Sponsor DaySeminar on Animal Feeding

Protein for swine nutrition in Europe, deficit or excess?

David TorrallardonaIRTA - Nutrició de Monogàstrics

Mas de Bover, Constantí

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014p y y

Sources of Protein for Animal Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

EU/27 Self-sufficiency in 2012Nutrition in the EU

(2010/2011; million tones/yr)

y

SBM ~40% of CP97% is imported

RSM ~10% of CP82% from EU

Equivalent to~2.4 Mt N/yr

EU Protein ingredient imports

2.4 Mt N/yr

Cereals provide~40% of total CP

FAO (2012); FEFAC (2012)

Nitrogen surplus across Europe (kg N/ha)

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Nitrogen surplus across Europe (kg N/ha)

JRC: Bouraoui et al., 2009.

Protein for swine nutrition in Europe deficit or excess?

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Protein for swine nutrition in Europe, deficit or excess?

# Deficit of protein sources and excess of N excretionexcess of N excretion

# Need to reduce protein imports, but maintain production (=reduce

Feed Nutritive p (

excess)# Only solution is to improve

ffi i f t i tili ti

Value

efficiency of protein utilisation# This requires:

Knowledge of nutritive value (and Feeding

Animal Nutrient

Req.Knowledge of nutritive value (and how to improve it, if possible)Knowledge of the animal’s

i t ( d l ti )

Feeding system

matchingNutr. Value &requirements (and evolution)

Accurate administration of a feed with the precise amount of nutrient

Nutr. Value & Requeriments

required by the animal

EVALUATION OF NUTRITIVE VALUE OF PROTEIN & AA

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

EVALUATION OF NUTRITIVE VALUE OF PROTEIN & AA

Total CP / AA Standardised il l di tibilit (SID)Ab b d ileal digestibility (SID)Absorbed

CP / AA

Basal Basal endogenous

lossesendogenous

losses

Ileal CP / AAFermented

CP / AA

CP / AAf

NH3in fecesin urine

EVALUATION OF NUTRITIVE VALUE OF PROTEIN & AA

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

EVALUATION OF NUTRITIVE VALUE OF PROTEIN & AA

Total CP / AAAb b d

Nutrient BalanceAbsorbedCP / AA

Maintenance

Growth

B. End.lossesB. End.lossesOxidation

(AA imbalance)Ileal CP / AA

FermentedCP / AA

( )

CP / AAf

NH3in fecesin urine

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Limiting SID AA in Corn-SBM diets for 50 kg PigsAMINO ACID

180

200

ent

Lys Thr Trp M+C

AMINO ACID

BALANCE

d

140

160

180

equi

rem

e Lys Thr Trp M C

Ile Val His Req.and

FREE AMINO ACIDS21.6% SBM16.5% CP

80

100

120

o A

cid

Re

20

40

60

of A

min

o

17.5% SBM14.9% CP

15.2% SBM14.0% CP

13.1% SBM13.2% CP

13.1% SBM13.2% CP

0

20

0 5 10 15 20 25

%

Soybean meal inclusion (%)

Adapted from Cromwell and Kim (2005) JAS 83(Suppl. 1):Abst.T125

y (%)

Evaluation of nutrient requirements

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Evaluation of nutrient requirementsEMPIRICAL APPROACH

Lys requirementfrom empirical studies (NRC1988)

Example of empiricalnutrient requirement study

e 1 2

1.4

1.6

d)

e re

spon

s

0.8

1

1.2

(% in

feed

Prod

uctiv

e

0.4

0.6

Lys

ine

(

N i d

P

Requirement0

0.2

0 20 40 60 80 100Nutrient dose 0 20 40 60 80 100Body weight (kg)

Evaluation of nutrient requirements

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Evaluation of nutrient requirementsFACTORIAL APPROACH

# Maintenance requirementsRelated to Body WeightIdeal AA profile for maintenance 3

4

141618

)Ideal AA profile for maintenance

# Production requirementsProtein deposition 2

3

8101214

eed

(kg/

d)

ysin

e (g

)

Protein depositionIdeal AA profile for PD

# Characterisation of animals1

2468 FeLy

Feed intakeBody weight (ADG)P t i d iti

002

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100110120Body weight (kg)Protein deposition

# Calculation of requirement

Body weight (kg)Lys Maintenance Req. (g/d)Lys Protein Dep. Req. (g/d)Lys Requirement (g/kg feed)Feed Intake (kg/d)Feed Intake (kg/d)

Phase feeding

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Phase feedingNITRÓGENO

10

11

feed

)

7

8

9

ne (g

/kg

f

5

6

7

Lysi

n

4

5

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Body weight (kg)

Excess with 2 Feeds Requirement (g/kg feed)q (g g )

Phase feeding

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Phase feedingNITRÓGENO

10

11

feed

)

7

8

9

ne (g

/kg

f

5

6

7

Lysi

n

Deficit

4

5

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Body weight (kg)

Excess with 2 Feeds Requirement (g/kg feed)q (g g )

Multiphase feeding

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Multiphase feedingNITRÓGENO

10

11

feed

)

7

8

9

ne (g

/kg

f

5

6

7

Lysi

n

4

5

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Body weight (kg)

Excess with 2 Feeds Requirement (g/kg feed)q (g g )

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Multi-phase feeding

1

1.2100%

0.6

0.8

1

60%

80%

e (%

)

usio

n

0.2

0.4

0.6

20%

40%

Lysi

n

Incl

u

00%20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

Body weight (kg)

Feed A (0.55% Lys) Feed B (1.04% Lys) % Lys

Population Lys requirement andSponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

% of animals for which requirement is met

adapted from Brossard et al., 2009

Precision (individual) multi phase feeding

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Precision (individual) multi-phase feedingNITRÓGENO

10

11

feed

)

7

8

9

ne (g

/kg

f

5

6

7

Lysi

n

4

5

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Body weight (kg)

Excess with 2 Feeds Requirement (g/kg feed)q (g g )

Intelligent precision feeder for individual tailored feeding

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Intelligent precision feeder for individual tailored feeding

Pomar et al., 2009

CONCLUSIONS

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

CONCLUSIONS

# EU feed sector depends on imports of protein sources (SBM)# N surplus in the EU is a major problem due to limited arable land# Improving the efficiency of protein (N) utilisation is the only option

Improvement of AA profile with free AA (new sources)Improvement of feeding precision to match the animal’s requirements

# More precision (=less margin for error)Evaluation of nutritive value of ingredients and feedsEvaluation of animals requirements

Sponsor Day, 15th-16th May 2014

Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention

david torrallardona@irta catdavid.torrallardona@irta.cat