Date post: | 21-Feb-2017 |
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SPLINTS& TRACTIONS
In ORTHOPAEDICS-DR.AKIF A.B
SPLINTS- Any material which is used to support a fracture is k/a Splint.
TYPES OF SPLINTS
SLABSPICACASTSPOP encircles entire Circumference
Mnemonic : C for Cast C for Circumference
Slab covers only one surface of limb
Mnemonic : S for Slab S for 1 Surface
Immobilises limb with trunk i.e spine
Mnemonic: SPICA = SPI + CA CAst around SPIne
Brace: a device fitted to something, in particular a weak or injured part of the body, to give support.
MINERVA CASTUsed in Cervical and upper thoracic spine disease.
TURN BUCKLE CASTUsed in Scoliosis.
HANGING CAST/ U-SLABUsed in : Fracture of Humerus
HIP SPICAUsed in fracture of Femur.
CYLINDER/TUBE CASTUsed in Patella fracture
Colle’s castDisplacement : S: Supination
L : lateral displacement
I : Impaction(proximal shift)
P: Posterior displacement
Cast : below elbow Position: Reverse to displacement
pronation ulnar deviation Palmar angulation
GLASS HOLDING CAST- Used in Scaphoid #
THOMAS SPLINTUsed in fracture femur and for immobilising knee
DENNIS BROWN SPLINTS
Used in CTEV
COCK UP SPLINT-Used in Radial N. Palsy
KNUCKLE BENDER SPLINT- Used in Ulnar N./ Median nerve Injury
TURN BUCKLE /VOLKMANN SPLINT
-Used in Volkmann ischemic contracture
- Volkmann ischemic contracture is a complication of supracondylar fracture
AEROPLANE SPLINTUSED IN BRACHIAL PLEXUS INJURY
MILWAUKEE BRACE- Used for scoliosis
VON ROSEN SPLINT- Used for Developmental dysplasia of Hip.
PALVIC HARNESS- Used for Developmental dysplasia of Hip.
THUMB SPICA SPLINTUsed in : 1) Metacarpal #
2) Scaphoid #
3) Game keepers thumb
FIGURE OF ‘8’ BANDAGEUsed in Clavicle #
Velpeau Sling & Swathe
Used in Acromioclavicular dislocation > Shoulder dislocation
TRACTIONSKIN TRACTION
SKELETAL TRACTION
Indication Mild to moderate force
Moderate to severe force
Weight permitted
3-4kg Upto 20kg
Applied with Adhesive tape
e.g: Buck’s Traction/ Gallow’s/ Bryant
Steinmann pin,Kwire
Crutchfield tong/Ilizarow wire/ Dunham pin
BRYANT’S TRACTIONUsed in fracture shaft of femur in <2yrs age
BUCK’S TRACTION- Conventional skin traction
GALLOW’S TRACTIONUsed in fracture shaft of femur <2yrs of age
RUSSEL’S TRACTIONUsed in trochanteric #
- Type of Skin Traction
PERKINS TRACTIONFracture shaft femur in Adults
AGNES HUNT TRACTIONCORRECTION OF HIP DEFORMITY
DUNLOP TRACTIONUsed in Supracondylar fractures
CRUTCHFIELD TRACTION- Used in Cervical Spine Injuries.
REVISE
FIGURE OF 8 BANDAGE
For Clavicle #
MILWAUKEE BRACE
For Scoliosis
MINERVA CAST
For Cervical spine
BUCK’S TRACTION
PAVLIK HARNESS
For DDH
PERKIN’S TRACTION
For femur shaft# in adults
RUSSELL’S TRACTION
For Trochanteric #
DUNLOP TRACTION
For supracondylar #
THOMAS SPLINT
For femur #
THUMB SPICA SPLINT
VON ROSEN SPLINT
CYLINDER/TUBE CAST
FOR PATELLA
KNUCKLE BENDER SPLINT
For Ulnar N./Median N. Palsy
Dennis brown splint
For CTEV
GLASS HOLDING CAST
For scaphoid #
BRYANT’S TRACTION
For femur shaft # in children<2yrs of age
Colles Cast
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