكلعل هلیبس يف اودهاج و ةلیسولا هیلإ اوغتبا و هللا اوقتا اونمآ نیذلا اهیأای ]"Oyouwhobelieve!DoyourdutytoAllahandfearHim.SeekthemeansofapproachtoHim,and

strivehardinHisCauseasmuchasyoucan.Sothatyoumaybesuccessful.Muslimsthroughouthistoryhavespenttheirmoney,timeandevengivenuptheirlivestoexecute

theQuranicorder. Ithasalwaysbeenaprevalent traditionamongMuslimstovisit the tombofourbelovedProphet and hisAhlulBayt.The aversion shown towards this act by a small group in thenameofWahabism (thatwasmadeup two centuries agobyprovocationof anEnglish spy) is notsomethingthatcanstandagainstthisdeep-rootedtradition.

[1](64) ءاسنلا[2](35) هدئام

INTERCESSIONINAHADITH

In theAhadithof theProphet and theAhlulBayt, intercession is strongly recommendedand it hasbeen constantly repeated in their stories and traditions. There are many examples even from theresourcesofthescholarsoftheAhleSunnat.Herewementionjusttwoofthem.HakimNeyshaboriinthebookofMostadraknarratesfromOmar,“TheProphetsaid,“WhenAdam

madethatmistake,hetoldAllah,“OMyLord,IaskyoubythenameofMohammadtoforgiveme.”Allahreplied,“HowdoyouknowhimnotwithstandingIdidnotcreatehimyet?”Adamsaid,“WhenYoucreatedmebyYourMightyHandandyoublewyourspiritintomybody,IlookedtothepillarofYour Throne and I saw these words “There is no lord but Allah and Muhammad is Allah’sMessenger.”SoIunderstoodthatMuhammadisthemostbelovedcreaturetoYoubecauseYouputhisnamebesideYours”Allahaddressedhimandsaid,“Youareright.HeisthemostbelovedtoMeandbecauseyouhaveaskedforgivenessinhisnameIwillforgiveyouandifMuhammadwouldnothaveexistedIwouldnothaveevencreatedyou.”[1]ThematterofintercessionisdefiniteandacceptedbetweenallMuslimsanditisnotarecentissue.

In historywe seewhenMansorAl-Abassiwent forHajj, hewent toMedina to visit the Prophet’stomb.MalikEbnAnas, the leaderof the sect of theMaleki, toldhim, “ReduceyourvoicebecauserespectingtheProphet isessentialwhetherhe isdeadoralive.”Al-Mansoraskedhim,“WhenIamprayingorrecitingDua,shouldIfacetheProphet’sgraveortheQibleh?”Maliksaid,“WhywouldyouwanttoturnyourfaceawayfromtheProphetwhereasheisyourintercederandtheintercederofyourFatherAdamtoAllah.FacehimandaskhimforintercessionbecauseAllahhassaid,“Ifwhenthey had been unjust to themselves, (they) had come to you (Muhammad) and begged Allah'sForgiveness, and theMessenger had begged forgiveness for them: indeed, theywould have foundAllahAll-Forgiving(Onewhoacceptsrepentance),MostMerciful”[2].Nevertheless, in theShia theology, the issue of intercession hasmore depth and ismorewidely

discussed. هل نم سیل أو يدابع ای لوقی لج و زع هللا نإ لوقی ص ادمحم تعمس لاق يسرافلا ناملس نع يعادلا ةدع يف دهف نب دمحأ

و يلع قلخلا مركأ نأ اوملعاف الأ مهعیفشل ةمارك اهنوضقت مكیلإ قلخلا بحأب مكیلع لمحتی نأ الإ اهب نودوجت ال رابك جئاوح مكیلإدیری ةیهاد هتمهد وأ اهعفن دیری ةجاح هتمه نم ينعدیلف هللا ىلإ لئاسولا مه نیذلا ةمئألا هدعب نم و يلع هوخأ و دمحم يدل مهلضفأيف يركسعلا هاور و هیلإ قلخلا زعأب ( هل نوعفشتست ) نم اهیضقی ام نسحأ هل اهضقأ نیرهاطلا نیبیطلا هلآ و دمحمب اهرض فشكهلثم هریسفت

Inahadith, IbnFahdHellynarrateswith thechainofnarration thatSalmansays,“IheardfromtheProphet, “God says, “My servant, if someone is in great need of you, youwill not fulfil his needunlessheresortstoyourbeloved.Thenoutofrespectyougivehisneed.Thusthemostbelovedandthemost preferredpeople tome in thisworld areMohammad,his brotherAli andhis successors.TheyareyourintercederstoyourGod.SoanyonewhohasawishtomakeaprofitorhasacalamitythathewantstoavoidshouldaskMebythenameofMuhammad.ThenIwillgivehimwhathewantsinthebestshape.”ThishadithhasbeennarratedintheTafsirofImamHassanAskari[3].ThereareotherkindsofAhadithaboutintercessionaswellthatannounceawayofresortingsuch

asthefollowing. نإف يلع و دمحم قحب كلأسأ ينإ مهللا لقف ةجاح هللا دنع ةعامس ای كل ناك اذإ ع نسحلا وبأ يل لاق لاق ةعامس نع هدنسب ینیلکلا

و اذك يب لعفت نأ و دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع يلصت نأ ردقلا كلذ قحب و نأشلا كلذ قحبف ردقلا نم اردق و نأشلا نم انأش كدنع امهلاذك "KulayninarrateswithachainofnarrationfromSamaeh.SamaehnarratesfromImamMossaAl-

Kazem,“SamaehwheneveryouhavearequestfromGod,say“O,AllahIaskyoutosendyourpeace

andblessings toMohammad -peacebeuponhim-andAlibecause theyarehaveagreatplace andprodigious excellency before you. I swear by this Excellency, send your peace and blessings toMohammadandhishouseholdandpleasedothisorthatforme.[4]

[1]1371 هجفص 4 دلج افولا افو[2]1376 هحفص 4 دلج افولاافو [3]102 : 7ص : ج ةعیشلا لئاسوج2ص563[4] یفاکلا

INTERCESSIONOFTHERIGHTEOUS

Sometimeswemaythinkthatintercessionisonlyforsinnersorforregularpeople,butweseethatevenprophetsandrighteouspeopleresorttoourProphetandhishousehold.ThisismentionedinlotsofAhadith.

اعد قرغلا ىلع حون فرشأ امل :" لاق مالسلا هیلع اضرلا نع هیبأ نع لاضف نب هدنسب ءایبنألا صصق يف يدنوارلا هللا ةبه نب دیعسبرض امل ىسوم نإ و امالس و ادرب رانلا هیلع هللا لعجف انقحب هللا اعد رانلا يف میهاربإ يمر امل و قرغلا هنع هللا عفدف انقحب هللا

1 "] هیلإ هعفرف لتقلا نم اجنف انقحب هللا اعد هلتق دوهیلا دارأ امل ىسیع نإ و اسبی لعجف انقحب هللا اعد رحبلا يف اقیرط ]OurgreatscholarRavandiinthebookofQassasofAl-Ambia(storiesofprophets)narratesfrom

ImamReza,“WhentheshipofNoahwasabouttodrown,heaskedAllahbyourrightandAllahsavedhimfrombeingdrowned.AlsowhenAbrahamwasthrownintothefire,heaskedAllahbyourright,sothefireturnedcoldandsafeforhim.Inaddition,whenMosesreachedthesea,hetooaskedAllahbyourrightthereforeGoddriedhisway.IndeedwhentheJewswantedtokillJesus,heaskedAllahbyourright,becauseofwhichhewassavedfrommurderandGodelevatedhimtoHimself.”SheikhHorAl-AmelitalkingaboutresortingtotheProphetandtheAhlulBeytsays,“Ahadiththat

arenarratedaboutresortingaremany.TherearealsomanyAHadithandDuasfullofintercessionthattheAhleAl-Sunnahnarrate.[2]

ج4ص1143[1] هعیشلا لئاسو ج26ص325 راحبج7ص103[2] هعیشلا لئاسو

7ChapterFIFTHCHAPTER:SALAWAT

بر ای ةوق و كنم لوحب ءاضق و ءادأ دمحم لآ و دمحم قحل و ىضر مهل نوكت ةریثك ةالص دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللانیملاعلا

agreatmanyblessings,astimulationforinnerjoyandpeaceofmindtothem,afulfillmenttheobligation unto Muhammad and the children of Muhammad, duly decreed as a duty by theauthorityandpowerThoucommands,OtheLordoftheworlds.AswehavealreadydiscussedthesubjectofSalawatatthebeginning,itwillnotberepeatedhere.

8ChapterSIXTHCHAPTER:OBEDIENCEANDTHEDUTYOFACCEPTINGCOMMANDS

مهتیالو و مهتعاط تضرف و مهقوقح تبجوأ نیذلا رایخألا راربألا نیبیطلا دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللاO Allah send blessings onMuhammad and on the descendants ofMuhammad, the good, the

attested by Thy witness, the high-minded chosen in preference by Thee, whose- claim has beendeclaredamustforall toaccept, toobeythem,tolovethemhasbeenmadeobligatoryunderThycommands.

THERIGHTOFACCEPTINGCOMMANDSANDSUPERINTENDENCE

InIslamicideology,therightofindividualsandgroupsarereciprocal.Ifthereisarightforparents,ontheotherhand,thereisalsoarightfortheirchildren.Ifgovernmentshavetherighttolead,thenthe peoplemust obey them, likewise people too have rights and governments and governorsmustobservethem.In the relationbetweenProphetsandImamswith theirUmmah there isalsoagiveand take.The

dutyofProphetsandImamsisrelayingthemessageofAllah.“nothingis(incumbent)ontheapostlebuttodeliver(themessage)”[1].Prophets, especially Our Prophet accomplished their duty in the best way. In the Ziyarat of the

Prophet,wetestifythattheProphetputinhisutmostefforttowardsthisduty.Wesay,“I testify thatyou are HisMessenger, and you areMuhammad, son of Abdullaah; and I testify that you haddelivered theMessage of your Lord, advised andwarned your followers (Ummah) like a sincerefriend, and strived, leaving no stone unturned, against heavy odds, in the cause of Allah, withwisdom,andgoodadvice.Strongandpowerfulsupport,fromtheTruthful(Allah)wasputatyourdisposal; (and) youhadbeenkind and compassionate to the believers ,(but)wereharshwith thedisbelievers,andhadsincerelyservedAllah,tilltheinevitable(whatwascertain-death)cameuntoyou.SoAllahmadeyoureachthehigheststageofgloryandhonor.”[2]NowitisourturntoknowwhatisthedutyoftheUmmahtowardstheProphet?Alsowemustask

ourselves ifwe have put in our efforts towards these duties?Two important duties that have beenpointedoutby ImamSajjad in theabovephrasesof theSalawatare:Velayat (superintendence)andobedience. These two responsibilities have a co-relation with each other, because the effect ofacceptingthesuperintendenceandofloveisobedience,andthetrueloverobeysallthecommandsofhis beloved. In fact, the Quran calls love for the Prophet’s Household as the recompense of hisefforts.“Say(OMuhammad):"NorewarddoIaskofyouforthisexcepttobekindtomeformykinship

with you." Andwhoever earns a good righteous deed,We shall give him an increase of good inrespectthereof.Verily,AllahisOft-Forgiving,Mostreadytoappreciate(thedeedsofthosewhoareobedienttoHim).”[3]Howeveritisimportanttonotetwoimportantpointsconcerningthesetworesponsibilities.These

are,theimportanceofacceptingtheirsuperintendenceanditseffects.

[1](99، هدئاملا ، غالبلا الا لوسرلا یلع امو )[2]ZyaratofProphetinSaturdays[3]23 ) ىروشلا )

IMPORTANCEOFACCEPTINGTHEIRSUPERINTENDENCE

ForbetterunderstandingtheImportanceofacceptingImam’ssuperintendence,wedrawyourattentiontosomeofthemanyAhadithonthissubject.

هللا لوسر لاق : لاق سابع نبا نع يلامألا یف يسوطلا خیشلا : ىلع هللا هبكأ دمحم لآل اضغبم هللا يقل و يلابلا نشلاك نوكی ىتح ماع فلأ و ماع فلأ ماقملا و نكرلا نیب هللا دبع ادباع نأ ول ومنهج يف هیرخنم234 : 7ص : ج راونألاراحبSheikh Toosi in the book of Amaly narrates from Ibn Abbas, “The Prophet says, “If a devout

worshipper worships Allah between the Rokn[1] and Maqam[2] for thousand years until he/shebecomes like an emptywornwaterskin and dieswhile he hates theProphet’s household,Godwillthrowhimbyhisfaceintothehellfire.[3]

امل : ص هللا لوسر لاق : لاق هئابآ نع قداصلا نع رمع نب لضفملا نع هدانسإب مالسلا هیلع اضرلا رابخأ نویع یف قودصلادمحم ای لاق نأ ىلإ ع نیسحلا و نسحلا و ةمطاف و يلع و دمحم يف ثیدحلا قاس و هلالج لج يبر يلإ ىحوأ ءامسلا ىلإ يب يرسأربخلا يشرع تحت هتللظأ وال يتنج هتنكسأ ام مهتیالول ادحاج يناتأ مث يلابلا نشلاك ریصی و عطقنی ىتح يندبع ادبع نأ ول358 : 8ص : ج راونألاراحبInthebookofOyonofAkhbarAl-Reza,SadooghnarrateswiththechainofnarrationfromImam

Sadeq, and Imam Sadeq narrates from Prophet that: “When I was taken high into the skies Godrevealed tome, “O,Muhammad, If one ofmy servants prays tomeby all of his strength until hebecomes likeawornoutandoldwaterskinand thenhecomes inMypresencewhilehedenies thesuperintendenceofMuhammad,Ali,Fatima,HassanandHussein,IwillnotlethimenterheavenandIwillnotletmythronetoshadowoverhishead.”[4]

لوسر لاق لاق يلهابلا ةمامأ يبأ ىلإ اعوفرم لیزنتلا دهاوش باتك يف روكذملا دانسإلاب مساقلا يبأ نع دمحلا وبأ دیسلا انربخأ ونیسحلا و نسحلا و اهعرف يلع و اهلصأ انأف ةدحاو ةرجش نم يلع و انأ تقلخ و ىتش راجشأ نم ءایبنألا قلخ ىلاعت هللا نإ ص هللا

مث ماع فلأ ةورملا و افصلا نیب هللا دبع ادبع نأ ول و ىوه غاز نم و اجن اهناصغأ نم نصغب قلعت نمف انقاروأ انعایشأ و اهرامثالت مث رانلا يف هیرخنم ىلع هللا هبكأ انتبحم كردی مل مث يلابلا نشلاك ریصی ىتح ماع فلأ مث ماع فلأ :(33، یروشلا . ىبرقلا يف ةدوملا الإ ارجأ هیلع مكلئسأ ال لق )HaskaniinthebookofShawahidAl-TanzilwiththechainofnarrationnarratesfromAbuEmameh

BahelifromProphet,“TrulyAllahcreatedprophetsfromdifferenttreesandcreatedmeandAlifromthesametree.Iamtherootofthattree,Aliisitsbranches,HassanandHusseinarethefruitsandtheShias are the leaves of this tree. Whosoever grasps to any of these branches will survive andwhosoevergetsdeviatedwillfalldown.AlsoifaservantworshipsAllahforthousandyearsandthenanotherthousandyearsandthenanotherthousandyearsbetweenSafaandMarvehuntilhebecomeslikeanoldwaterskinbuthedoesnotappreciateour love,Godwill throwhimbyhis face into thehellfire.ThenProphet recited thisverse,“Say(OMuhammad,"NorewarddoIaskofyoufor thisexcepttobekindtomeformykinshipwithyou."[5]

هریسفت يف يبلعثلا و هدنسم يف لبنح نب دمحأ و نیحیحصلا يف روهمجلا ىور قحلا فشك باتك يف هحور هللا حور ةمالعلا لاقلاق مهتدوم انیلع تبجو نیذلا كتبارق نم هللا لوسر ای اولاق ىبرقلا يف ةدوملا الإ ارجأ هیلع مكلئسأ ال لق لزن امل لاق سابع نبا نع

امهانبا و ةمطاف و يلع AlsoAllameh in the book ofKashfAl-Haq haswritten, “AhlAl-Sunna inSahiheyn andAhmad

HanbalinthebookofMosnad,SalabiinhisQuraninterpretationnarratesfromIbnAbbas,“Whentheverse“SayOMuhammad,"NorewarddoIaskofyouforthisexcepttobekindtomeformykinshipwithyou”descended, thecompanionsof theProphetasked,“O,Prophet,whoare theserelativesofyours that their love isobligateduponus?”Prophetanswered,“Ali,Fatimaand their twosons”[6].Allamehcontinues,

هل اروفغم تام دمحم لآ بح ىلع تام نم و الأ ادیهش تام دمحم لآ بح ىلع تام نم لاق هنأ ص يبنلا نع فاشكلا بحاص لقنلآ بح ىلع تام نم و الأ نامیإلا لمكتسم انمؤم تام دمحم لآ بح ىلع تام نم و الأ ابئات تام دمحم لآ بح ىلع تام نم و الأو الأ اهجوز تیب ىلإ سورعلا فزت امك ةنجلا ىلإ فزی دمحم لآ بح ىلع تام نم و الأ ریكن و ركنم مث ةنجلاب توملا كلم هرشب دمحمالأ ةمحرلا ةكئالم رازم هربق هللا لعج دمحم لآ بح ىلع تام نم و الأ ةنجلا ىلإ ناباب هربق يف هل حتف ص دمحم لآ بح ىلع تام نمسیآ هینیع نیب بوتكم ةمایقلا موی ءاج دمحم لآ ضغب ىلع تام نم و الأ ةعامجلا و ةنسلا ىلع تام دمحم لآ بح ىلع تام نم وةنجلا ةحئار مشی مل دمحم لآ ضغب ىلع تام نم و الأ ارفاك تام دمحم لآ ضغب ىلع تام نم و الأ هللا ةمحر نم“ZamakhsharinarratesfromProphet,“WhoeverdieswiththeloveofProphet’sHouseholdsdies

asamartyr.KnowthatifsomeonetrulydieswiththeloveofProphet’sHouseholds,heisforgiven.WhoeverdieswiththeloveofProphet’sHouseholds,heisrepentant.WhoeverdieswiththeloveofProphet’sHousehold,heisthecompletefaithful.Whoeverdieswith the loveofProphet’sHousehold, theangelofdeathandafterwards theNakir

andMonkarwillgivehimegladtidingsofheaven.WhoeverdieswiththeloveofProphet’sHouseholdgoestoheavenlikeabridegoestothehouse

ofhergroom.WhoeverdieswiththeloveofProphet’sHouseholdtwodoorsopenfromhisgravetotheHeaven.WhoeverdieswiththeloveofProphet’sHouseholdGodmakeshisgraveashrinefortheAngels

ofMercy.WhoeverdieswiththeloveofProphet’sHouseholdhediesasAhlAl-Sunna.WhoeverdieswiththehatredtoProphet’sHouseholdwillriseintheDayofJudgmentwhileitwill

bewrittenonhisforehead:heisdisappointedfromGod’smercy.WhoeverdieswiththehatredtoProphet’sHouseholddiesasapagan.WhoeverdieswiththehatredtoProphet’sHouseholdwillnot(even)smellthescentofheaven.”

لیلجلا يل لاق ءامسلا ىلإ يب يرسأ ةلیل لوقی ص هللا لوسر تعمس لاق ص هللا لوسر يعار ىملس يبأ نع هدنسب ناذاش نبايف تفلخ نم دمحم ای تقدص لاق هلسر و هبتك و هتكئالم و هللااب نمآ لك نونمؤملا و تلق هبر نم هیلإ لزنأ امب لوسرلا نمآ هلالج لجامسا كل تققشف اهنم كترتخاف ةعالطا ضرألا ىلإ تعلطا ينإ دمحم ای لاق بر ای معن تلق ع بلاط يبأ نب يلع لاق اهریخ تلق كتمأ

نم امسا هل تققشف ایلع اهنم ترتخاف ةیناثلا تعلطا مث دمحم تنأ و دومحملا انأف يعم تركذ الإ عضوم يف ركذأ الف يئامسأ نميرون خنس نم هدلو نم ةمئألا و نیسحلا و نسحلا و ةمطاف و ایلع تقلخ و كتقلخ ينإ دمحم ای يلع وه و ىلعألا يلعلا انأف يئامسأ

ای نیرفاكلا نم يدنع ناك اهدحج نم و نینمؤملا نم يدنع ناك اهلبق نمف نیضرألا لهأ و تاوامسلا لهأ ىلع مكتیالو تضرع وأ دمحم ای مكتیالوب رقی ىتح هل ترفغ ام مكتیالول ادحاج يناتأ مث يلابلا نشلاك ریصی و عطقنی ىتح يندبع يدیبع نم ادبع نأ ول دمحمو نیسحلا نب يلع و نیسحلا و نسحلا و ةمطاف و يلعب انأ اذإف تفتلاف شرعلا نیمی نع تفتلا يل لاقف بر ای معن تلق مهارت نأ بحت

يدهملا و يلع نب نسحلا و دمحم نب يلع و يلع نب دمحم و ىسوم نب يلع و رفعج نب ىسوم و دمحم نب رفعج و يلع نب دمحمنم رئاثلا وه و ججحلا ءالؤه دمحم ای لاقف يرد بكوك هنأك ء يضی يدهملا ينعی مهطسو يف وه و نولصی مایق رون نم حاضحض يفىلع عقت نأ تاوامسلا هللا كسمی مهب و ةبجاولا ةجحلا مهل و يئادعأ نم مقتنملا و يئایلوأل رصانلا هنإ يلالج و يتزع وف كترتع

. هنذإب الإ ضرألاIbn Shazan Qomi in the book of Mea Manqabah (Hundred Good Attributes) with the chain of

narrationfromAbiSalmatheshepherdwhosays,“IheardfromtheProphetwhosaid:“Inthenightinwhichtheyelevatedme,AllahtheAlmightytoldme,“OProphethavefaithonwhatGoddescendedonyou.”Isaid,“AllfaithfulhavefaithinAllahandtheangelsandthebooksthatdescendedfromthesky and all of God’s messengers.” God said, “You are right. Who have you appointed as yoursuccessor inyourUmmah?Isaid,“Thebestof them”Allahsaid,“Is itAli?”Isaid,“Yesmylord”Godsaid,“O,Muhammad,IsearchedtheearthandIchoseyouandImadeanameforyoufrommyname. So I will not be remembered anywhere unless you will be remembered. I am Mahmoud(praisedone)andyouareMuhammad(Praiseworthy).ThenIlookedagainandchoseAliandamongmyname,IpreferredanameandIbranchedanameforhim.IamtheAliAl-Aela(thehighestoftheheight) and he isAli (highest).O,Muhammad I created you,Ali, Fatima,Hassan andHussein andyoursuccessorsfromthedescendantsofAlifromtheclassofmylight.Inaddition,Iofferedyoursuperintendencetoskiesandearths.Therefore,whoeveracceptedit,Iacceptedhimasafaithfuland

thosewhodenieditIknowhimasapagan.O,MuhammadifaservantofMyservantsworshipsMeuntil his strength ends and turns like an old water skin but he dies while he denies yoursuperintendence, and he enters My presence I will not leave him until he accepts yoursuperintendence.OMuhammad,doyouliketoseethemall(yoursuccessors)?Isaid,“Yesmylord”Godsaid,“lookattherightsideofmythrone”IlookedandIsawAli,Fatima,Hassan,Hussein,AliIbnHussein,MuhammadIbnAlil,JaffarIbnMuhammad,MusaIbnJaffar,AliIbnMusa,MuhammadIbnAli,Ali IbnMuhammad,HassanIbnAliandMahdi inaplatterofLightandtheywerepraying.Also he, I mean Mahdi among them was shining. God told me, “O Muhammad they are thetestimonies and he (Mahdi) is revenger of your kinship’s blood. I take oath to my Honor andExcellencythathewillserveasanaidtomybelovedandtherevengerofmyenemies.TheyaretheobligatedtestimoniesandbythemGodkeepstheskyfromfalling.[7]”

[1]ThepillarofKabehthathasthestoneofHajarAl-Aswadinstalledinit.[2]Maghamis thestone thathas the traceofProphetAbraham’s feet.TheplacebetweenRuknandMaghamisoneoftheholiestplacesbetweenMuslims.[3]234 : 7ص : ج راونألاراحب[4]358 : 8ص : ج راونألاراحب[5]231 : 23ص : ج راونألاراحب[6]233 : 23ص : ج راونألاراحبص40[7 هبقنم ةام ]

EFFECTSOFACCEPTINGTHEIRSUPERINTENDENCE

ThelovefortheHouseholdoftheProphetistermedastherepaymenttotheProphet,butthefactisthatthebenefitandtheadvantageofthislovecomesbacktousandthisisthewayofgettingclosertoAllah.Thisloveandtheacceptanceoftheirsuperintendenceiswhatmakesthedevoteeobedientandmakeshimpious.PeoplelikeSalman,Abuzar,MeqdadandAmaarstudiedinthisschool.ThosewhoclaimtobeadherentsoftheAhlulBeytanddonotreachpiety,theyonlyboast.IntheAhadithofAhlulBeytourImamsrejectedtheirclaimssuchasthehadiththatSheikhKuleinynarratesinthebookofKafi.

لج و زع هللا عاطأ نم الإ انتعیش ام هللا وف بهاذملا مكب بهذت ال لاق ع رفعج يبأ نع ملسم نب دمحم نع هدنسب ینیلکلاSheikhKuleinynarratesfromMuhammadIbnMuslemfromImamBaqer,“Thevariouswaysdoes

notcauseyoudiversion(but)IsweartoAllahyouarenotourShiaunlessyouobeyGod”[1].HealsonarratesfromJaberIbnAbdullahfromImamBaqer,الإ انتعیش ام هللا وف تیبلا لهأ انبحب لوقی نأ عیشتلا لحتنا نم يفتكی أ رباج ای يل لاق لاق ع رفعج يبأ نع رباج نع هدنسب ینیلکلانیدلاولاب ربلا و ةالصلا و موصلا و هللا ركذ ةرثك و ةنامألا و عشختلا و عضاوتلاب الإ رباج ای نوفرعی اوناك ام و هعاطأ و هللا ىقتا نم

ریخ نم الإ سانلا نع نسلألا فك و نآرقلا ةوالت و ثیدحلا قدص و ماتیألا و نیمراغلا و ةنكسملا لهأ و ءارقفلا نم ناریجلل دهاعتلا وبهاذملا كب نبهذت ال رباج ای لاقف ةفصلا هذهب ادحأ مویلا فرعن ام هللا لوسر نبا ای تلقف رباج لاق ءایشألا يف مهرئاشع ءانمأ اوناك و

ال مث ع يلع نم ریخ ص هللا لوسرف هللا لوسر بحأ ينإ لاق ولف الاعف كلذ عم نوكی ال مث هالوتأ و ایلع بحأ لوقی نأ لجرلا بسحزع هللا ىلإ دابعلا بحأ ةبارق دحأ نیب و هللا نیب سیل هللا دنع امل اولمعا و هللا اوقتاف ائیش هایإ هبح هعفن ام هتنسب لمعی وال هتریس عبتی نم ةءارب انعم ام و ةعاطلاب الإ ىلاعت و كرابت هللا ىلإ برقتی ام هللا و رباج ای هتعاطب مهلمعأ و مهاقتأ هیلع مهمركأ و لج و“O, Jaber, thosewho claim tobeourShia and they just claim to loveus (without any action), I

sweartoAllahtheyarenotourShiasunlesstheystarttobepiousandobeyGod.OurShiascannotberecognizedexceptbytheirhumbleness,theirfearofGod,beingtrustworthy,excessiveremembranceof Allah, fasts, prayers, being nice to parents, taking care of poor, pitiable, caring towards theorphansandneighbors,honesty,recitingQuranandspeakingjustforthegoodofpeople.They(Shia)areknownasthe(most)trustworthyindividualsforthecustodyofgoodsamongtheirpeople.”[2]Jabersays,“O,sonofmessengerofAllahwedonotknowanybodywiththischaracteristics!”Imamansweredme,“Donotgetitthewrongway.WhoeverclaimsthathelovesAlibutdoesnot

act for it (is the same as) someonewho says he loves theProphet but does not followhiswayoflivinganddoesnotactlikehim.TheloveofProphetdoesnothaveanybenefitforhim.SobepiousandfulfillyourdutiestoGodbecausethereisnobloodrelationbetweenGodandanybody.ThemostbelovedservanttoGodisthemostpiousoneandtheonewhostrivesinHiswaythemost.O,JabernoonecangetclosertoAllahjustbyobeyinghim,wedonotgivesafe-conductfromhelltoanybody,andnoonehastheexcuse.AnyonewhoobeysGodisourbelovedandourfriend,andwhoeversinsisourenemy,andourlove(Velayat)cannotbeearnedexceptbyactionsandvirtue.”ImamSajadinthesephrasesofDuasays,

دمحم لآ و دمحم ىلع لص مهللامهتیالو و مهتعاط تضرف و مهقوقح تبجوأ نیذلا رایخألا راربألا نیبیطلا

“MayAllah send your peace and blessings toMuhammad and his household for they are therighteousandchosen(byyou)intheworldandforyouobligatetheirright,obedienceandloveuponus.”

[1]74 : 2ص : ج يفاكلا[2]75 : 2ص : ج يفاكلا

9ChapterSEVENTHCHAPTER:PROSPERINGTHERUINEDHEART

Fromthisphrase, ImamSajjadstartshis requests fromAllah. Imamstartswith requestinghelp forprosperinghisheartbyobeyingGod.Renovationofanythingcausesprosperityandmakesitflourish.Forexamplewhenamarketisprosperous,itmeansthatithasmanybeneficialdeals.Amosquewillprosper when many people come for prayer and its neighbors have an active presence in theprograms.Flourishedgardenisagardenwithmanyvivacioustreesandthegardenhasmanyfruits.TheprosperityofaheartisthroughobeyingGodandtheheartwillflourishwhenwesubmittoAllah.Quran tellus that forsolaceofourheartwemustdirectourselves to remembranceofAllah.“Theones who believe and whose hearts feel tranquil through remembering God, Surely hearts feeltranquilwheneverGodismentioned!”[1].Ontheotherside,aheartwhenitisinclinedtostrongwill,will gain andwill have a strongmotive; but if it is notmoving towardsAllah’swill, it is ruined.CommanderofFaithfull,AliIbnAbutalibsays,

زوفلا نوکی ةعاطلاب“SalvationisinobedienceofAllah”.Healsosaid,

داسف لک حالصو دادس لک حاتفم هللاةعاط“ObeyingGodisthekeytoallthegoodandthewaytocorrectallthedepraved”andadvisedus,هللا ةعاط یلع کتناعا ام کسفن مرکا

“AppreciateyourselfbyobeyingGod,asmuchasyoucan”andinformedusthat,ةعاطلاب مهموقا هللاةمحرب سانلا ردجا

“ThosewhoobeyedGodthemost,deservemostofGod’smercy”[2]

[1] دعرلا ،28 ) بولقلا نئمطت هللا ركذب الأ هللا ركذب مهبولق نئمطت و اونمآ نیذلا )

5ص565[2] جةمکحلا نازیم

THECORRUPTIONSOFHEART

HeartintheIslamicthoughthasagreatposition.AccordingtosomeAhadithoftheProphet,itistheplace inwhichGodhas inspired theunderstandingofgoodandevil. Ifweonlywish togather theHadith about prospering and corruption of heart in a book, it would require several volumes.However,ifwecannotcatchallthegoodwemustnotlivewithoutitsbenefits.Wewillhaveaquicklookonsomeofthecorruptionsoftheheart.

SEALEDHEART

Quran sometime mentions of a heart being sealed because of which it cannot accept the truthanymore.

1] رابج ربكتم بلق لك ىلع هللا عبطی كلذك اونمآ نیذلا دنع و هللا دنع اتقم ربك مهاتأ ناطلس ریغب هللا تایآ يف نولداجی نیذل [ا“Thosewho argue aboutGod's signswithout any authority to do so havingbeenbrought them,

incurthegreatestdisgustsofarasGodisconcernedandsofarasthosewhobelieveareconcerned.Thus,Godsealsoffeveryoverbearingoppressor'sheart."”Orsometimeslike in theSurahofAl-Hajj,Quranidentifiesagroupofpeople tohaveablinded

heart: رودصلا يف يتلا بولقلا ىمعت نكل و راصبألا ىمعت ال اهنإف اهب نوعمسی ناذآ وأ اهب نولقعی بولق مهل نوكتف ضرألا يف اوریسی ملف أ2]]“Have they not travelled around theEarth so theymay acquire hearts to reasonwith or ears to

listenwith?Itisnottheireyesightwhichisblind,buttheirheartsintheirbreastswhichareblind.”Therebytheybecomeworsethanbeastsكئلوأ اهب نوعمسی ال ناذآ مهل و اهب نورصبی ال نیعأ مهل و اهب نوهقفی ال بولق مهل سنإلا و نجلا نم اریثك منهجل انأرذ دقل و

3 ] نولفاغلا مه كئلوأ لضأ مه لب ماعنألاك ]“WehavebredmanyspiritsandhumansforHell:theyhaveheartstheydonotunderstandwith,and

eyes theydonotseewith,andears theydonothearwith.Thosepersonsare like livestock; infact,theyareevenfurtheroffthetrack,theyaresoheedless!”

[1](35 رفاغ )[2](46، جحلا )[3](179 فارعالا )

RELENTLESSHEART

Another kind of corruption of heart is being stringent.Aheart that does not admit to any positiveeventsandsignswillnotbenefitfromGod’ssigns.1 ] نولمعی اوناك ام ناطیشلا مهل نیز و مهبولق تسق نكل و اوعرضت انسأب مهءاج ذإ ال ولف ]“Whythendid theynotact submissivewhenOurviolencecame to them,but instead theirhearts

werehardenedandSatanmadewhatevertheyweredoingseemattractivetothem”

[1](43 ماعنالا )

OBSESSIVEDOUBT

Doubtisadiseaseoftheheart.Theinactiveheartcannotmakeadecisioninthesensitive,profoundand historymakingmoment.We can findmany peoplewho because of this infection changed thedestinyofanation.InthewarofTabooksomeMuslimsdidassistinthebattlefield.Unfortunately,therestoftheforces

wereindoubt.TheycametoProphetandaskedforpermissiontogobacktoMedina.Qurandescribesthemas: هللااب نونمؤی ال نیذلا كنذأتسی امنإ ( 44) نیقتملاب میلع هللا و مهسفنأ و مهلومأب اودهجی نأ رخالا مویلا و هللااب نونمؤی نیذلا كنذتسی ال1](45 ) نوددرتی مهبیر يف مهف مهبولق تباترا و رخآلا مویلا [و“Thosewhobelieve inGodand theLastDaydonot askyou to excuse them fromstrivingwith

theirpropertyandpersons.GodisAwareastowhoareheedful.(44)OnlythosewhodonotbelieveinGodandtheLastDayaskyoutoexcusethem.Theirheartsareinsuchdoubtthattheyevenwaverintheirdoubt!45”Inanothersceneofhistory,AbuMosaAsharywasthegovernorofBasrehinthetimeofAliIbn

AbuTalib.When thewarofSeffeinoccurred, insteadofencouragingpeople tocomeandhelp therightfulCaliph,hewasindoubtanddidnotassistinthewar.Hisexcusewasthathedidnotknowiftheycouldfightagainst theMuslims? Orin thesameevent,RebieIbnKheithamtellsImamAli,“Ihave doubt about fighting with Muslims so send me to the border where I can fight against thepagans”

[1]45 هبوتلا ةروس

PLAYFULHEART

Anothercorruptionoftheheartisthediseaseofplayfulness.Thiskindofpersontakeseverythingasajokeandcannotdistinguishvitalmomentsforactingseriously.Theonlydifferentbetweenthemandkidsistheirage.Theyonlythinkaboutthemomentaryenjoyments.TheirpictureisintheSurahofAnbiyaas,

میحرلا نمحرلا هللا مسب1 ) نوضرعم ةلفغ يف مه و مهباسح سانلل برتقا )

أ مكلثم رشب الإ اذه له اوملظ نیذلا ىوجنلا اورسأ و مهبولق ةیهال 2 نوبعلی مه و هوعمتسا الإ ثدحم مهبر نم ركذ نم مهیتأی ام3406 ایبنا 3 ) نورصبت متنأ و رحسلا نوتأتف )

“InthenameofGod,theMercy-giving,theMerciful!(I)Menturnasidethroughindifferenceeven

thoughtheirreckoningapproaches.(1)NofreshreminderevercomestothemfromtheirLordexceptthey listen to it as theyplayaway, (2)theirheartsdistracted.Thosewhodowrongconsult togetherprivately;"Isn'tnotthis[man]justahumanbeinglikeyourselves?Willyousuccumbtomagicwhileyoucanseeithappening?"”.

HONORANDDISHONOR

Everyonelooksforhonorintheirlifeandavoidsdishonor,buttheyalllookforitindifferentthings.Some may look for honor in the wealth and some think that they can find it in political power.Nevertheless,QurandeniesallofthemandthreatensthosewhoaskhonorfromsuchapproachesinSurahofHumazah.[1]

میحرلا نمحرلا هللا مسب4 ) ةمطحلا يف نذبنیل الك ( 3 ) هدلخأ هلام نأ بسحی ( 2 ) هددع و الام عمج يذلا ( 1 ) ةزمل ةزمه لكل لیو )

9 ) ةددمم دمع يف ( 8 ) ةدصؤم مهیلع اهنإ ( 7 ) ةدئفألا ىلع علطت يتلا ( 6 ) ةدقوملا هللا ران ( 5 ) ةمطحلا ام كاردأ ام (و“InthenameofGod,theMercy-giving,theMerciful!Howawful[willitbe]foreverybackbiting

slanderer(1)Whohoardswealthandkeepsonaddingtoit!(2)Hereckonsthathismoneywillmakehimimmortal.(3)NeverthelesshewillbeflungintotheBonecrusher!(4)WhatwillmakeyourealizewhattheBonecrusheris?(5)[Itis]God'skindledfirewhichleapsup(6)Toclutchatone'svitals.(7)Itwillbevaultedoverthem(8)Inoutstretchedcolumns.(9)”Likewise, asanexampleQuran introducesus toQaroonandexpresseshis story in theSurahof

Qassas(stories):اوتوأ نیذلا لاق و ( 79 ) میظع ظح وذل هنإ نوراق يتوأ ام لثم انل تیل ای ایندلا ةایحلا نودیری نیذلا لاق هتنیز يف هموق ىلع جرخفةئف نم هل ناك امف ضرألا هرادب و هب انفسخف ( 80 ) نورباصلا الإ اهاقلی وال احلاص لمع و نمآ نمل ریخ هللا باوث مكلیو ملعلا

نم ءاشی نمل قزرلا طسبی هللا نأكیو نولوقی سمألاب هناكم اونمت نیذلا حبصأ و ( 81 ) نیرصتنملا نم ناك ام و هللا نود نم هنورصنی82 ) نورفاكلا حلفی ال هنأكیو انب فسخل انیلع هللا نم نأ ال ول ردقی و هدابع )

“Hewentforthtohisfolk[dressed]inhisfinery.Thosewhowantedworldlylifesaid:"IfweonlyhadthesameasQarunhasbeengiven!Hehasbeenextremelylucky!"(79)However thosewhohadbeengivenknowledgesaid:"Itwillbetoobadforyou!God'srecompenseisbetterforanyonewhobelievesandactshonorably.Yetonlythepatientwillencounterit."(80)ThenWelettheEarthswallowuphimandhishome.HedidnothaveanypartytosupporthimagainstGod;hewasnotsupported.(81)Thosewholongedtobeinhisplacethedaybefore,saidthenextmorning:"SinceitisGodWhoextendssustenancetoanyoneHewishesfromamongHisservantsandmeasuresitout,itwouldhaveswallowedusuptooifGodhadnotcaredforus.Itseemsthatdisbelieversdonotprosper.(82)”.[2]In thesephrasesofDuawith the intention that thehonor is in theobedienceofAllah,werequest

Allahtonotdishonoruswiththedisobedience.ImamAlialsosaid,هلذم نیدلا هدیوی ال زع لک

ج3443ص همکحلا نازیم“Anyhonorthatthereligiondoesnotapproveofisadishonor”[3]orinanothervaluableHadithit

issaid,4] ةزعلا هکلها هللا ریغب زتعا نم ]“WhoeveraskshonorwithsomethingbesidesAllah,thathonorwillperishhim”[5].InthesephrasesourbelovedImamsays,“MayAllahsendyourpeaceandpassagetoMuhammad

and his household and prosper my heart by your obedience and do not humiliate me bydisobedience”

[1]9-1 هزمه هروس[2]82-79 صصق هروسج3443ص[3] همکحلا نازیمص478[4] مکحلاررغج3443ص[5] همکحلا نازیم

Part1EIGHTHCHAPTER:SOCIALSYMPATHY

ANDCOOPERATION

GODANDGOD’SCREATURES

AfterrequestingsuccessforobeyingGod,thesecondrequestofImamSajjadfromAllahisasocialrequest.OnethingthatyoucanfindinmanyIslamicteachingsisthattheobedienceofAllahisusuallyfollowedbysocialservices.ForexampleintheHolyQuran,ninetimesweareorderedtoPrayerandaftersixofthemAllahmentionsZakatimmediately.

DONATION,ANINVESTMENTFROMALLAH(ORDONATION,ASAVINGACCOUNTPRESENTEDBYALLAH)

Animportantpointwhenwedonateanythingistorememberthatwhateverwedonate,itislikeagifttoAllahandhewillsustainuswithHisblessing.Ifwekeepthisinmind,wewillneverbeproudandwillnotregret.

SHARING

Tofindadeeperunderstandingofthesephrases,weneedtounderstandthatthesmalldonationswemakeout of pity, is not sharing.Sharing is not themoney thatwegive in exchangeof someone’sreputationwhentheyextendtheirhand.Sharingmeanstoshareallyourcapabilitiesinordertosolvetheproblemsofothers.

THEMEASUREFORRECOGNIZINGATRUESHIA

It is important to know that sharing and social cooperation, as per our Ahadith, is termed as ameasureforrecognizingShias.ImamSadeqsays,

ىلإ و اهیلع مهتظفاحم فیك ةالصلا تیقاوم دنع انتعیش اونحتما ع هللا دبع وبأ لاق لاق ةقدص نبا نع نوراه نع دانسإلا برقاهیف مهناوخإل مهتاساوم فیك مهلاومأ ىلإ و انودع دنع اهل مهظفح فیك انرارسأ“ExamineourShiawiththreethings:(First)atthetimeofprayerhowcarefultheyareabouttheir

prayer.(Second)howtheykeepoursecretsfromourenemy.(Third)howtheysharetheirgoodwiththeirbrothers.”[1]AlsoSheikhSadooghnarratesfromImamSadeq,

اهتیقاوم يف ةالصلا لاق امه ام و لیق بزعا مث بزعا مث بزعاف الإ و هیف اتناك نم ناتلصخ لاق ع هللا دبع يبأ نع هدنسب لاصخلاةاساوملا و اهیلع ةظفاحملا و

“Ifsomebodyhastwocharacteristics(takehimasfriend)otherwiseleavehimandleavehimandleave him”Someone asked, “What are they?”He answered, “Being careful about prayer time andsharinggoods.”[2]

ص38[1] دانسالا برقج1ص47[2] لاصخلا

REWARDOFSHARING

InourAhadith,sharinginmoneyanddonatingmoneyiscountedastheminimumrightofafaithfulon his brothers. The companion of Imam Sadeq, Mofazal says, “I asked Imam Sadeq about theminimumrightoffaithfuluponhisbrother.Imamreplied,“Hedoesnotpreferhisbrother ’sneedforhimself.””[1]Inacomprehensiveorder,thecommanderoffaithfulexplainsthemethodfordealingwithdifferent

groupofpeople.ةیفنحلا نب دمحم هنبال هتیصو يف ع نینمؤملا ریمأ لاق لاق ع هللا دبع يبأ نع هركذ نمع دامح نع هیبأ نع يلع نع يبأ لاصخلا

:و كرشب ةماعلل و كرضحم و كدفر كتفرعمل و كلام و كسفن كقیدصل لذبا و كسفن سانلا تانوئم ىلع ربص و ددوتلا كسفن مزلأكایند و كنیدل ملسأ هنإف دحأ لك نع كضرع و كنیدب ننضا و كفاصنإ و كلدع كودعل و كتبحم InatestamentthatnarratesbyImamSadeq,"ImamAliadviseshissonMuhammadIbnHanafiyeh.

Imamsays,“Forceyourselftobekindandpatientwithpeopleandmakethisasahabitforyourself.Foryourfriendgiveawayyourlifeandyourwealth;foryourrelativegiveyourhospitality;forthepublicgiveyourcordialityandyourkindness;andtoyourenemygiveyourjustice.Howeverkeepyourreligionandyourreputationforyourselfbecauseitisbetterforthisworldandthehereafter.”[2]Also Imam Sadeq said, “One of the Prophet’s advice to ImamAli was, “O, Ali, the best of all

actionsarethree:1)beingjusttopeople;2)sharingwithyourbrotherforthesakeofAllah;3)andtheremembranceofAllahatalltimes.”[3]

[1] نمؤملا قح ىندأ ام ع هللا دبع وبأ لئس لاق لضفملا نع نانس نب دمحم نع ىسیع نبا نع رافصلا نع دیلولا نبا نع لاصخلاج1ص8 لاصخلا هنم هیلإ جوحأ وه امب هیلع رثأتسی ال نأ لاق هیخأ ىلع

ج1ص147[2] لاصخلا[3] ای ایلع ص هللا لوسر هب ىصوأ امیف ناك لاق ع هللا دبع يبأ ىلإ هعفر سنوی نع رارم نبا نع هیبأ نع يلع نع يبأ لاصخلا

لاصخلا لاح لك ىلع ىلاعت هللا كركذ و لج و زع هللا يف خألا كتاساوم و كسفن نم سانلا كفاصنإ لاصخ ثالث لامعألا دیس يلعج1ص125

SHARINGWITHALLPEOPLE

Mostofusmayassumethatonlygoodpeopleareworthyofhelp,andhelpingothersinthewayoftheirworldlyneedsissomethinginvain.NonethelessImamRezanarratesfromtheProphetthat,

دحأ لك ىلإ ریخلا عانطصا و سانلا ىلإ ددوتلا نیدلا دعب لقعلا سأر ص هللا لوسر لاق لاق هدنسب مالسلا هیلع اضرلا رابخأ نویعرجاف و رب“Therootofwisdomafterbeingreligiousarebeingkindtopeopleandbeingnicetoallthepeople

whethertheyaregoodorbad”[1]

ج2ص35[1] / مالسلا هیلع اضرلا ابخا نویع

10ChapterNINTHCHAPTER:THEACTIVITIESFORMONTHOFSHABAN

In this chapter, the Imammentions two important activities of Prophet in themonth of Shaban;

fastingandengaginginworships.Aboutfastinginthismonth,therearemanyAhadiththatencouragethewakefulheart.Aboutthefast

intheShabanImamRezahassaid,نم لوقی ع اضرلا ىسوم نب يلع نسحلا ابأ تعمس لاق لاله نب سابعلا نع هدنسب لاصخلا و مالسلا هیلع اضرلا رابخأ نویعةرمز يف ةمایقلا موی رشح ةرم نیعبس نابعش نم موی لك يف هللا رفغتسا نم و ةنجلا لخد هللا باوث ءاغتبا ادحاو اموی نابعش نم ماصةثالث ماص نم و رانلا ىلع هدسج هللا مرح ةرمت قشب ول و ةقدصب نابعش يف قدصت نم و ةماركلا هللا نم هل تبجو صو هللا لوسرنیعباتتم نیرهش موص هل هللا بتك ناضمر رهش مایصب اهلصو و نابعش نم مایأ

“WhoeverfastsonedayofShaban,justforthesakeofGod’srewardhewillentertheheavenandwhoeverrepents toAllahseventy times,on theDayofJudgmenthewillberaisedwith theProphetandGod’sappreciationwillbeobligatoryonhim.Whoeverdonatesinthismonthevenbyhalfofadate,Godwillforbidhisbodytogotohell.WhoeverfaststhreedaysofShabanandconnectsthesedaystothemonthofRamadan,Godwillgivehimtherewardforthetwocompletemonths”[1].AlsoImamSadeq

لك يف هیلإ هللا رظن نیموی ماص نم و ةتب ةنجلا هل تبجو نابعش نم موی لوأ ماص نم لوقی ع هللا دبع ابأ نع هدنسب لامعألا باوثموی لك يف هتنج نم هشرع يف هللا راز مایأ ةثالث ماص نم و ةنجلا يف هیلإ هرظن ماد و ایندلا راد يف ةلیل و مویencouragesusbyahadiththatsays,“AnyonewhofaststhefirstdayofShaban,itisobligatedupon

himtogotoheavenandanyonewhofaststwodaysofShaban,GodwilllookathimeverydayandnightinthisworldandhewillcontinuouslybeundertheobservanceofGod’smercy.WhoeverfastthreedayshewillvisitGodintheheaveninAllah’sthrone”[2].Also in another Hadith Imam Sadeq is not just encouraging the narrator, but also told him to

reassurehisfriendsandfamilytofastinthemonthofShaban.تلقف نابعش موص ىلع كتیحان يف نم ثح ع هللا دبع وبأ يل لاق لاق لامجلا ناوفص نع امهدانسإب ، خیشلا سلاجم و ، لابقإلا

لوسر ينإ برثی لهأ ای ةنیدملا يف يدانی ایدانم رمأ نابعش لاله ىأر اذإ ناك ص هللا لوسر نإ معن لاقف ائیش اهیف ىرت كادف تلعجذنم نابعش موص ينتاف ام لوقی ناك ع نینمؤملا ریمأ نإ لاق مث يرهش ىلع ينناعأ نم هللا محرف يرهش نابعش نإ الأ مكیلإ هللا لوسر

نیعباتتم نیرهش موص لوقی ع ناك مث هللا ءاش نإ نابعش موص يتایح مایأ ينتوفت نلف نابعش يف يدانی ص هللا لوسر يدانم تعمسهللا نم ةبوتSafvanJammalnarrates that,“Imamtoldme toencouragewhoever isaroundyou.” Iasked,“Is

thereany(special)rewardforfastinginShaban”.Imamreplied,“Yes,whenevertheProphetsawthemoon(thatshowsthestarting)ofShabanheorderedsomebodytocallallthepeople,andhewouldsay:OthepeopleofYathreb,IamthemessengerofAllahtoyou.BeawareShabanismymonthandmayAllahblessthosewhohelpmeinthismonth”ThenImamSadeqsaid,“TheCommanderoftheFaithfulhassaid,“FromthemomentIheardthis,IhavenevermissedfastinginthemonthofShabanand I will not miss it InshAllah.” Then Imam Ali said, “Fasting two month continuously is therepentancetoAllah.”[3]WemustalsorequestGodforsuccessandalongwithImamSajjadwemustsay,

“ThisisthemonthofThyProphet,theMessenger-in-chief,themonthofSha'bansurroundedbyThymercyandblessingsfromallsides,InwhichtheMessengerofAllah(peaceandblessingsofAllahbeonhimandonhischildren)used toexerthimselfwillingly in thematterof fastingandpraying in its daysandnights, to showhishumility beforeThee for the respect andhonorThoubestowedonhim,untilhislastbreath.”

[1]71 ج94ص راونالا راحب[2]Sameaddress[3]Sameaddress

11ChapterTENTHCHAPTER:FOLLOWINGTHETRADITIONOFPROPHET

Atfirstlook,onemaythinkwhywemustfollowhiswayoflife.TherootofthisorderisintheHolyQuran.Inmanyverses,QuranorderedustofollowhimandIn

SurehofHashr,theQuransays,7 ) باقعلا دیدش هللا نإ هللا اوقتا و اوهتناف هنع مكاهن ام و هوذخف لوسرلا مكاتآ ام (و”[1]TheQuranalsotellsustomonitorhisactionsandmakeitasaplanforourlife.

2 ] اریثك هللا ركذ و رخآلا مویلا و هللا اوجری ناك نمل ةنسح ةوسأ هللا لوسر يف مكل ناك دقل ].Inaddition,wemustknowthatineveryaspectofourlifewehaveatraditionfromtheProphet.For

choosingthewayoftheir life,Muslimsdonotneedtobegtheir lifestylefromdifferentideologiesand academies. All the necessities of perfection have come in the lifestyle andHadith of Prophet.ThereisaHadithinthebookofBasaerAl-DarajatbySafarQomithatexplainsthispointverywell.

نم ء يش نع هلأسف ةیریغملا نم لجر هدنع عو هللا دبع يبأ دنع تنك لاق ةماسأ يبأ نع هدنسب تاجردلا رئاصب نع یسلجملالاقف جتحا امب انیلع جتحا ام كلذ ال ول و هلوسر نم و هللا نم ةنسلا هیف تجرخ دق و الإ مدآ دلو هیلإ جاتحی ء يش نم ام لاقف ننسلا

و هتنس لمكی مل ولف ةیآلا نم غرف ىتح يتمعن مكیلع تممتأ و مكنید مكل تلمكأ مویلا هلوق ع هللا دبع وبأ لاقف جتحا امب و يریغملاهب جتحا ام سانلا هیلإ جاتحی ام و هضئارفAbiUsamehhassaid,“IwasinthepresenceofImamJaffarSadeqandsomeonefromthetribeof

MoghayrehcameandaskedImamaboutthelifestyleoftheProphet.TheImamansweredhim,“ThereisnothingthathumankindneedsunlesstheProphethassometraditionaboutit.IfitwasnotlikethattheproofsforourImamatwouldbeincomplete.”Themanaskedhim,“Whatproofs?”Imamreplied,” تلمکا مویلا ”soifwhatpeopleneeddoesnotexistinhistraditionthisversewillbedisproven”[3].

[1]7 رشح[2]21 بازحاج2ص168[3] راحب

THEMEASUREFOREVALUATINGACTION

Inthescaleofjustice,onecriterionforprizingactionisthecorrespondenceofactiontotheProphet’stradition,notthequantity.ImamSadeqnarratesfromhisfathersfromtheCommanderoffaithful,“Iheard fromProphet that he said, “Followmy tradition because acting a little uponmy tradition ismuchbetterthanactinguponyourowninnovation.”[1]

[1] ةنس يف لیلق لمعف ةنسب مكیلع لوقی ص هللا لوسر تعمس لاق ع نینمؤملا ریمأ نع هئابآ نع هللا دبع يبأ نع هدنسب یسلجملا2612 راونألاراحب ةعدب يف ریثك لمع نم ریخ

IMAMMAHDI’SPLAN

AccordingtoAhadith,whenImamMahdiwillreappear,hewilldeclaretheglobalruleforthewholeuniverse tobe the traditionof theprophet.ThegreatcompanionofImamSadeq,Mofazal IbnAmrnarratesfromoursixthimam,

ربنملا دعص جورخلا يف مئاقلل لج و زع هللا نذأ اذإ لوقی ع دمحم نب رفعج هللا دبع ابأ تعمس لاق يفعجلا رمع نب لضفملا ىورلیئربج ىلاعت هللا ثعبیف هلمعب مهیف لمعی صو هللا لوسر ةنسب مهیف ریسی نأ و هقح ىلإ مهاعد و هللا مهدشان و هسفن ىلإ سانلا اعدفحسمیف كدی طسبا كعیابی نم لوأ انأ ع لیئربج لوقیف ع مئاقلا هربخیف وعدت ء يش يأ ىلإ هل لوقی و میطحلا ىلع لزنیف هیتأی ىتح عةنیدملا ىلإ اهنم ریسی مث فالآ ةرشع هباحصأ متی ىتح ةكمب میقی و هنوعیابیف الجر رشع ةعضب و ةئامثالث هافاو دق و هدی ىلع

“Whenever God permits ourMahdi to rise he will climb the pulpit and invite people to payhomage. Imam will make them swear and will invite them to his right. He will deal with peopleaccordingto thetraditionofProphetandhewillact likeProphet.ThenGabrielwillcomedowntohim in theplaceofHatimandwillask,“Whatdoyou invitepeople to?” Imamwill repeatwhatheinitially said,and thenGabrielwill say,“Iam the firstonewhomakes thehomagewithyou,openyourhand”.AtthattimeGabrielwilltakeImam’shand,threehundredthirteenpeoplewillmakethehomage,andImamwillstayinMakahuntilhegatherstenthousandcompanionsandwillthenproceedtoMedina”.OAllah help us tomodel our conduct on his "way of life" and obtain the intercession he is

entitledtoputforward.

12ChapterELEVENTHCHAPTER:SEEKINGCOMFORTANDINTERCESSION

Therearesomeveryimportantandfundamentalquestions,whichwewillbrieflyaddresshere.

WHATISINTERCESSION?

Intercessioninasimplewordishelpofastrongtoaweakinthewayofperfection,sotheweakcanclimb the steps to perfection fast and successfully. However, we usually use this word for theintercessionforsinners.Wemustknowthatintercessionincludesalltheelementsofdevelopment.Asan example: soil, water, air and light are all the four ingredients that help a seed to turn into acompleteprolifictreeorabeautifulflower.Thesefourarethegeneticguidesandtheintercessorsofseedforperfection.Ifweunderstandtheintercessioninthisway,wewouldnotseetheIntercessorsastherestrictionsforGod’spower.Theyare theappliancesforGodtoapplyhispower in thisworldandallofthemgettheirefficiencyfromAllah.Withthispointofview,allofthemwillbethesignofGod’spowerandtheyworkonlyforperformingGod’swill.Unfortunately,someofusthinkabouttheintercessionasanimmoralsocialphenomenonlike****.

Awkwardlyitcausessomepeopletothinkthatwecansinasmuchaswewantandasmuchaswecan,andthenwecanholdontotheintercessionofourImam.Aswehavepointedout, intercessionforhumansis liketheseedanditsgeneticIntercessors.Ifa

seeddoesnothavethepotentialforgrowing,theIntercessorofnaturecannothelpit.Thesoftbedofsoil, lifegivingsunlight,breezeofspringandtherefreshingdropsofrainhavethesameeffectonthatseedandpieceofpebble.IntercessionofImamsoranyrighteouswillnotaffectthosewhodidnotpreparethebasisofdevelopmentintheirsoul.AlsoourwiseImamswillnotwastetheirintercessionforthem.IntercessionneedsadequacybetweentheIntercessorandtheonewhowantstogettheintercession.

Those who want to receive the intercession must make a connection of compatibility with theirIntercessors.ThisconnectionisatoolforpreparingtheonewhowillreceivetheintercessiontobemorelikehisIntercessor.Inthisway,intercessionmakesusmoreresponsibleandgivesushopetogetbetter,andit isnotamethodofescapingourdutyandresponsibilities.ThisalsomakesitclearthattheintercessiondoesnotstandagainstGod’swillwhenhewantstopunishthesinner.Intheotherhand,itgivesopportunitytobemorelikethosewhoGodlovesandpreparesthemtobeforgivenbyAllah’smercy.

WHATISTHEROOTFORBELIEVEININTERCESSION?

Intercession is aQuranic subject and no one can deny it. The rejection expressed by some newlyinventedpoliticalgroupsuchasWahabismisnotstrongorworthyenough,andtherootofthisdenialisduetotheirignorancetowardsQuran.SomeoftheQuranicversesclearlytalkaboutintercessionon theDay of Judgment, such as, “…no onewill be able to intercede for the others except thosewhomtheBeneficentGodhasgivenauthority.[1]”“Onthatdaynoone'sintercessionwillbeofanybenefitunlesshehasreceivedpermissionfrom

theBeneficentGodandwhosewordisacceptabletoHim.[2]”“No intercession with Him will be of any benefit except that of those whom He has granted

permission. The angels cannot intercede. They are always submissive to their Lord. Fear vanishesfromtheirheartwhen(theyreceiveamessagefromtheirLord).Theyaskeachother,"WhatdidyourLordsay?"Othersanswer,"HespoketheTruth.HeistheMostHighandtheGreatest."[3]”.AllamehMajlisi in regards tohisdiscussionabout theproofsof intercessionand theopinionof

otherIslamicsectsforintercessionsays,“WhateverwehavesaidprovesthatalloftheUmmahaccepttheconceptofintercession.Thoughtherearesomedifferencesinopinionaboutitscondition.InShiaideology, the effect of intercession is removing the harms and the punishment of sins from thefaithful.HowevertheMotazeleh[4]saythattheintercessionisjustforincreasingtherewardsofgoodactionforthesubmissiveandrepentantbutitdoesnotbenefitsinners.[5]

[1]87 میرم ادهع نمحرلا دنع ذختا نم الإ ةعافشلا نوكلمی ال[2]109 هط الوق هل يضر و نمحرلا هل نذأ نم الإ ةعافشلا عفنت ال ذئموی[3] ریبكلا يلعلا وه و قحلا اولاق مكبر لاق اذ ام اولاق مهبولق نع عزف اذإ ىتح هل نذأ نمل الإ هدنع ةعافشلا عفنت وال23 ) ءابسلا )

[4] هلزتعمج8ص30[5] راحب

WHATARETHEPROOFSFORINTERCESSIONOFPROPHETMUHAMMAD?

Aftertheaboveargument,aquestionmayariseinourmindthatwhetherProphetMuhammadhastherightforintercession.Andifso,thenwhatistheproofforit?WehavetosaythattheperfectexampleofthosenamedintheHolyQuranastheintercessorsisour

belovedProphet.Inaddition,therearemanyAhadithnarratedbyShiaandSunnisourcesthattellusaboutthesuperiorityofhisintercession.Inthisshortrecord,wecannotmentionmanyofthembutwewilltrytonamesomethatshowtheimportantqualityofhisintercession.IntheseAhadith,evenotherprophetsseektheintercessionofProphetMuhammad.AliIbnIbrahimQumiinhisgreatandpreciousinterpretationnarratesfromSamaaeh.Hesays,“I

asked from ImamSadeq about intercessionofProphet. Imamanswered, “On theDayof Judgmentpeoplewillbedrowningintheirsweat(theywillsweatalotbecauseofhardships)sotheywillsaytoeachothertogoandaskAdamtointercedeforthem.TheywillcometoAdamandsayintercedeforus.ProphetAdamwillsay,“Ihaveguilt.GotoProphetNoah.”ThenpeoplewillgotoNoahbuthewillsendthemtonextprophetandthatwillrepeatuntiltheywillcometoJesusandProphetJesuswillsendthemtoProphetMuhammad.ProphetMuhammadwilltellthem,“Comewithme”thenProphetwilltakethemtothedoorofHeaven,thedoorofmercy.ThentheProphetwillprostrateandhewillremaininthatpostureforaslongasGod’swill.ThenGodwillsay,“Liftyourheadandintercede.Wewillacceptyourintercessionandaskmetogiveyou”thenImamsaid,“Thisistherealstorybehindthe verse, “pray your special (tahajjud) prayer during some part of the night as an additional(obligatory)prayerforyoualonesothatperhapsyourLordwillraiseyoutoahighlypraiseworthyposition.[1]”.Another interesting point is that even the Ahlul Beyt are included in the Prophetintercession.Inrelationtotheinterpretationof theverse“YourLordwillsoongrantyousufficientfavors to please you” IbnAbbas is reported to have said, “the interpretation is that soonGodwillacceptyourintercessionaboutallofyourAhlulBeyt.Sotheyallentertheheavenandyoubecomeglad[2]”.[3]ThereisalsoaninterestingHadithabouttheplaceofintercession.هاتبأ ای ص هللا لوسرل ع ةمطاف تلاق لاق ع بلاط يبأ نب يلع نع يراصنألا هللا دبع نب رباج نع ع هیبأ نع دمحم نب رفعج نع

ىلإ يتمأل عیفشلا انأ و دمحلا ءاول يعم و ةنجلا باب دنع ةمطاف ای لاق ربكألا عزفلا موی و لاوهألا موی و مظعألا فقوملا موی كاقلأ نیأو طارصلا ىلع ينیقلا لاق كانه كقلأ مل نإ هاتبأ ای تلاق يتمأ يقسأ انأ و ضوحلا ىلع ينیقلا لاق كانه كقلأ مل نإف هاتبأ ای تلاق يبر

ينیقلا لاق كانه كقلأ مل نإف تلاق يتمأ ملس بر لوقأ نازیملا دنع انأ و ينیقلا لاق كانه كقلأ مل نإف تلاق يتمأ ملس بر لوقأ مئاق انأهینب و اهلعب و اهیبأ ىلع و اهیلع هللا ىلص كلذب ةمطاف ترشبتساف يتمأ نع اهبهل و اهررش عنمأ منهج ریفش ىلعImamSadeq narrates a hadith from ImamBaqer from Jaber IbnAbdullah from ImamAli. The

Commanderoffaithfulhassaid,“FatimaAl-ZahraaskedtheProphet:“Onthedayofjudgment,inthatgreatplace, in thathorrifyingdaywherecan Imeetyou?”Prophet said, “O,Fatimaat thedoorofheavenwhenIholdtheflagofpraiseandIintercedeformyUmmah.”Fatimasaid,“IfIdonotfindyou?”Prophetsaid,“OnthebridgeofSeratwhileIsay,“O,GodkeepmyUmmahsafe.”Fatimasaid,“IfIdonotseeyouthere?”Prophetanswered,“BythescaleofjusticewhileIsay,“O,GodkeepmyUmmahsafe.”Fatimasaid,“IfIdonotseeyouthere?”Prophetreplied,“AttheedgeofhellwhenIkeepawaythefireofhellfrommyUmmah.”ThenFatimabecamehappy.MayAllahsendHispeaceandblessingsonFatimaandherfatherandherhusbandandherchildren”.[4]AlsoinAhadithwefindthatProphetMuhammadwillusetheintercessiontosavehisUmahfrom

hellfire.ةمایقلا موی يتمأل يتعافشل يتوعد تأبخأ دق و الؤس لأس دق و اهب اعد دق ةوعد يبن لكل ص هللا لوسر لاق لاق كلام نب سنأ نع

AnasIbnMaliknarratesfromProphet,“EveryprophethasademandandrequestfromAllah(thatitwillnotberejected).AllofthemaskedtheirrequestfromAllahandIsavedthatrequesttointercede

formyUmmahontheDayofJudgment.”[5]

[1]79 ءارسالا[2]5 یحضلا[3] ةمایقلا موی سانلا مجلی لاق ةمایقلا موی يبنلا ةعافش نع هتلأس لاق ع هللا دبع يبأ نع ةعامس نع ةعرز نع بوبحم نبا نع

حونب مكیلعف ةئیطخ و ابنذ يل نإ لوقیف كبر دنع انل عفشا نولوقیف مدآ نوتأیف [ هبر دنع ] انل عفشی مدآ ىلإ انب اوقلطنا نولوقیف قرعلاو هیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر دمحمب مكیلع لوقیف ىسیع ىلإ نوهتنی ىتح هیلی نم ىلإ يبن لك مهدری و هیلی نم ىلإ مهدریف احون نوتأیفرخی و نمحرلا باب لبقتسی و ةنجلا باب ىلإ مهب قلطنیف اوقلطنا لوقیف هنولأسی و هیلع مهسفنأ نوضرعیف ءایبنألا عیمج ىلع و هلآاماقم كبر كثعبی نأ ىسع هلوق كلذ و طعت لس و عفشت عفشا و كسأر عفرا لج و زع هللا لوقیف هللا ءاش ام ثكمیف ادجاس

36 : 8ص : ج راونألاراحب ادومحمج8ص35[4] راحب

8ص34[5] راحب

INTERCESSIONISJUSTFORTHEBENEFITOFGOODPEOPLEOREVENSINNERSWILLBEINTERCEDED?

Itisanimportantquestionforsomeofus,becausewewanttoknowwhetherwewillmissthechancetobeintercededornot?AccordingtoAhadith,intercessionwillincludethesinnersandsomeofthosewhohavecommittedthegreatsinswillbeintercededtoo.

هللا هدروأ الف يضوحب نمؤی مل نم ص هللا لوسر لاق لاق ع نینمؤملا ریمأ نع هئابآ نع هیبأ نع اضرلا نع هدنسب یسلجملانم مهیلع امف نونسحملا امأف يتمأ نم رئابكلا لهأل يتعافش امنإ ع لاق مث يتعافش هللا هلانأ الف يتعافشب نمؤی مل نم و يضوحلیبس AllamehMajlesi in thegreatbookofBaharAl-AnwarnarratesfromImamRezathathenarrates

fromhishonorableancestorsthatProphetMuhammadsaid,“Thosewhodonotbelieveinmypool(of Kothar) they will not enter it and those who do not believe in my intercession, God will notinclude theminmyintercession”.Thenhesaid,“Myintercession is for thosewhohavecommittedgreatsinsfrommyUmmahhoweverthereisnoblameonthem”.[1]ImamSajjadinhislastphraseofthisDuasays,“O,Allahmakehimformesuchinterceptorthat

youaccepthisinterceptionandmakemywaytoyoustraightandsmoothandmakemethefollowerofthehonorablemanuntilthedayofjudgment,whenImeetyou,youarehappyfrommeandforgivemysinsmeanwhileyouobligateyourmercyandgraceuponmeandinhabitmeeternallybetweentherighteous.”

ج8ص34[1] راحب

www.islamicmobility.com"WisdomisthelostpropertyoftheBeliever,lethimclaimitwhereverhefindsit"-ImamAli(as)