Spice Quiz

Instructions

• With your partner you will smell 8 different spice containers.

• Column one: Name of Spice• Column two: Form of spice prior to grounding

(seed, root, bark, berry)– What was it before it was ground into the

containers you use on your food?

• Column three: Origin of Spice

Number 1

• Name of Spice: Pepper

• Form of Spice prior to grounding: Berry

• Origin of Spice: India

Number 2

• Name of Spice: Cinnamon

• Form of Spice prior to grounding: Bark

• Origin of Spice: China/Sri Lanka

Number 3

• Name of Spice: Cloves

• Form of Spice prior to grounding: Bud

• Origin of Spice: Indonesia

Number 4

• Name of Spice: Cumin

• Form of Spice prior to grounding: Seed

• Origin of Spice: Mediterranean

Number 5

• Name of Spice: Ginger

• Form of Spice prior to grounding: Root

• Origin of Spice: Unknown

Number 6

• Name of Spice: Curry

• Form of Spice prior to grounding: Blend of Spices– Mixture of Cumin, Turmeric,

Chili, and Corriander

• Origin of Spice: Southern Asia

Number 7• Name of Spice:

Turmeric

• Form of Spice prior to grounding: Root

• Origin of Spice: Southeast Asia/India

Number 8

• Name of Spice: Nutmeg

• Form of Spice prior to grounding: Seed

• Origin of Spice: Indonesia

The Indian Ocean Trade Complex

Learning Goal 3: Describe what characteristic of global trade after the

European discovery of the western hemisphere and explain the role Ming China

played in global trade.

Importance of Spices

• No refrigerators – need a way to preserve meat

• Spices allow meat to stay fresh longer• Make things more delicious • Where are most of these spices coming from?

Causes of European Exploration and Expansion Westward

• God, Gold, and Glory• Spread religion• Gain wealth• Quest for power

Human and physical geographic factors that influence trade in the Indian Ocean

• Muslims, Indians and Malays participated in a thriving trade system in the Indian Ocean

• Europeans want in but have nothing to trade• Worked to control strategic ports – become middlemen of

trade system• The Dutch established a trading headquarter on the island of

Java, on the Cape of Good Hope, and supplanted the Portuguese at the Strait of Malacca allowing them to control trade at these strategic points.

• The British and Dutch (and French) naval capabilities and more-free economic systems facilitate their growing presence in the Indian Ocean.

The Ming Dynasty• Mongols overthrown by Ming – Chinese become

active in Indian Ocean Trade• Yongle Emperor funds explorer Zheng He• Zheng He travels to East Africa on gigantic

“treasure ships” (junks)• Yongle Emperor dies – Confucian scholars

demand end to exploration and greater focus on domestic affairs

• Result – vacuum of power in Indian Ocean– Portuguese and other Europeans establish trading

outposts

Influence of Ming China on Global Trade: Causes

• The Ming established a dynasty which reestablished Chinese authority in China after the fall of the Mongol (Yuan) dynasty.

• Chinese paper currency’s value had inflated so the Ming ends the use of paper currency and expected all taxes be paid in silver which led to a demand for silver in China.

• After the death of Chinese explorer Zheng He (1433), Ming rulers forbid overseas explorations.

Influence of Ming China on Global Trade: Effects

• Ming policy – silver needed for taxes = high demand for silver– Supplied by Spanish Empire from the New World– Europeans now have product to trade!

• Europeans want silk, tea, and porcelain from China– Result: Favorable balance of trade between Chinese and

Europeans• Too much silver into China led to inflation.• The Philippine trading outpost in Manila was created

specifically to facilitate trade with China and to avoid pirates in the Atlantic.

• Lack of Chinese exploration meant less competition for the Portuguese who began to make inroads into the Indian Ocean trade complex.