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Spinal Nerves

Date post: 24-Feb-2016
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Spinal Nerves. Spinal nerves. 31 pairs arise from spinal cord Five groups correspond to regions of spinal cord and vertebrae Cervical 8 pr. Thoracic 12 pr. Lumbar 5 pr. Sacral 5 pr. Coccygeal 1 pr. Structure of a Nerve. Bundle of axons Layers of connective tissue Epineurium - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Spinal Nerves
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Page 1: Spinal Nerves

Spinal Nerves

Page 2: Spinal Nerves

Spinal nerves• 31 pairs arise from

spinal cord• Five groups correspond

to regions of spinal cord and vertebrae– Cervical 8 pr.– Thoracic 12 pr.– Lumbar 5 pr.– Sacral 5 pr.– Coccygeal 1 pr.

Page 3: Spinal Nerves

Structure of a Nerve

• Bundle of axons • Layers of

connective tissue– Epineurium – Perineurium – Endoneurium

Page 4: Spinal Nerves

Structure of a spinal nerve

• Tree analogy• Dorsal root & ventral

root fuse lateral to dorsal root ganglion

• Whole nerve "trunk" lies in intervertebral foramen

Page 5: Spinal Nerves

Structure of a spinal nerve

• Branches • Dorsal ramus• Ventral ramus• Communicating rami

to sympathetic chain ganglion (ANS)

Page 6: Spinal Nerves

Spinal Nerve Plexuses

Page 7: Spinal Nerves

Spinal Nerve Plexuses• Ventral rami of spinal nerves fuse and form

networks with ventral rami of other spinal nerves.– Crossing of fibers

• A peripheral nerve may contain axons from several spinal segments.

• T2 – T12 do not form plexuses

Page 8: Spinal Nerves

Spinal Nerve Plexuses• Cervical plexus• Brachial plexus• Lumbar plexus• Sacral plexus

Page 9: Spinal Nerves

Cervical plexus

• C1 – C4 (+ C5)– cutaneous nerves, mostly sensory from skin of neck & back

of head– Phrenic nerve to diaphragm

• Motor stimulation for breathing!

Page 10: Spinal Nerves

Brachial plexus• C5 – T1

• Complex fusion, splitting, fusion, & division into nerves

• Axillary Nerve– to deltoid

• Musculocutaneous nerve– to biceps brachii,

brachialis

Page 11: Spinal Nerves

Brachial plexus

• Radial nerve– to triceps brachii, extensors of wrist, hand, fingers

• Wrist drop• Median nerve

– to flexors of wrist, hand, fingers– can be compressed

• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome• Ulnar nerve

– (“funny bone”)– to flexors in hand

• “Claw hand”

Page 12: Spinal Nerves

Lumbar plexus

• L1 – L4 (+ L5)• Ilioinguinal nerve

– mostly sensory from skin of thigh & genitals• Genitofemoral nerve

– mostly sensory from scrotum, labia majora, ant. Thigh• Femoral Nerve

– to quadriceps, sartorius

Page 13: Spinal Nerves

Sacral plexus

• L4 – S4• Superior & inferior gluteal nerves

– To gluteus muscles• Sciatic nerve

– To hamstrings & other posterior thigh & leg muscles• Pudendal nerve

– Sensory from penis, clitoris, labia minora, anus


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