Species Conservation Strategy for
Mantella aurantiaca (The golden mantella frog)
2017-2021
Partners:
This document is the update of the Species Conservation Strategy of Mantella
aurantiaca (2011-2015) and elaborate by : Rakotondrasoa E.F., Andriantsimanarilafy
R. R., Andriafidison D., Razafimanahaka H.J., Razafindraibe P., Rabesihanaka S.,
Robsomanitrandrasana E., Randrianizahana H., Rakotondratsimba G.,
Ranjanaharisoa F., Rabemanajara F., Randrianantoandro C.J., Ndriamiary J. N.,
Rakotoarisoa J. Cl., Randrianarisoa A. L. 2017. Species Conservation strategy of
Mantella aurantiaca (grenouille dorée) 2017-2021.
- Rakotondrasoa Eddie Fanantenana, Andriantsimanarilafy Raphali Rodlis, Andriafidison
Daudet, Razafindraibe Pierre, Razafimanahaka Hanta Julie.
Madagasikara Voakajy, B.P. 5181, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.
- Robsomanitrandrasana Eric, Rabesihanaka Sahondra.
Direction Générale des Forêts/Direction de la Valorisation des Ressources Forestières,
Organe de Gestion CITES Madagascar. BP 243 Nanisana
[email protected]; [email protected]
- Randrianizahana Hiarinirina.
Direction Générale des Forêts / Direction du Système des Aires Protégées.
[email protected] ; [email protected]
- Rakotondratsimba Gilbert, Ranjanaharisoa Fiadanantsoa.
Département Environnement Mine Moramanga Ambatovy Minerals S.A.(AMSA)
[email protected] ; [email protected]
- Rabemanajara Falitiana,
IUCN/SSC/ASG Madagascar
- Randrianantoandro Christian Joseph
Mention Zoologie et Biodiversité Animal. BP 906, Ankatso. Université Antananarivo.
- Ndriamiary Jean Noel, Rakotoarisoa Justin Claude
Association Mitsinjo, Andasibe.
[email protected]; [email protected]
- Randrianarisoa Aimée Lucienne
Asity Madagascar, CR. Andasibe Torotorofotsy, Antanambaovao Lot 195 bis Moramanga,
Cover photo: Mantella aurantiaca female in the Ambananin'i Ranomena forest,
Mangabe-Ranomena-Sahasarotra protected area, Ambohibary commune,
Moramanga district (by Eddie F. Rakotondrasoa, 2015).
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 1
A. STATUS REVIEW............................................................................................ 2
1. Species description ...................................................................................... 2
1.1 Classification.............................................................................................. 2
1.2 Photographs of the species ...................................................................... 2
1.3 Status of the species ................................................................................. 2
1.4 Discovery ................................................................................................... 3
1.5 Description ................................................................................................. 3
1.5.1 Morphology.......................................................................................... 3
1.5.2 Genetics .............................................................................................. 3
1.5.3 Habitat ................................................................................................. 4
1.5.4 Value of Species and Function ............................................................ 4
2. Conservation Management .......................................................................... 4
2.1 Current distribution ................................................................................... 5
2.2 Identifying populations .............................................................................. 7
3. Threats Analysis ........................................................................................... 8
3.1 Tavy ou culture sur brulis ........................................................................... 8
3.2 Rice field .................................................................................................... 8
3.3 Fire and Charcoal ...................................................................................... 9
3.4 Gold mining ............................................................................................... 9
3.5 Industrial mine ......................................................................................... 10
3.6 Use of the biological resource.................................................................. 10
3.7 Climate change ........................................................................................ 10
B. DECLARATION OF VISION .......................................................................... 11
C. GOALS .......................................................................................................... 11
D. GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITES ......................................................... 11
E. List of participants during the final evaluation workshop of the conservation
strategy of Mantella aurantiaca (2011-2015) in Moramanga. ................................ 26
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca iii
FOREWORD
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
La Direction Générale de l’Environnement et des Forêts (DGEF) et ses équipes
tiennent à remercier vivement les différentes parties prenantes qui ont apporté leur
contribution dans le processus d’élaboration de cette mise à jour de la stratégie de
conservation de l’amphibien Mantella aurantiaca pour les cinq années à venir.
Mantella aurantiaca est une espèce endémique régionale et En Danger Critique d’
Extinction selon la classification de l’UICN.
Nous remercions l’association Madagasikara Voakajy et ses équipes pour leurs
initiative et dévouement dans le processus d’élaboration de cette nouvelle stratégie
de conservation.
Nous tenons aussi à présenter notre gratitude aux autorités Régionale et celles du
district de Moramanga, en particulier le Chef District de Moramanga ; les Maires des
communes rurales Ambohibary, Mangarivotra, Andasibe et Morarano ; la Direction
Régionale de l’Environnement de l’Ecologie et des Forêts (DREEF) Alaotra
Mangoro ; le Chef de la Circonscription de l’Environnement de l’Ecologie et des
Forêt (CIREEF) Moramanga ; le Chef Cantonnement ; les Chefs Fokontany Antsily,
Ampahatra, pour leur participation active dans l’élaboration et la mise en œuvre local
de cette stratégie.
Nos vifs remerciements aux différentes institutions œuvrant dans la conservation et
dans le domaine communautaire qui ont participés activement à cette stratégie de
conservation à savoir, l’Amphibian Specialist Group (UICN/SSC), Amphibian Project
Lead (APL), Le Département Environnement Mine Ambatovy Minerals S.A.,
Association Mitsinjo, ONG ASITY Madagasikara, Madagascar National Parks , Plate-
forme pour la gestion du Corridor Ankeniheny Zahamena (PLACAZ), Office
Régionale du Tourisme Alaotra Mangoro (ORTALMA), l’associations des
exportateurs et aux collecteurs locaux ; VOI (Vondron’Olona Ifotony), Hafasahona
Mangabe, VOI Faniry Ambodirotra, VOI Soamanantsara Manakana-Est, VOI
Fanazava Andranomandry, VOI Soamiafara Ampahatra, VOI Fitahiana PK 33, VOI
Ezaka Tantsaha Avolo, VOI Miavotena Lakambato, VOI Tsaradia pk 27 et
Association Fivoarana pk 21.
Nous adressons notre reconnaissance à Chester Zoo pour leur contribution
financière remarquable le long du processus d’élaboration et surtout à la mise en
œuvre de cette stratégie.
Enfin, nous tenons également à témoigner notre gratitude à toutes les personnes
physiques et morales non citées, et qui ont contribué de près ou de loin à la
réalisation de cette stratégie. Nous espérons que votre contribution soit effective
dans les cinq prochaines années.
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca v
ACRONYMES
ACNP : Avis de Commerce Non Préjudiciable
ACSAM : A Conservation Strategic of the Amphibian in Madagascar
CDB : Convention sur la Diversité Biologique
CEEF : Cantonnement l’Environnement, l’Ecologie et des Forêts
CFAM : Corridor Forestier Analamay-Mantadia
CIREEF : Circonscription Régional de l’Environnement, l’Ecologie et des Forêts
CITES : “Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species”
CTD: Collectivités Territoriales Décentralisées
DREEF : Direction Régional de l’Environnement, l’Ecologie et des Forêts
DVRF : Direction de Valorisation des Ressources Forestières
DSAP : Direction du Système des Aires Protégées
EDGE : Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered species
MV : Madagasikara Voakajy
AP : Aire Protégée
PAG : Plan de l’Aménagement et de Gestion
STD: Services Techniques Déconcentrés
TGRN : Transfert de Gestion des Ressources Naturelles
UICN : Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature
VOI : Vondron’Olona Ifotony
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca vi
ABSTRACT
The first conservation strategy for Mantella aurantiaca was published in 2010 and
implemented between 2011 and 2015. The final evaluation was carried out in
October 2016 to measure the achievements against the set objectives. This
assessment will allow the update of the conservation strategy to be released for the
next five years (2017-2021). The new strategy contains updates on the status of the
species, including conservation management and threat analysis. This strategy also
contains new guidelines for conservation. Mantella aurantiaca is an Amphibian
species classified as Critically Endangered by the IUCN Red List, but it is also a
species important for international trade as the export of this magnificent species is
still open according to the convention of CITES (Appendix II), with an annual quota of
280 individuals (2015 quota). Apart from their presence in the Analamay-Ambatovy
mining site, Mantella aurantiaca is a conservation target for the two protected areas
(Mangabe-Ranomena-Sahasarotra and Torotorofotsy) in the Moramanga district. The
Mitsinjo captive breeding center also harbours populations from the Analamay-
Ambatovy mine site. Approximately 239 ponds are identified today which are
distributed in the South (Mangabe) and the North (Analamay-Ambatovy and
Torotorofotsy). The major threat to this species is the destruction of its natural habitat
of anthropogenic origin, namely rice fields, fire, “Tavy”, artisanal and industrial
mining. This strategy has a vision with five goals and nine main objectives. In each
objective there are actions to be carried out with specific indicators of achievement.
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 1
INTRODUCTION
The establishment of a species conservation strategy is a framework for monitoring
the effective management of biodiversity. The Golden Mantella is a very threatened
species of amphibian endemic to Madagascar. The development of the first
conservation strategy for a five-year period was carried out in 2009, was published in
2010 and implemented between 2010 and 2015. This enabled usto identify a list of
priority activities in line with the situation of the species at the time. Participating in
this strategy demonstrates its effectiveness in mobilizing the various partners to
undertake relevant and effective actions. A mid-term evaluation was carried out in
2013 in order to measure the results and impacts of the actions undertaken, and to
identify further efforts required. The strategy itself ended in 2015, and a final
assessment is required to determine the impacts of the strategy on the conservation
of the species, and also to identify any problems which were encountered. Mantella
aurantiaca is an endemic amphibian species of Madagascar known only in the
Moramanga district, Alaotra-Mangoro Region, in the Central East part of the Island. It
is classified as Critically Endangered (CR) in the Red List of Threatened Species
since 2012 (IUCN, 2012). Since 1995, the species is listed in CITES ANNEX II and
its export in international trade is based on an annual quota system sanctioned by
this Convention. In 2010, the export of Mantella aurantiaca was suspended by CITES
due to insufficient data to justify its quota. CITES calls on Madagascan authorities to
produce a document called non-detriment findings which must contain all available
information on: biology, ecology, management mode and collection sites of Mantella
aurantiaca before accept its export quota. The existence of this first conservation
strategy is one of the key factors within the document that was handed over to CITES
in 2013. Subsequently, the suspension was lifted with the reopening of its export, and
the quota was 250 Individuals for the year 2014 and then 280 individuals from 2015.
Since 2008 the Madagasikara Voakajy team has carried out several research and
conservation activities on this highly endangered species in collaboration with the
various stakeholders in the conservation of biodiversity in Madagascar, in order to
ensure the sustainable management of this species. As the validity period of the first
strategy has expired, we conducted the final evaluation always adopting the same
methods and participants during its development to measure achievement against
objectives. This assessment will make it possible to update the status of the species
and to develop new actions necessary for its conservation.
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 2
A. STATUS REVIEW
1. Species description
1.1 Classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Mantellidae
SubFamily: Mantellinae
Genre: Mantella
Species: aurantiaca
Vernacular name: Golden Mantella (English), Mantelle Doré (French), Sahona mena
(Malagasy).
1.2 Photographs of the species
Mantella aurantiaca ((A), (B) d’Eddie R., (C) de Pierre R.)
1.3 Status of the species
The status of the species in the IUCN Red List, its CITES category, its classification
at the EDGE level and its status in the national legislation have not changed since
the implementation of the strategy in 2010.
UICN: Critical Endangered, B2ab (iii, v)
CITES: Annexe II with quota
EDGE: 141 among les 4 339 threatened.
Nationale Legislation: Catégory I, Class I, according to national legislation:
Decree No 2006-400 in 13 June 2006 to classify wildlife species.
A A B C
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 3
1.4 Discovery
The information collected on the reproduction of the species in the wild is limited
except for its use of the ponds between October and April. Both sexes aggregate at
the ponds before the fall of the rain, usually from the beginning of November.
Females are observed at the ponds only between November and February
(Randrianavelona et al., 2010). They then climb gradually into the adjacent forest as
soon as the ponds are flooded. The males also perform this same dynamism, but
their number in the vicinity of the pond decreases from April.
In captivity, in the case of Mitsinjo center, the eggs are deposited on the leaf litter or
in pots provided outside the water. The duration of egg incubation is about 10 days,
transformation into free swimming tadpole varies from 3 to 5 days. The tadpole life
cycle lasts between 70 - 90 days at an average temperature of 24 ° C. The breeding
period recorded in the terrarium extends from July to August, to resume in October. A
pregnant female can lay 45 to 90 eggs in each pond. The diet of Mantella aurantiaca
in captivity is of higher quantity and quality when compared to what the species
experiences in the wild. The use of locusts, Drosophila and Collembola with added
vitamins is favorable to reproduction.
1.5 Description
1.5.1 Morphology
Mantella aurantiaca is an attractive little frog with a bright colouring varying between
bright orange, yellow and red (Vences et al., 1999). The body length is usually
between 17-29 mm, but sometimes large females reach 31 mm (Glaw and Vences.
2007). The species does not really show any sexual dimorphism, but males are
known by the existence of the femoral glands and its small size compared to the
female. The colour of the juvenile is brown.
1.5.2 Genetics
Molecular studies of Mantella aurantiaca previously demonstrated that they are
distinct from Mantella milotympanum and Mantella crocea with some putative hybrids
with Mantella crocea for the population of Southern Mantella aurantiaca in
Andranomandry and Andranomena area (Chiari et al., 2004, Rabemananjara et al.,
2008). These studies also show that there are two subpopulations including the
northern group (Analamay-Torotorofotsy) and the southern group (Andranomandry-
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 4
Andranomena- Besariaka) with hybrids with the pond of Menalamba. These two
groups are separated by the national road N ° 2 (RN2). Adaptations in captivity
reduce the physical condition of frogs and are one of many reasons for the low
success rate of reintroductions. According to a recent study (Passos et al., 2017) on
the response of females to the call of the male, there is a difference between female
behavior in captivity and in the wild. The response is shorter for individuals in the
wild. This difference could be detrimental to the reproduction of Mantella after
reintroduction of individuals caught in the wild. Another publication (Passos et al.,
2017) dictates that it is necessary to test and compare a significant behavioral
response in captive and wild individuals of the same species. "Thanatosis" is an anti-
predator strategy that reduces the risk of death by predation, which is a common
behavioral response in frogs.
1.5.3 Habitat
It is strictly a terrestrial species of primary and secondary tropical forest, and is
usually found in wet and swampy areas. Within their habitat aquatic plants and
emergent plants present a quality of refuges ideal for adult Mantella aurantiaca as
well as tadpoles. In the Ambatovy zone, these plants are often composed of
Osmunda regalis, Medinil aff parvifolia Baker, Pandanus, Stellatus Marteli,
Sphaerostephanos unitus, Dianella ensifolia, Ethulia conyzoides and Cyperus
prolifer, Bazzania decrescens, Pyrrhobryum spiniform and Rhodobryum oil. Other
species may be added to the list but they always provide a microclimate (Humidity,
Temperature, UV and Lux) favorable to the terrestrial amphibian.
1.5.4 Value of Species and Function
M. aurantiaca is a predator of litter and mite fauna, Amphipods, Collembola,
Formicidae (non-winged), Diptera, Thysanoptera and Isopoda.
2. Conservation Management
At the end of the research and conservation activities carried out since 2010, new
sites have been identified and new management and management plans have been
put in place; Among them, the final creation of the AP Mangabe-Ranomena-
Sahasarotra under Decree No. 725 of July 23, 2015 and the AP Torotorofotsy under
Decree No. 808 of May 05, 2015, the program of rescue by release in the zone
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 5
Conservation of Analamay-Ambatovy as well as the captive breeding of Mantella
aurantiaca in Andasibe in the Mitsinjo Center.
2.1 Current distribution
Two hundred and thirty-nine (239) ponds of Mantella aurantiaca are currently
identified, including one hundred and thirty-three (133) at Mangabe, ninety-two (92)
at Ambatovy, seven (7) at Torotorofotsy and seven (7) in the Analamay-Mantadia
Forest Corridor (CFAM).
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 6
Map: Localisation and distribution of the Mantella aurantiaca ponds in the
Moramanga district
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 7
2.2 Identifying populations
Mantella aurantiaca is currently composed of two separated populations that are
found in four sites:
- One is south of the town of Moramanga and closely associated with the Ranomena
and Sahamarirana Rivers.
- The other is located in the north of Moramanga such as Ambatovy, Torotorofotsy
and the Analamay-Mantadia Forest Corridor and is associated with the Sakalava,
Mahatakatra, Marinjo, Antsampandrano and Menalamba rivers.
Mangabe: (133 ponds: 82 in the strict conservation zone, 29 in the buffer zone, and
22 in the peripheral zone).
The Mangabe forest, with its surface area of 27,346 ha, is the only forest that crosses
the boundary between Moramanga and Anosibe An'Ala. The northern part of this
massif is included in the commune of Mangarivotra and that of Ambohibary, while its
southern part is limited by the administrative boundary of the district of Moramanga
and Anosibe An'Ala. Two ponds are to the west of Mangoro (Fatakana, commune
Vodiriana).
Ambatovy: (92 ponds: 53 in the strict conservation zone, 17 in the mining footprint
zone, 10 in the lease zone, 17 in the Analamay-Mantadia Forest Corridor “CFAM”
and two in Torotorofotsy).
The ponds in Ambatovy are divided between three communes Ambohibary,
Morarano and Andasibe.
Torotorofotsy: seven ponds.
The site of Torotorofotsy, the Ramsar site since 02 February 2005, is a new
protected area of which Asity Madagascar is the delegated manager. Stretching over
an area of 9776 ha, the Torotorofotsy marsh is located in the Fokontany of
Menalamba, Rural Commune of Andasibe, District of Moramanga, Province of
Toamasina, Madagascar. Torotorofotsy contains seven ponds of Mantella
aurantiaca, including the famous site of Menalamba.
Analamay-Mantadia Forest Corridor “CFAM” (seven ponds)
CFAM covers an area of 140.26 km² of which 68.23 km² is constituted by a
conservation pond. This Forest Corridor links the ponds of the Analamay-Ambatovy
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 8
Conservation pond, the Northwest, North and Northeast parts of the Torotorofotsy
Ramsar Site and the Mantadia National Park. The management effort of this forest
area is supported by Ambatovy Mining Company in partnership with local
stakeholders. With the exception of the Mantella aurantiaca pond in
Antsampandrano, the six other ponds are now being inventoried after 2010. The
translocation pond for rescue of individuals from two MP7 and MP8 sites in the
Ambatovy mining footprint are part of this population, 2,839 individuals of Mantella
aurantiaca were saved there.
3. Threats Analysis
The emigration of the human population in search of fields for cultivation has become
a remarkable threat in recent years. Some have settled permanently and converted
the ponds into rice fields (Torotorofotsy pond). In the case of Mangabe, after periods
of sensitization and repression, the amount of emigration decreases, AP Mangabe
obtained the decree of creation definitive is this supposed to mean obtained
protection?. A Dina is sanctioned by the court of Moramanga, Madagasikara Voakajy
obtained the management delegation in 2017.
3.1 Tavy ou culture sur brulis
No-resident farmers practiced “tavy” by converting ponds into rice fields or cultivated
fields (the case of the Mangabe AP). In most cases, they are not officially registered
as inhabitants in the area administration, and do not respect the established
management plan.
Figure: Tavy in Avolo (by Eddie R., 2015)
3.2 Rice field
The transformation of the nesting marshes of Mantella aurantiaca into rice fields
reduces their breeding site. The clearing of the rainforest over the watershed
upstream of their nesting site destroys their hibernation and refuge.
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 9
3.3 Fire and Charcoal
The fire seriously alters the structure of the vegetation of the humid forest in the
forests occupied by Mantella aurantiaca. The burning of litter and dead wood reduces
the quality of habitat.
Figure: Fire in Ranomena (A, B) and Charcoal in pk 21(C, D) (by Eddie R., 2015)
3.4 Gold mining
Since 2010, the sites of Mantella aurantiaca are threatened by artisanal and illegal
gold mining. These activities lead to the degradation of the aquatic habitat of
Mantella aurantiaca due to the displacement of the river bed, backfilling and
increased turbidity of the water. This phenomenon concerns populations of the
species in Mangabe, Torotorofotsy, CFAM and CAZ. In Mangabe, Mantella
aurantiaca ponds have also been affected by this threat. Periodic patrol missions by
Patrollers, forestry and policy improved the situation. Since 2012, restorations of
these sites are carried out annually. In 2016, a study on the impact of gold mining
was carried out. The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of gold
mining on the quality and quantity of water and also on the life history of the local
population (recruitment, health and relationship).
Figure: Photo gold mining in Andasindrainidonaka- Mangabe (by Eddie R., 2015)
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 10
3.5 Industrial mine
Some Mantella aurantiaca ponds in Analamay-Ambatovy will disappear due to
clearing activities carried out by the Ambatovy project for the extraction of nickel and
cobalt minerals. Rescue measures have been implemented since September 2011,
according to the Mantella management plan of the mining company, and a Rescue
Procedure Manual has been developed with the scientific teams. This activity is
carried out in collaboration with the specialized agencies, and the mitigation measure
continues until all species threatened with extinction in the mine footprint are
transferred to the receptor sites located in the conservation area.
3.6 Use of the biological resource
Mangabe and Torotorofotsy have been the traditional collection sites of Mantella
aurantiaca, according to surveys of villagers, to satisfy international trade. The
impacts of this collection on natural populations are not exactly known but considered
minimal (Andreone et al., 2005). It is evident that the exploitation could have negative
impacts on the survival of Mantella aurantiaca when combined with the destruction of
the habitat. Since 2012, a project to set up a collection pond for Mantella aurantiaca
has been established. By 2015, Mantella aurantiaca has a quota of 280 individuals.
The defined sites are all in the buffer zone of the Mangabe-Ranomena-Sahasarotra
Protected Area.
3.7 Climate change
The impact of climate change on biodiversity focuses on at least seven strategic
factors, such as changes in population structure, changes in range, changes in
biological rhythms, invasive species proliferation and changes in the structure of
surrounding environment. For the case of Mantella aurantiaca, a preliminary
modelling analysis of its distribution using the projection of the climate for 2050
indicates a decrease in the zone with high probability of sheltering the species, but
also a displacement of the viable zone probable for the species to occur in the East.
The effect of climate change can be more severe by adding the rate of degradation of
the surrounding environment because Mantella aurantiaca depends on a specific
habitat.
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 11
B. DECLARATION OF VISION
Our vision of Mantella aurantiaca is that the population and its habitats be conserved,
restored and equitably managed in a legal sustainable and manner through the
services and participation of all stakeholders.
C. GOALS
Goal 1: All habitats of Mantella aurantiaca are effectively conserved within protected
areas.
Goal 2: The populations of Mantella aurantiaca which are doomed to destruction are
saved and replaced; the destroyed habitats are restored to maintain genetic diversity,
viable population size and ecological function.
Goal 3: The sites of Mantella aurantiaca are protected from diseases and invasive
species.
Goal 4: The rational and legal exploitation of Mantella aurantiaca and its habitat will
be managed equitably.
Goal 5: Have effective collaboration and effective and efficient sharing among all
stakeholders to ensure sound management.
D. GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITES
Goal 1: All habitats of Mantella aurantiaca are effectively conserved in
protected areas.
Objective 1. Involve local populations in all procedures and implementation of
the management plan for each site and / or conservation area, within the next
five years
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 12
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of
the
VO
I in
CF
AM
o
n
co
nse
rvation
de
Ma
nte
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
1
.1.2
.
Form
aliz
atio
n
of
all
VO
Is
thro
ugh
ritua
lizatio
n
1.1
.3.
Upda
te
the
m
an
age
me
nt
pla
n
of
Man
tella
aura
ntia
ca
b
y
Am
ba
tovy (
esta
blis
he
d in
201
4)
1.1
.4.
Ela
bo
ration
an
d
Imple
me
nta
tio
n o
f th
e P
AG
of
the
Toro
toro
fots
y p
rote
cte
d a
rea
s
1.1
.5.
M
on
ito
rin
g and
e
va
lua
tio
n
of
the
7 V
OIs
of th
e M
an
ga
be
PA
1.1
.6.
Im
ple
men
tatio
n
of
the
“Din
a”
for
Toro
toro
fots
y a
nd C
FA
M
1.1
.7.
Imple
me
nta
tion
et
Cap
acity
bu
ildin
g
fo
r th
e
“Din
a”
Ap
plic
ation
Co
mm
itte
es
1.1
.8.
Aw
are
ne
ss o
f an
d f
ollo
w-u
p
of
the
app
lica
tion
of
the
Din
a in t
he
Pro
tecte
d A
rea
s
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
1.1
.
Sta
nd
ard
ise
a
ll
ma
na
ge
me
nt
tools
(Pro
tecte
d
Are
as,
VO
Is
an
d
the
ir
tra
nsfe
r o
f
ma
na
ge
me
nt, “
Din
a”)
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 13
Tim
e F
ram
e
Ye
ars
1
an
d
2
An
nua
l
Ye
ars
1
an
d
2
Ye
ars
1
an
d
2
An
nua
l
Ob
jec
tive
2:
Str
en
gth
en
ca
pacit
y o
f th
e l
oc
al
po
pu
lati
on
's f
or
the
co
nse
rva
tio
n m
an
ag
em
en
t in
th
e p
rote
cte
d a
rea
(P
A)
an
d
the
In
co
me
Ge
nera
tin
g A
cti
vit
ies M
an
ag
em
en
t S
ys
tem
(A
GR
)
T
ime
Fra
me
Ye
ars
1
an
d
2
Ye
ars
1
,3
an
d 5
Ye
ar
1
Res
po
nsib
le
Asity,
ST
D,
CIR
EE
F,
Asity,
MV
ME
EF
, A
sity,
MV
,
MV
MV
, A
sity,
Am
ba
tovy
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
, A
sity,
VO
Is
MV
,Asity,
CIR
EE
F,C
EE
F
ST
D
co
nce
rne
d
Ind
ica
tor
Fie
ld
rep
ort
a
nd
p
ho
tos
of
the
pla
tes
Ow
ne
rs o
f a
rea
s id
entifie
d
Ma
ng
ab
e a
nd
Toro
toro
fots
y
are
pu
blic
ly
recog
niz
ed
o
n
the
lo
ca
l m
ed
ia
(Mo
ram
an
ga
)
Ind
ica
tor
Pa
trolle
rs a
re a
ctive
by t
he
en
d o
f Y
ea
r 2
VO
Is
train
ing
m
od
ule
up
da
ted e
ve
ry 2
yea
rs
Gu
ide
s a
nd
ma
nua
ls p
ut
in
pla
ce
an
d p
racticab
le
AC
TIV
ITE
S
1.2
.1.
Delim
ita
tion
and
ma
teria
liza
tio
n
of
the
d
iffe
ren
t zo
nin
gs
of
Toro
toro
fots
y P
A
1.2
.2.
Plo
t in
ve
nto
ry f
or
reg
istr
ation
of
PA
s (
Ma
nga
be a
nd
Toro
toro
fots
y)
1.2
.3.
M
ed
ia
cove
rag
e
of
the
Ma
ng
ab
e a
nd
Toro
toro
fots
y P
rote
cte
d
Are
as
1.2
.4.
Con
tin
ue
ma
teria
liza
tio
n o
f th
e
bu
ffe
r zone
s o
f M
an
gab
e
PA
1.2
.5.
Ma
inta
in a
nd r
en
ew
pa
ints
and
roa
d s
ign
s in t
he
ir P
rote
cte
d A
rea
s a
nd
Am
ba
tovy z
one
AC
TIV
ITE
S
2.1
.1.
Imple
me
nta
tion
of
Pa
trolle
rs f
or
all
Pro
tecte
d A
rea
s
2.1
.2.
Con
tin
ue
cap
acity
bu
ildin
g
of
VO
Is
and
lo
ca
l a
uth
oritie
s
o
n
the
ma
na
ge
me
nt o
f th
e P
A
2.1
.3.
Deve
lop
men
t o
f g
uid
es
an
d
pra
ctical m
anu
als
as t
rain
ing
mate
ria
ls
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
1.2
.
Se
t u
p
the
ma
na
ge
me
nt
too
ls
for
ea
ch
a
rea
to
b
e
co
nse
rved
an
d
ma
teria
lize
th
em
ph
ysic
ally
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
2.1
. O
rgan
ize
va
rio
us
tech
nic
al
train
ing
rela
ted
to
Pro
tecte
d
Are
as m
ana
ge
me
nt
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 14
Tim
e F
ram
e
Ye
ars
1
,3
an
d 5
Ye
ars
1
,3
an
d 5
Ye
ars
2
a
nd
4
Ye
ars
1
,3
an
d 5
Go
al
2:
Th
e p
op
ula
tio
ns o
f M
an
tell
a a
ura
nti
ac
a w
ho
are
do
om
ed
to
des
tru
cti
on
are
sav
ed
an
d r
ep
lace
d;
this
des
tro
yed
hab
itats
are
res
tore
d m
ain
tain
ge
neti
c d
ive
rsit
y, v
iab
le p
op
ula
tio
n s
ize
an
d e
co
log
ica
l fu
ncti
o
Ob
jec
tive
3:
Th
e p
op
ula
tio
n o
f M
an
tell
a a
ura
nti
ac
a i
s r
esc
ued
an
d c
on
se
rve
d in
th
eir
na
tura
l e
nv
iro
nm
en
t
T
ime
Fra
me
Ye
ar
1 a
nd
2
An
nua
l
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
,Asity
MV
, A
sity,
ST
D
co
nce
rne
d
MV
, A
sity
MV
, A
sity
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
, A
sity,
AS
G,D
GF
MV
, A
sity,
AS
G,
Se
arc
he
r
Ind
ica
tor
- G
uid
es a
nd
ma
nu
als
pu
t
in p
lace a
nd
pra
ctica
ble
- N
um
be
r o
f A
GR
s
ide
ntified
fo
r e
ach
PA
Go
od
co
llab
ora
tio
n w
ith
ST
D
to
train
lo
ca
l
co
mm
un
itie
s
Pro
ject
Mon
ito
rin
g
an
d
Eva
lua
tio
n R
ep
ort
Have
th
e
fin
an
cin
g
to
bu
y th
ese m
ate
ria
ls
Ind
ica
tor
Docu
me
nt o
f th
e m
ap
Fie
ld r
ep
ort
AC
TIV
ITE
S
2.2
.1.
Ide
ntify
a
nd
co
llect
AG
Rs
acco
rdin
g t
o c
om
mu
nity n
eed
s
2.2
.2.C
ontin
ue
tr
ain
ing
o
f lo
ca
l
co
mm
un
itie
s
on
im
pro
ve
d
farm
ing
an
d liv
esto
ck p
ractices (
see
Sta
nd
ard
PS
SE
)
2.2
.3.
Mo
nito
rin
g
an
d
eva
lua
tion
o
f
co
mp
lete
d p
roje
cts
2.2
.4.
Pro
vid
e t
rain
ing a
nd m
ate
ria
ls
use
ful ca
rry o
ut o
f e
ach
pro
ject
AC
TIV
ITE
S
3.1
.1.
Esta
blis
hm
en
t o
f a
resea
rch
pla
n b
ased
on
the
bib
liog
raph
y
3.1
.2.
Rese
arc
h
an
d
mo
nito
rin
g
of
Ma
nte
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
to s
tren
gth
en
fo
r
the
wo
rkin
g g
rou
p
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
2.2
. C
on
sid
er
the
fe
asib
ility
of
AG
Rs
an
d
cre
ate
th
em
acco
rdin
g
to
the
re
alit
y
on
the
fie
ld
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
3.1
. H
ave
a r
esea
rch p
lan
to
stu
dy
the
b
iolo
gy
an
d
eco
log
y
of
Man
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 15
Tim
e F
ram
e
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
An
nua
l
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
,Asity
MV
, A
sity,
Am
ba
tovy
MV
, S
ea
rch
er
MV
, A
SG
,
Asso
cia
tion
Mitsin
jo,
Rese
arc
he
rs
MV
, A
SG
,
Se
arc
he
r
Am
ba
tovy,
MV
Am
ba
tovy,
MV
MV
Am
ba
tovy
Ind
ica
tor
Fie
ld r
ep
ort
an
d
upda
te
of
the
sp
ecie
s
dis
trib
utio
n m
ap
Fie
ld
rep
ort
a
nd
G
PS
co
ord
inate
Rese
arc
h r
ep
ort
an
d /
or
scie
ntific p
ub
lica
tion
Rese
arc
h r
ep
ort
an
d /
or
scie
ntific p
ub
lica
tion
Rese
arc
h r
ep
ort
an
d /
or
scie
ntific p
ub
lica
tion
Fie
ld
rep
ort
, N
um
be
r o
f
Ma
nte
lla
sa
ve
d
in
Am
ba
tovy
Docu
me
nt
sta
nda
rd an
d
up
da
ted f
or
all
se
arc
he
s
on
Mante
lla
All
tran
sfe
rre
d in
div
idua
ls
are
m
ark
ed
b
efo
re
rele
ase
Up
-to
-da
te
mo
nito
rin
g
da
tab
ase
AC
TIV
ITE
S
3.1
.3.
Se
arc
h
for
new
d
istr
ibu
tio
n
are
as o
f M
ante
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
3.1
.4.
Rese
arc
h o
f p
on
ds t
ha
t m
ay
exis
t in
ea
ch
PA
an
d in
Am
ba
tovy
3.1
.5.
Dete
rmin
ation
o
f a
bun
dan
ce
an
d e
stim
ation
of
popu
lation s
ize o
f
Ma
nte
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
in
ea
ch
site
3.1
.6.
Cond
uct
stu
die
s
on
th
e
bio
log
y,
ge
netics
an
d
hab
ita
t
ch
ara
cte
ristic o
f M
ante
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
3.1
.7.
Stu
die
s
of
the
im
pa
ct
of
clim
ate
ch
ang
e
on
M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
3.2
.1.
Rescu
e
of
all
exis
ting
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
in
A
mb
ato
vy
min
ing
foo
tprin
t
3.2
.2.
Use
of
the
pa
ram
ete
rs
resu
ltin
g fr
om
th
e h
ab
ita
t stu
dy
of
Ma
nte
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
for
ide
ntifica
tio
n
rece
ivin
g p
ond
s
3.2
.3.
Ma
rkin
g
of
all
Ma
nte
lla
tran
sfe
rre
d u
sin
g V
IE
3.2
.4.
Bi-m
on
thly
m
on
ito
rin
g
of
all
po
nd
s
in
the
co
nserv
ation
a
rea,
cle
arin
g a
rea
an
d r
ece
ivin
g p
on
ds a
t
Am
ba
tovy
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
3.1
. H
ave
a
rese
arc
h
pla
n t
o s
tud
y t
he
bio
log
y
an
d e
co
log
y o
f M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
3.2
. T
ran
sfe
r th
e
Ma
nte
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
into
the
cle
arin
g z
on
e t
o t
he
Am
ba
tovy C
on
se
rvatio
n
Are
a
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 16
Tim
e F
ram
e
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1
Ye
ar
2 t
o 4
Ye
ar
2 t
o 5
Ye
ar
1 a
nd
3
Ye
ar
1 a
nd
3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 5
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
, A
mb
ato
vy
MV
, A
mb
ato
vy
Am
ba
tovy,
AS
G,
DG
F,
Asso
cia
tion
,
Mitsin
jo
AS
G,
Asso
cia
tion
Mitsin
jo,
Am
ba
tovy
AS
G,
DG
F,
Pa
rtena
ire
s
AS
G,
MV
, A
sity,
Rese
arc
he
rs, D
GF
AS
G,
MV
, A
sity,
Rese
arc
he
rs, D
GF
VO
Is,
MV
,Asity
Ind
ica
tor
Num
be
r n
ew
re
ce
ivin
g
po
nd
id
en
tifie
d
All
the re
ce
ivin
g po
nd
s
fou
nd
a
re
in
goo
d
co
nd
itio
n
to
rece
ive
Ma
nte
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
Fie
ld
stu
dy
an
d
refe
ren
ce
do
cu
men
t fo
r
rein
trod
uctio
n
Num
be
r o
f M
an
tella
rele
ase
d
an
d
follo
w-u
p
rep
ort
o
f in
div
idu
als
rele
ase
d
Refe
ren
ce
do
cu
men
t
with
stu
dy
co
st
an
d
Ad
va
nta
ge
Upd
ate
d
sta
tute
o
f
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
b
y
the
en
d o
f Y
ea
r 3
Upd
ate
d
sta
tute
o
f
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
b
y
the
en
d o
f Y
ea
r 3
Con
du
ctin
g p
art
icip
atio
n
of
eco
log
ical
mo
nito
rin
g
da
ta
AC
TIV
ITE
S
3.2
.5 S
ea
rch p
ote
ntia
l site
s f
or
po
nd
recep
tor
3.2
.6.
En
rich
me
nt
and
ma
inte
na
nce
in
the
re
ce
ivin
g
po
nd
of A
bo
rig
ina
l p
lants
3.3
.1.
Fea
sib
ility
stu
dy
for
rein
trod
uctio
n
3.3
.2.
Rep
lan
ting
o
f M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
fr
om
th
e
"Tob
in-
tsa
hon
a"
to
the
na
tura
l
en
viro
nm
ents
3.3
.3.
Con
du
ct
a
test
for
ca
ptive
bre
ed
ing
at
a p
ilot
site
for
futu
re
expo
rt
an
d
su
sta
ina
ble
fu
nd
ing
3.4
.1.
Cap
ita
liza
tion
o
f
req
uire
d info
rma
tion
3.4
.2.
Cla
ssific
ation
in n
ation
al
leg
isla
tio
n
3.5
.1.
Bim
on
thly
fo
llow
-up
o
f
the
p
atr
olle
rs
of
the
M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
po
nd
s
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
3.2
. T
ran
sfe
r th
e M
ante
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
in
to
the
cle
arin
g
zo
ne
to
the
Am
ba
tovy
Con
se
rvation
Are
a
3.3
. R
ein
trodu
ctio
n
of
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
in
to
the
su
sta
ina
ble
hab
ita
t
3.4
. U
pd
ate
th
e s
tatu
s o
f
the
sp
ecie
s
in
IUC
N,
AR
KIV
E,
ED
GE
, N
ation
al
leg
isla
tio
n
3.5
. Im
pliq
ue
r le
s
po
pu
lation
s
loca
les
su
r
les su
ivi
et
ré
su
lta
ts d
e
rech
erc
he
s
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 17
Tim
e F
ram
e
An
nua
l
Ob
jec
tive
4:
Res
tore
all
po
nd
s a
ffe
cte
d b
y t
hre
ats
to
kee
p t
he s
tate
via
ble
fo
r M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
Tim
e F
ram
e
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
1
Ye
ar
1 a
nd
2
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
4 t
o 5
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
, A
mb
ato
vy,
Asity,
CO
BA
s
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
, V
OIs
MV
, A
sity,
CE
EF
MV
, A
sity
MV
, V
OIs
MV
Ind
ica
tor
An
nua
l re
stitu
tion
me
etin
g
with
local
co
mm
un
itie
s
Ind
ica
tor
Num
be
r o
f p
onds
aff
ecte
d b
y g
old
min
ing
ea
ch
ye
ar
Refe
ren
ce
D
ocu
ment
of
the
Re
sto
ration
Pla
n
A
pilo
t n
urs
ery
insta
lled
and
cou
ld be
vis
ite
d b
y a
ll V
OIs
Fie
ld
rep
ort
w
ith
ph
oto
s
Num
be
r o
f p
onds
se
lecte
d
an
d
nu
mb
er
of
Ma
nte
lla t
ran
sfe
red
AC
TIV
ITE
S
3.5
.2.
Retu
rn
Co
mm
un
ity-leve
l
rese
arc
h
fin
din
gs
to
imp
rove
co
nse
rvatio
n
ma
na
ge
me
nt
at
Ma
nte
lla
AC
TIV
ITE
S
4.1
.1.
Re
-join
ing
ill
eg
al
go
ld
min
ing
site
s
4.1
.2.
Ela
bo
ration
of
a sta
nd
ard
pla
n o
f re
sto
ratio
n f
or
all
site
s
4.1
.3.
Insta
llation
of
nu
rserie
s f
or
ind
ige
no
us
an
d
cha
racte
ristic
pla
nts
o
f th
e p
ond
s o
f M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
4.2
.1.
Rem
ova
l o
f in
vasiv
e p
lan
ts
an
d p
lan
tin
g o
f na
tive
pla
nts
4.2
.2.
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
rep
opu
lation
in
resto
red
pon
ds
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
3.5
. Im
pliq
ue
r le
s p
opu
lation
s
loca
les
su
r le
s
su
ivi
et
résu
lta
ts d
e r
ech
erc
hes
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
4.1
. R
esto
re d
istu
rbed p
on
ds
to in
itia
l sta
te
4.2
. M
ain
tain
th
e
resto
red
po
nd
s
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 18
Go
al
3:
Th
e s
ites
of
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
are
pro
tec
ted
fro
m d
ise
ase
s a
nd
in
vas
ive
sp
ec
ies
.
Ob
jec
tive
5:
Th
e s
pre
ad
of
Ch
ytr
id is
lim
ited
an
d s
afe
ty m
ea
su
res
are
pu
t in
pla
ce
Tim
e F
ram
e
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
1 a
nd
2
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
3 a
nd
4
Ye
ar
2
Res
po
nsib
le
AC
SA
M,
DB
A,
MV
, A
mb
ato
vy,
Asity,
Se
arc
he
r
on
am
ph
ibia
ns
AC
SA
M,
DB
A,
MV
, A
mb
ato
vy,
Asity
AC
SA
M,
DB
A,
MV
, A
mb
ato
vy,
Asity
AC
SA
M
AC
SA
M
Ind
ica
tor
An
nua
l m
on
ito
ring
rep
ort
Data
she
et
cre
ate
d
an
d d
issem
ina
ted
to
all
org
an
ization
s
imp
lem
en
tin
g
a
mo
nito
rin
g
pla
n
by
the
en
d o
f ye
ar
2
An
nua
l re
po
rts
on
ch
ytr
id s
tud
ies
Rep
ort
s
on
su
sce
ptib
ility
te
sting
by y
ea
r 4
Em
erg
en
cy
resp
on
se
str
ate
gy in
pla
ce
with
in C
EC
of
the
g
ove
rnm
ent
by
the
en
d o
f ye
ar
2
AC
TIV
ITE
S
5.1
.1.
Ma
inte
nan
ce
of
the
na
tion
al
mo
nito
ring
pla
n
for
ch
ytr
id f
un
gou
s
5.1
.2.
Have
th
e s
tan
dard
ize
d p
re-
prin
ted
d
ata
she
et
for
ch
ytr
id
sa
mp
ling
an
d m
on
ito
rin
g.
5.1
.3.
Carr
yin
g o
ut
ch
ytr
id s
tud
ies
on
site.
5.1
.4.
Usin
g t
he
ide
ntifie
d c
hytr
id
line
a
nd
th
e viru
len
t str
ain
m
ost
su
sce
ptib
le
to
inva
sio
n
to
initia
lize
su
scep
tib
ility
te
sts
on t
he
sp
ecie
s
5.1
.5.
Red
uce
th
e risk o
f d
isea
se
tran
sm
issio
n
in
de
ve
lop
me
nt
and
imp
lem
en
tation
o
f an
em
erg
en
cy
resp
on
se
str
ate
gy in
th
e e
ve
nt
of
ma
ss e
xtin
ction
or
sig
ns o
f a
rap
id
de
clin
e in p
op
ula
tio
n.
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
5.1
. E
ffe
ct
of
ch
ytr
id
co
ntr
ol a
ctivitie
s
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 19
Tim
e F
ram
e
Ye
ar
2
Ye
ar
1,3
and
5
An
nua
l
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
2 a
nd
4
Res
po
nsib
le
AC
SA
M,
MV
,
Am
ba
tovy
AC
SA
M,
MV
,
Am
ba
tovy
All
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
All
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
All
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
Ind
ica
tor
All
rese
arc
h
an
d
exp
lora
tion
pe
rmits i
ssue
d i
nclu
de h
yg
ien
e
pro
toco
ls b
y th
e e
nd o
f Y
ea
r 2
Pro
toco
l a
nd
ma
teria
l
dis
sem
ina
ted
b
y
the
end
of
Ye
ar
2
Pro
toco
l u
pd
ate
d
every
tw
o
ye
ars
-Exis
ting
d
ata
in
teg
rate
d
into
on
line m
ap
s d
urin
g Y
ea
r 2
-
Ma
de
an
nu
al up
date
s
An
nua
l u
pda
tes c
om
mu
nic
ate
d
to
oth
er
pro
tecte
d
are
a
ma
na
ge
rs,
eg
. T
he
D
CS
BA
P
(re
co
rd M
ee
ting
s)
Am
ph
ibia
n E
xp
ort
ers
me
mb
ers
of
CE
C b
y Y
ea
r 2
Ag
ree
men
ts s
ign
ed
in p
lace
by
Ye
ar
4
AC
TIV
ITE
S
5.1
.6.
Dis
se
min
atio
n o
f b
iose
cu
rity
an
d
hyg
iene
p
roto
co
ls
on
ch
ytr
id
an
d
oth
er
dis
ea
se
s
to
all
rese
arc
he
rs a
nd
oth
er
ke
y g
rou
ps,
tou
rists
an
d e
xp
ort
ers
who
work
or
are
vis
itin
g.
5.1
.7.
Upd
atin
g
Bio
se
cu
rity
Pro
toco
ls fo
r D
ise
ase
s
5.2
.1.
Inte
gra
tio
n o
f fo
llow
-up
da
ta
with
n
ation
al
ch
ytr
id
da
ta
an
d
on
line
map
s
5.2
.2.
An
nu
al
ch
ytr
ide
u
pd
ate
s
to
all
pro
tecte
d a
rea
ma
na
ge
rs
5.2
.3.
Colla
bo
ration
with
am
ph
ibia
n
exp
ort
ers
to
p
art
icip
ate
in
d
isea
se
co
ntr
ol eff
ort
s in
Madag
asca
r
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
5.1
. E
ffe
ct
of
ch
ytr
id
co
ntr
ol a
ctivitie
s
5.2
. P
utt
ing
a
ll
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
on
th
e
sa
me
le
ve
l o
f
info
rma
tio
n
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 20
Go
al
4:
Th
e r
ati
on
al an
d le
gal e
xp
loit
ati
on
of
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
an
d its
ha
bit
at
will b
e m
an
ag
ed
eq
uit
ab
ly.
Ob
jec
tive
6:
Imp
rov
e t
he
ma
nag
em
en
t s
ys
tem
, s
usta
ina
ble
an
d r
ati
on
al
use
of
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
an
d i
ts h
ab
itat
for
bett
er
ben
efi
t a
mo
ng
all
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs.
Tim
e F
ram
e
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
1 t
o 2
Ye
ar
1 t
o 2
Ye
ar
1 t
o 5
Ye
ar
1 t
o 5
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
1 t
o 5
Res
po
nsib
le
All
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
MV
, V
OIs
, O
G,
Op
era
tor
All
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
OG
OG
, O
pe
rato
r
MV
, A
SG
MV
Ind
ica
tor
Rep
ort
fo
r th
e
pro
po
sitio
ns o
f qu
ota
Colle
ction
p
roced
ure
sig
ne
d
by
the
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
FP
a
nd
P
V
of
the
info
rma
tio
n m
ee
ting
Ma
nd
ate
o
f co
llection
in M
ala
ga
sy
Num
be
r o
f m
an
date
of
co
llectio
n s
ign
ed
by a
ll
the
en
titie
s c
on
ce
rned
Mo
nito
r re
po
rt
Lis
t o
f m
ate
ria
ls g
iven
AC
TIV
ITE
S
6.1
.1.
Revis
ion
of
the
qu
ota
as w
ell
as
co
llectio
n s
ite
s
6.1
.2.
Esta
blis
hm
ent
of
a
co
llectio
n
pro
ce
du
re
6.1
.3.
Info
rm a
ll p
art
ies co
nce
rne
d of
the
e
xis
ten
ce
o
f th
e
co
llection
pro
ce
du
re
6.1
.4.
Ma
kin
g
a
tran
sla
tion
into
Ma
lag
asy o
f th
e c
olle
ction
mand
ate
6.1
.5.
Follo
w
the
app
lica
tio
n
of
the
co
llectio
n p
roced
ure
s
6.1
.6.
Mo
nito
r th
e im
pact
of
co
llectio
n
6.1
.7.
Capa
city b
uild
ing
an
d e
qu
ipm
ent
do
na
tio
ns f
or
the
co
ntr
ol syste
m (
GP
S,
ca
me
ra,
ho
ldin
g,
ba
dge
, ..
.)
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
6.1
. E
sta
blis
h
a
co
llectio
n
syste
m
kn
ow
n
an
d
va
lida
ted
by
all
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 21
T
ime
Fra
me
Ye
ar
1 t
o 5
Ye
ar
1 t
o 2
Ye
ar
1 t
o 5
Ye
ar
1 t
o 5
Ob
jec
tive
7:
Pro
mo
te e
co
tou
ris
m f
or
eq
uit
ab
le b
en
efi
t.
T
ime
Fra
me
Ye
ar
1 t
o 2
Ye
ar
1
Ye
ar
1 t
o 5
Res
po
nsib
le
OG
, O
pe
rato
r,
AS
G, A
sity,
MV
MV
, O
G,
Op
era
tor
OG
, M
V,
Op
era
tor,
CT
D
OG
, O
pe
rato
r
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
, A
sity,
Min
Tou
rism
MV
, A
sity,
VO
Is
MV
, A
sity,
Min
Tou
rism
Ind
ica
tor
Lis
t o
f p
roje
cts
ide
ntified
Ind
ica
tor
Have
a
do
cu
me
nt
co
nfo
rmin
g
to
the
no
rm
of
eco
tou
rism
in
Ma
da
ga
sca
r
Are
as
are
w
ell
de
fine
d
in
the
zo
nin
g
of
ea
ch
Pro
tecte
d A
rea
Fix
ed
a
mo
unts
fo
r
ea
ch
PA
AC
TIV
ITE
S
6.2
.1.
Ide
ntifica
tion
o
f so
cio
-eco
no
mic
pro
jects
in
th
e
co
nse
rvation
site
s
of
Ma
nte
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
in c
olla
bo
ratio
n w
ith
op
era
tors
)
6.2
.2.
Imple
men
tation
tr
acea
bili
ty
(colle
ction
price
to
be
se
t)
6.2
.3.
Sea
rch f
or
a m
ea
ns o
f sha
rin
g f
ee
s
for
co
llection
fo
r th
e
ben
efit
of
loca
l
co
mm
un
itie
s (
dra
wba
ck a
nd r
oya
ltie
s)
6.2
.4.
Con
du
ct
fea
sib
ility
stu
die
s fo
r th
e
pro
cu
rem
ent
cen
ter
AC
TIV
ITE
S
7.1
.1.
Ela
bo
ration
of
fram
ew
ork
do
cu
men
t fo
r eco
tou
rism
7.1
.2.
Dete
rmin
atio
n o
f p
rio
rity
are
as f
or
eco
tou
rism
7.1
.3.
Fix
ing
of
en
try
fee
s
in
the
site
s
co
nce
rne
d
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
6.2
. S
ha
re e
qu
ita
bly
th
e
be
ne
fits
o
f co
llecting
Ma
nte
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
7.1
. T
o
stu
dy
the
imp
lem
en
tation
o
f th
e
pro
motion
of
eco
tou
rism
in
site
s
with
M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 22
T
ime
Fra
me
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
2 t
o 4
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
, A
sity,
Min
Tou
rism
MV
, A
sity
MV
, A
sity
All
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
OG
, M
V,
Asity,
,ST
D,C
TD
Ind
ica
tor
A r
ece
ipt
in a
cco
rda
nce
with
th
e
pa
ym
en
t of
roya
ltie
s
and
dra
wb
acks
an
d
whic
h
is
ve
rifia
ble
b
y
the
co
ntr
ol syste
m
The
work
bo
ok is p
art
of
a d
ocu
me
nt
for
the
VO
I
de
lega
tio
n c
ontr
act
Desig
n an
d in
sta
llation
of
pa
ne
ls,
ve
rifia
ble
by
takin
g p
hoto
s.
Do
cu
me
nt
on
th
e
eco
no
mic
ad
van
tag
e o
f
the
se
cto
r
Sa
me
d
ocu
men
t b
ut
ba
sed
o
n
eco
log
ical
imp
ort
an
ce
AC
TIV
ITE
S
7.1
.4.
Str
eng
the
nin
g
the
p
erm
an
en
t
co
ntr
ol
syste
m
at
the
site
le
ve
l,
Mo
nito
rin
g pa
ym
en
ts o
f ro
ya
ltie
s a
nd
reb
ate
s
7.1
.5.
Imple
me
nta
tion
of
Wo
rkbo
oks
Of
VO
Is
7.1
.6.
Imp
lem
en
tation
of
ma
teria
ls to
facili
tate
co
ntr
ol
7.2
.1.
Con
du
ct
co
st
and
be
ne
fit
stu
die
s
an
d
econ
om
ic
eva
lua
tion
o
f
the
se
cto
r (b
ase
d
on
T
oro
toro
fots
y,
Ma
ng
ab
e,
Am
ba
tovy
an
d
An
da
sib
e
are
as)
7.2
.2.
Cond
uct
asse
ssm
en
ts
on
co
mp
en
sa
tio
n
for
loss
of
bio
div
ers
ity
an
d
eco
log
ical
functio
ns
du
e
to
eco
no
mic
a
ctivitie
s
in
ea
ch
a
rea
(To
roto
rofo
tsy,
Ma
nga
be
, A
mba
tovy,
An
da
sib
e)
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
7.1
. T
o
stu
dy
the
imp
lem
en
tation
o
f th
e
pro
motio
n o
f e
co
tou
rism
in
site
s
with
M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
7.2
. T
o stu
dy th
e cost,
be
ne
fit
an
d
deficit
for
the
e
co
no
mic
, so
cia
l
an
d
ma
inte
na
nce
o
f
bio
div
ers
ity
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 23
Ob
jec
tive
8
: D
eve
lop
a
cce
ss
ible
c
om
mu
nic
ati
on
to
ols
; e
asy
to
m
an
ipu
late
a
nd
u
se fo
r h
ab
itat
co
nse
rva
tio
n in
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
an
d s
up
po
rt IE
C in
itia
tiv
es (
cu
rre
nt,
new
) o
f s
tak
eh
old
ers
.
Tim
e F
ram
e
An
nua
l
An
nua
l
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
2 t
o 4
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
2 a
nd
4
Res
po
nsib
le
MV
, A
sity,
CIS
CO
Asso
cia
tion
Mitsin
jo
MV
, A
sity,
Am
ba
tovy,
CIS
CO
, M
in
You
th
an
d S
po
rt
MV
, A
sity,
Am
ba
tovy
MV
, A
sity,
Am
ba
tovy
MV
, A
sity,
CIR
EE
F,
CE
EF
MV
, A
sity,
Ge
nda
rme
rie
,
CIR
EE
F, C
EE
F
All
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
Ind
ica
tor
At
lea
st
two
se
ssio
ns p
er
yea
r
At
lea
st
one
se
ssio
ns p
er
yea
r
At
lea
st
on
e s
essio
n
pe
r yea
r
At
lea
st
3 n
ew
to
ols
ea
ch
ye
ar
The
o
ld
too
ls
are
up
-to
-da
te
eve
ry
ye
ar
Num
be
r o
f ou
trea
ch
me
etin
gs c
ond
ucte
d
Num
be
r o
f con
trol
an
d
rep
ressio
n
mis
sio
ns c
arr
ied
ou
t
AC
TIV
ITE
S
8.1
.1.
Con
du
ct
aw
are
ne
ss-r
ais
ing
an
d
en
viro
nm
en
tal
ed
uca
tio
n
se
ssio
ns in
prim
ary
sch
oo
ls
8.1
.2.
En
su
res t
he
edu
ca
tion
of
the
stu
den
ts
se
lecte
d
for
the
co
nse
rvatio
n o
f M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
with
in t
he
Asso
cia
tio
n M
itsin
jo
8.1
.3.
Ma
ke
kno
wn t
he c
on
se
rvatio
n
of
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
a
nd
its
ha
bita
ts a
t th
e v
illa
ge.
8.2
.1.
Con
cep
ts
of
se
nsitiz
ation
too
ls: b
roch
ure
, po
ste
r, f
lyer,
film
...
8.2
.2.
Eva
lua
tio
n
an
d
up
da
tin
g
of
the
o
ld
too
ls
used
fo
r a
ware
ne
ss-
rais
ing
8.3
.1.
Str
en
gth
en
ing
a
ware
ne
ss
of
the
PA
an
d r
ela
ted
law
s,
ap
plic
ation
of
regu
lato
ry
texts
(lo
ca
l
co
mm
un
itie
s,
loca
l a
uth
oritie
s,
ST
D,
CT
D,
etc
.)
8.3
.2.
Con
tin
ua
tion
of
co
ntr
ol
and
rep
ressio
n m
issio
ns
8.4
.1.
Org
an
iza
tio
n of
the
re
gio
na
l
ce
leb
ration
da
ys
for
the
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
on
site
s
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
8.1
. P
rom
ote
th
e
de
ve
lop
me
nt
of
en
viro
nm
enta
l
ed
uca
tio
n p
rog
ram
s t
ha
t
su
ppo
rt the
co
mm
un
ity's
sta
nda
rd
of
livin
g
an
d
the
co
nse
rvatio
n
of
Ma
nte
lla a
ura
ntia
ca
8.2
. P
rovid
e
the
ne
ce
ssa
ry t
oo
ls t
o r
ais
e
aw
are
ne
ss
8.3
. D
ecre
ase
pre
ssu
res
an
d
thre
ats
on
M
an
tella
au
rantiaca
an
d its
natu
ral ha
bita
t
8.4
. T
o m
ake
kn
ow
n t
he
imp
ort
an
ce
o
f M
an
tella
au
ran
tia
ca
to
th
e lo
ca
l…
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 24
T
ime
Fra
me
An
nua
l
Go
al
5:
Hav
e e
ffe
cti
ve
c
olla
bo
rati
on
a
nd
e
ffe
cti
ve
a
nd
e
ffic
ien
t s
hari
ng
a
mo
ng
a
ll s
take
ho
lde
rs to
e
nsu
re s
ou
nd
ma
nag
em
en
t
Ob
jec
tive
9:
En
co
ura
ge c
lose
co
lla
bo
rati
on
betw
ee
n s
tak
eh
old
ers
fo
r g
oo
d g
ove
rna
nce
an
d s
erv
ing
as a
decis
ion
-
ma
kin
g t
oo
l fo
r th
e p
rote
cti
on
an
d c
on
se
rva
tio
n o
f M
an
tell
a a
ura
nti
ac
a.
Tim
e F
ram
e
2
se
ssio
ns
pe
r yea
r
An
nua
l
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
1 t
o 2
Ye
ar
2 t
o 4
Res
po
nsib
le
All
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
Res
po
nsib
le
OG
, A
SG
, A
S,
Pa
rtena
ire
s
All
Sta
keh
old
ers
OG
, A
SG
, A
S,
Pa
rtena
ire
s,
Auto
rité
s
loca
les
All
Sta
keh
old
ers
Site
M
an
ag
ers
,
Etu
dia
nts
ch
erc
he
urs
,
Tech
nic
ien
s
Ind
ica
tor
Ind
ica
tor
PV
of m
ee
ting
Lis
t o
f m
em
be
rs
PV
m
eetin
g
with
CO
BA
CO
AP
Acq
uired
by
All
Sta
keh
old
ers
PV
m
ee
ting
o
r
train
ing
o
r fie
ld
rep
ort
AC
TIV
ITE
S
8.4
.2.
Org
an
ization
o
f a
ctivitie
s
pro
mo
ting
the
tr
an
sfe
r o
f
kn
ow
led
ge
fo
r th
e
be
nefit
of
bio
div
ers
ity
thro
ug
h
Ma
nte
lla
au
ran
tia
ca
(J
ME
a
nd
JM
ZH
pa
rtic
ipa
tion
)
AC
TIV
ITE
S
9.1
.1.
Org
an
ization
o
f p
eriod
ic
me
etin
gs
for
the
exch
ang
e
of
info
rma
tio
n o
f th
e C
om
mitte
e
9.1
.2.
Cre
atio
n
of
a
mu
lti-
sta
ke
ho
lde
r co
mm
itte
e
9.1
.3.
Str
en
gth
en
co
llab
ora
tio
n
with
lo
ca
l au
tho
ritie
s
9.1
.4.
Con
du
ct
com
mu
nic
ation
se
ssio
ns o
n C
OA
P b
y M
EE
F
9.1
.5.
Ma
ke
excha
nge
s
betw
een
site
m
an
age
rs,
techn
icia
ns
and
stu
den
t re
se
arc
he
rs
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
8.4
…..
reg
ion
al
an
d
inte
rna
tio
na
l
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
9.1
. Im
ple
me
nt
an
info
rma
tio
n
sh
arin
g
syste
m
for
all
sta
ke
ho
lde
rs
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 25
T
ime
Fra
me
An
nua
l
An
nua
l
An
nua
l
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Ye
ar
1 t
o 3
Res
po
nsib
le
Site
Man
age
rs,
ME
EF
,
AS
G
Site
Mana
ge
rs
ME
EF
, S
ite M
an
ag
ers
ME
EF
, S
ite M
an
ag
ers
DG
F,
TP
F
DG
F,
TP
F
Ind
ica
tor
Upd
ate
d
an
d
usa
ble
d
ata
ba
se
eve
ry y
ea
r
Num
be
r o
f d
on
or
ob
tain
ed
AC
TIV
ITE
S
9.2
.1.
Upd
ate
th
e
da
taba
se
s
with
in
the
D
epa
rtm
en
t a
nd
co
mp
are
th
em
9.2
.2.
Upda
tin
g
da
tab
ase
s
at
Reb
iom
a
9.2
.3.
Incre
ase
in
th
e n
um
be
r
of
pla
ye
rs
invo
lved
in
the
imp
lem
en
tation
of
the
str
ate
gy
9.3
.1.
se
arc
h
Inte
rna
tio
na
l
fun
din
g
9.3
.2.
Rese
arc
h i
nfo
rma
tio
n o
n
ca
rbo
n p
roje
ct
se
lection
crite
ria
9.3
.3.
Sea
rch
for
susta
inab
le
fin
an
cin
g,
espe
cia
lly
ca
rbo
n
se
que
str
ation
pro
jects
allo
win
g
eff
ective
p
art
icip
atio
n
of
loca
l
pe
op
le in P
As
SP
EC
IFIC
OB
JE
CT
IVE
9.2
. P
utt
ing
a
da
taba
se
o
f
da
ta
acce
ssib
le
for
all
to
facili
tate
de
cis
ion
-ma
kin
g
9.3
. L
oo
k
for
a
su
sta
ina
ble
fin
an
cin
g
syste
m
to
pro
vid
e
tan
gib
le
alte
rna
tive
s
to
the
de
str
uction
of
reso
urc
es a
nd
for
an
eq
uita
ble
sh
arin
g
of
the
be
ne
fits
of
con
se
rva
tio
n
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 26
E. List of participants during the final evaluation workshop of the conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca (2011-2015) in Moramanga.
Stakeholders Name
Direction Générale de l’Environnement
et des Forêts : Direction de la
Conservation de la Biodiversité et du
Système des Aires Protégées (Point
focal CBD Madagascar)
RANDRIANIZAHANA Hiarinirina
ZARASOA
Direction Générale de l’Environnement
et des Forêts : Direction de la
Valorisation des Ressources
Naturelles (Point focal Organe de
gestion CITES Madagascar)
RABESIHANAKA Sahondra
ROBSOMANITRANDRASANA Eric
Amphibian Specialist Group (ASG) RANDRIANANTOANDRO Christian J.
RABEMANANJARA Falitiana
Amphibian Project Lead RAKOTONANAHARY Tsanta
District Moramanga RAMAHASAKANIRINA Robinson Dieu Donnée
Commune Ambohibary JOSOA FAVART Marie Velontsara
Commune Mangarivotra RAMANANTSOA Harifenitra A.
Commune Andasibe RAMAHAZO Paul
Chef FKT (Antsily, Ampahitra) RATSIMANARY Solofo Jaona
RANDRIAMORASATA Doda
DREEF Alaotra-Mangoro RAKOTONDRAVONINALA Kiady
CIREEF Moramanga RAJAONERA Mirana Lolotiana
CEEF Moramanga RAKOTONDRAMASY Jules
Office Régionale du Tourisme
Alaotra Mangoro
RAZANAMARIA Arilala Léa
Madagascar National Parcs
Andasibe- Mantadia
ANDRIAMAHEFASOA Rindra
Operateurs exportateurs et
éleveurs en captivités
RABENJANIRINA
Vondron’Olona Ifotony (VOIs) RAZAFINDRAZAKA (VOI Fanazava)
KOTOMAHERISON (VOI Ezaka T)
RAZANAKOTO Julien (VOI Hafasahona)
RAKOTOARISOA Galy (VOI Miavotena)
ANDRIANASOLO Jean De Dieu (VOI Faniry)
RASOLOFOMANANTENA Torio (VOI
Soamanatsara)
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 27
RAKOTOMALANTO Jean Dore (VOI Tsaradia)
ROLLAND François (Ass. Fivoarana)
JEAN Kely (VOI Soamiafara)
RASOAMAHADINA Honorine (VOI Fitahiana)
Projet Ambatovy RAKOTONDRATSIMBA Gilbert
RANJANAHARISOA Fiadanantsoa
RAMAHAVALISOA Baholy
Plate-forme pour la gestion du
Corridor Ankeniheny Zahamena
(PLACAZ)
RANDRIANALISON Gervais
Association Mitsinjo NDRIAMIARY Jean Noel
RAKOTOARISOA Justin Claude
SEBASTIEN Wolf
ASITY Madagasikara RANDRIANARISOA Aimée Lucienne
Madagasikara Voakajy RANDRIAMAMONJY Voahirana
RAZAFINDRAIBE Pierre
RAKOTONDRASOA Eddie F
ANDRIANTSIMANARILAFY R. Raphali
RAZAFIMANAHAKA Hanta Julie
RANDRIANANTENAINA Gilbertho C.
RAZANAKOTO Emile
RABAKOSON Jean Charles
Collecteurs locaux RANDRIANARIVELO Marcellin
Journalistes Locaux ATHANASE Romule (Don Bosco)
RANDRIANJATOVO Jean Aimé (TVM)
Conservation strategy of Mantella aurantiaca 28
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