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Spectrometer + Sky-Scanning + Sun-Tracking = Atmospheric Research ! 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.1 1 10 NASA_AMES 4STAR ,04/27/2007,21:50 AE R O N ET,04/27/2007,21:37 dV /dlnR Particle R adius, m G round Prototype (4STA R -G round) G round Prototype (4STA R -G round) SpectralMeasurem ents… • Im prove H 2 O ,O 3... • Provide N O 2 • Im prove A O D G oal:airborne profiles of trace gas + aerosoltype via A eronet-like retrievals A A TS -14 like retrievals ofcolum n am ountand profiles ofaerosoland gaseous atm ospheric com ponents. AER O N ET-like • Phase function • Size m ode distributions • n re ( ),n im ( ) • Single-scattering albedo • A sym m etry param eter • Shape • H ence aerosoltype 4-STAR Instrumentation and 4-STAR Science C Flynn 1 , P Russell 2 , B Schmid 1 , S Dunagan 2 , R Johnson 2 , J Zavaleta 3 , J Redeman 3 , J Livingston 4 , E Kassianov 1 , A Sinyuk 5 1 Battelle PND, 2 NASA ARC, 3 BAERI, 4 SRI International, 5 SSAI/NASA GSFC Why 4-STAR?: AATS-14 retrievals, Aeronet-like retrievals, and spectroscopy from a single instrument. •Combining AOD(), SSA(), and g() for aerosol layers aloft yields heating rates for aerosol semidirect effect studies. •AOD(), when combined with radiative flux( ), enables measuring aerosol direct effect efficiency. •Improved size distributions from combined sun & sky data enable more complete closure studies. •Improved gas measurements from spectroscopy enable more comprehensive satellite validation and description of radiation budget. = Atmospheric transmittance comparison with AATS-14 shows short term stability within 1%. 4-STAR diffuse radiance calibration at NASA ARC agrees well with NASA GSFC Cimel calibration. Processing with Aeronet retrieval code yields near match with co- located Cimel sun photometer. Remaining hurdles, next steps… New collector design, 100X power Spectral Langley calibration, MLO Add SWIR spectrometer for more size and absorption information Continue spectral inversion development Harden design for airborne deployment Reflective power optics yield: • Negligible chromatic effects • > 100X light SWIR spectrometer: Zeiss PGS NIR 1.7 WL: 960 nm -1690 nm Resolution: ~ 5nm Pixels: 512 Quasi-monolithic Zero moving parts + +
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