Sport Food Packaging Research

the Packaging Design of a new platform of food dedicated to Sport

through a multidisciplinary approach

Parma: 13th September 2010

SPORT BARS >> > Decathlon

SportFood.PD

Aldo DuchiMohammed Woyeso GedaEkaterina KimEce ÖzdilAndrea RongonePaolo Rossi

AAngelica Maria Bello Arias

Alessandro BombelliAlessandra Erra

Ambra FarrisMarta Gallo

Jose Gabriel Islas Montero

TEAMBTEAM


SportFood.PD

CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

MARKET RESEARCH2

DESIGN APPROACH3

MATERIALS OPPORTUNITIES4

RESEARCHPHASE

BA +

SportFood.PD

CONCLUSIONS5

CUSTOMERRESEARCH:

Amateur joySports loverWelfare consciousForever youngConsiderationsInteractive posterInsight

Methods

1

INTRODUCTION

USER PROFILE


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

Introduction

1-01/21

METHODS > Process

*3 principles by Rick E. Robinson

User centered design: focus on customers’ need and objects.

Activity centered design: focus on customers’ behaviour, actions and decisions.


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-02/21

METHODS > Process

we go to them we talk with them we take note

*3 principles by Rick E. Robinson

Introduction


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-03/21

METHODS > Process

Introduction

Observation:

fly on the wall (to go in a place an look without interacting)

Interviews:

face to face

Questionnaire :

sent by e-mail

?

?

Profiling :

Personas (features, objects and needs)

50 people interviewed: QUALITATIVE RESEARCH


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

METHODS > Where?

1-04/21

Introduction

Parks Gyms Sport markets


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

METHODS > Where?

1-05/21

User profile


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-06/21

METHODS > Where?

User profile


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-07/21

AMATEUR JOYUser profile

They cost too much and my sport activity is not so professional to need energy bars or drinks.

Since I’m not a professional sportman I prefer water and fruits juice, energy bars and energy drinks are not good for my body.


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-08/21

User profile

Active sports in general (swimming,running, playing basketball..)

No special diet

Generally have lunch outside and dinner at home

Snacks: biscuits or sandwiches

Why they do sport? relax, have fun or social interaction

Low budget for sports

Not so informed about sport food

Go generally to the supermarket

No sport food consumption, they prefer water!

mp3 players during sport activity

Work out in company few times by themselves

AMATEUR JOY


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-09/21

SPORTS LOVERUser profile

I like to invest money in good stuff with high quality, makes me feel more professional

I drink energy drinks but I don’t really like the taste (maybe too artificial), but I use them in order to give higher performance to my sport acrivities


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-10/21

SPORTS LOVERUser profile

More specialized in one sport and more professional

Diet with a lot of proteins, everything but healty

Eat often outside

Snacks: biscuits, sandwiches, fruits, chocolate)

Do sport every day (often in an official team)

Why they do sport? passion, fitness, relax, health, competitiveness.

High budget for sports

Very well informed, they know what they consume and why

Go to specialized sport shops

Sport food consumption

Investment in good outfit.

mp3 players and countdown timer

Work out by themselves or in company of official teams

CUSTOMER RESEARCH1


1-11/21

WELFARE CONSCIUOUS

User profile

I run with all my family, it’s a good time to spend together

I bought this energy bar not just for me,we all consume them when we do exercise


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-12/21

User profile

Prefer to run or go to gym

Healthy diet

Snacks: based on dry and fresh fruits

Eat at home or prepare food at home and take with them

More income to spend in sportive activities

Do sports twice per week generally on weekends

Spend more money on sport clothes and accessories

mp3 players, timers such as countdown, stopwatch and sometimes gps

Consume energy bars


WELFARE CONSCIUOUS

CUSTOMER RESEARCH1


1-13/21

FOREVER YOUNGUser profile

I like running and doingexercise outdoors, I feel alife

I like to be informed of what I consume, now I care more about my health


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-14/21

User profile

Prefer to Bike, run or swimming

Eat everything in the right amount

Snacks: chocolate, biscuits, fruits

Informed in media (T.V.)

Do outdoor sports

Do sports twice per week generally on weekends

Spend enough in sport outfit

mp3 players, timers such as countdown, stopwatch and sometimes gps

Consume energy drinks, not bars.

Few times go to a specialized sportshop


FOREVER YOUNG


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-15/21

CONSIDERATIONSUser profile

All users use mp3 players

They drink water after their sport activity

A lot of them consume a great amount of coffee everyday

Consumption of daily products is important

They do sports to socialize. They do their activity generallyin couples or groups

The ones who don’t consume any sport food thinks that:

They don’t feel the need to consume them, they think they are unnecessary

They find them expensive

They think that they don’t work, theyare not helpful


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

User profile

INTERACTIVE POSTER

1-16/21

What do you think when wesay “sport-food”?

What is your favourite flavour?

What do you need to do some sport?

Consumption of daily products is important


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

INTERACTIVE POSTER

1-17/21

User profile

What do you think when we say “sport-food”?

lightfresh

energy

something to get refreshed

high caloric food

healthy food

k/cal

mineral salts

fast burningRedbull

carbohidrates

street-food

vegetables

proteins

pastapowerade

make the difference

chocolate

SportCola


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

INTERACTIVE POSTER

User profile

1-18/21

What do you need to do some sport?

I-pod

waterfresh airtowel

power

shoescompany

time open-space

music

clock

mp3


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

INTERACTIVE POSTER

1-19/21

User profile

What is your favourite flavour?

chocolate

coffee

caramel

vanillaanise

mint

lemon


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

1-20/21

INSIGHTUser profile

Need of a positive life-style. Keeping the mind relaxed and feeling positive.

Need of keeping the life-style as simple as it is.(no special effort to try to be live like a professional.)

Need of feeling comfort during the sport activity.

Consuming without thinking about the nutritionvalues. Need to have trust to the product.

Need to have a good taste. Normal tasty foodsuch as biscuits and fruits.

Need of not putting any limits of the daily foodconsumptions.


CUSTOMER RESEARCH1

Customers’ needs: More natural

Customers’ needs: Normal snack idea More natural, more tasteful Products close to Barilla’s production Expects flavours: chocolate and real fruit taste

Customers’ needs: More information (they don’t know it) No artificial

Flavoured energy water...

Enery biscuitsEnergy breads...

CandiesCaramellasJellybeans...

INSIGHTUser profile

1-21/21

Methods

2

INTRODUCTION

STRATEGY

MARKETRESEARCH:

WhyMarket overviewOn-the-spot market researchPlacement

MARKET RESEARCH2

2-01/12

SPORT BARS >> > DecathlonSPORT BARS >> > Decathlon

METHODS> Process

Introduction

METHODS> Process

We go to thepoint of sales

We observe on the shelves

We take notes We draw some conclusions


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-02/12

METHODS> Where?

Introduction

5 Esselunga Supermarkets(Florence)

23 Small supermarkets(2-5 employees)(Florence)


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-03/12

Strategy

WHY

Why?Entering a new market

Size of the market:1868,9 Mi (USD) in 2010

Carbohydrates as a lever of the Barilla’s Core Competence

*Source: Datamonitor Analysis


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-04/12

Strategy

MARKET OVERVIEW

Size 1868,9 Mi (USD) in 2010

Industry Life Cycle:

Growing/Mature industry

Grow rate (2005/2010): 47%

TOTAL = 1868,9 Mi (USD) in 2010

Mature industry

Grow rate (2005/2010): 24%Growing industry

Grow rate (2005/2010): 38%

*Source: Datamonitor Analysis

MARKET RESEARCH2

2-05/12

Strategy

Who are the customers?

MARKET OVERVIEW


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-06/12

StrategyON-THE-SPOT MARKET RESEARCH

OUR COMPETITORS (5 supermarkets and 23 small supermarkets)

> Sport drinks market share (supermarkets) > Sport drinks market share (small supermarkets)

45%

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

40%

25%

35%

Gatorade Energade Powerade

36%

35%

34%

33%

32%

31%

32%

33%

35%

Gatorade Energade Powerade


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-07/12

OUR COMPETITORS (5 supermarkets and 23 small supermarkets)

Cash desk

Sport drinks

Beverages

Cash desk

Sport drinks

Beverages

Fridge

5/5 of all the stores had a smimilar configuration5/5 of all the stores had a smimilar configuration

ON-THE-SPOT MARKET RESEARCH

Strategy


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-08/12

What about bars and gels? What to do?

only the 10% of the small supermarkets analysed had a sportbar

*

ON-THE-SPOT MARKET RESEARCH

Strategy


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-09/12

Sport center KioskVending Machines Online store

What to do? > Right mix of channels! Disrupt the business model for placing the products

New

Innovative

Effective

PLACEMENTStrategy


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-10/12

Online store

PLACEMENT> Vending machines

14 Bi (USD) in annual sales (Beverages USA)

Flexible: 24 hours to reach to the customer

By 2012 sales volume will exceed 60 billion dollars

Strategy

PROS:

Right place

Increasing competition

Increased liabilities

CONS:


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-11/12

PLACEMENT> Vending machines

BUT companies are still on the ship...

Straightener VM Flowers VM Beverages VM Umbrellas VM

Healthy Food VM Fragances VM Ice Cream VM

Strategy


MARKET RESEARCH2

2-12/12

Key partners

Key activities

Value proposition

Key resources

Customer segments

Channels

Customer relationship

Cost structure Revenue streams

We are working on the Business Model

*Source: Business Model Generation, Osterwalder & Pigneur

PLACEMENTStrategy

DESIGNAPPROACH:

Sustainable packagingCommunication trends

Methods

3

INTRODUCTION

STATE OF ART AND INNOVATION

Sport barsSport drinksSport gels

PRODUCTS RESEARCH

The brandProductsPros and cons

APTONIA CASE

CONCLUSIONS

PowerfulDESIGN APPROACH3

Introduction


3-01/34

METHODS > Process

Web research

Fieldwork in loco Web research

$ $



Introduction

3-02/34

METHODS > Process

Colours

Shape

Communication

Information Packaging trends

Sport vs Natural

Natural trends

Inspirations

NEEDS and GOALS



Introduction

3-03/34


METHODS > Sources

www.packagingdesignarchive.org www.thedieline.com

Web research



Introduction

3-04/34

METHODS > Sources

www.we-des.net/packaging-day designreviver.com/articles/eco-friendly-packaging



Introduction

3-05/34


METHODS > Sources

www.d4s-de.org

Web research


Introduction

3-06/34

METHODS > Sources

Fieldwork in loco

Viale Cassala (Milano) Cairoli (Milano) via Fucini (Milano)


PowerfulState of art and innovation

DESIGN APPROACH3

3-07/34

SUSTAINABLE

PACKAGING

Material: renewable sources: PLA

Sant’Anna bio bottle BIOTA Fries

SPORT BARS >> > DecathlonSUSTAINABLE

PACKAGING


DESIGN APPROACH3

3-08/34

Material: renewable sources: banana leaves

Ecological take away packaging


PACKAGING


DESIGN APPROACH3

3-09/34

Material and shape designed for transportation

Paper Water Bottle*totally recyclable paper container made from 100% renewable resources

Boxed water*About 85% of the Boxed Water container is made from a renewable resource, trees


PACKAGING


DESIGN APPROACH3

3-10/34

Technology

-2-

un’equivalente riduzione della quantità di materiale plastico da riciclare. “Tra tutte le bevande, il mercato dell’acqua è il più grande in termini di volumi (160 miliardi di litri consumati nel 2006) e il più promettente in termini di crescita (+5,7% all’anno fino al 2010); le tonnellate di rifiuti che vengono meno grazie a questa riduzione “alla fonte”, quindi, sono tutt’altro che trascurabili”, riprende Franck Hancard. Tanto più che, quanto ad unità di confezioni, nel 2010 il mercato dell’acqua dovrebbe raggiungere quello dei soft drinks grazie allo sviluppo dei piccoli contenitori single serve (<750 ml). E’ proprio per questo che Sidel ha scelto di sviluppare la NoBottle nel formato da 500 ml.

Un concentrato di tecnologia al servizio degli imbottigliatori Alleggerire una bottiglia da 500 ml portandola a meno di 10 g rappresenta un’autentica sfida tecnica. Sidel ha studiato tutti gli aspetti del processo industriale, dal soffiaggio alla palettizzazione, per proporre agli imbottigliatori una soluzione semplice e personalizzabile, grazie a un design adattabile alle esigenze del cliente.

La NoBottle sarà presentata e soffiata presso lo Stand Sidel durante la fiera K 2007, che si terrà a Dusseldorf dal 24 al 31 Ottobre.

See animation on www.sidel.com/en/no-bottle.aspxNoBottle*9.9 g (instead of the standard 16 g) , less material, flexibility and shape memory


PACKAGING


DESIGN APPROACH3

3-11/34

Technology

Acqua Panna* you can open it with one hand and If you don’t squeeze the bottle there is no liquid leaking even if the bottle is upside down.

Water Bobble* A stylish, patented water bottle that filters water as you drink.


PACKAGING


DESIGN APPROACH3

3-12/34

Re-use: re-filling

KOR* you can drink with one hand due to the hinged snap cap, it has a wide mouth so that you can put in ice cubes and refill.

Re-use: change meaning

Stanley Home pot*It’s a earthenware jar containing honey that becomes a pot for plants

Dumbbell*when it’s finished you can excercise with it


PACKAGING


DESIGN APPROACH3

3-13/34

Dumbbell*when it’s finished you can excercise with it

SUSTAINABLE

PACKAGINGPackaging as a new media

FoodLover* promote a more healthy food consumption and sustainable local agriculture.



DESIGN APPROACH3

3-14/34

> no canonic typography

> Black+Colour look

Energy look

COMMUNICATIONTRENDS



DESIGN APPROACH3

3-15/34

Clean look

> White and transparent materials

> Usage of Typography

COMMUNICATIONTRENDS



DESIGN APPROACH3

3-16/34

> Usage of card, cardboard, recycled paper

Natural look

COMMUNICATIONTRENDS



DESIGN APPROACH3

3-17/34

Natural look

> Natural details: fruits and vegetables

COMMUNICATIONTRENDS


PACKAGING


DESIGN APPROACH3

3-18/34

> Transparency

Natural look

COMMUNICATIONTRENDS



DESIGN APPROACH3

3-19/34

Natural look

> Colours

COMMUNICATIONTRENDS


PACKAGING


DESIGN APPROACH3

3-20/34

> Colours

Natural look

COMMUNICATIONTRENDS


PowerfulProduct research

DESIGN APPROACH

SPORT BARS >

3-21/34

3

SPORT BARS >> > DecathlonSPORT BARS >


DESIGN APPROACH3

Content

> Clasification

Natural Ingredients Driven Performance driven Bio bars

Texture:soft nougat

Higlighted information

ingredients and taste

Contenttexture: crispy crocant


Contenttexture: Crispy and sticky


compositionAdvantages

origin and process of how is made 3-22/34


DESIGN APPROACH3

SPORT BARS >

Font

Natural Ingredients Driven Performance driven Bio bars

Font Font

Color Gredients Color Gradients Color gradients

Structure: Flow-pack packaging

Weight: 40g

Kcal/100g: 400

Price: 1, 80 euro

General Information


Weight: 35 g

Kcal/100g: 450

Price: 1, 50 euro

General Information


Weight: 25

Kcal/100g: 388

Price: 1, 90 euro

General Information

> Clasification

3-22/34


DESIGN APPROACH3

SPORT BARS >

3-23/34

High performance Energy water Soluble Powder




> Clasification

Saline integrator


Performance and nutrition facts taste and performance

Performance and nutrition factsPerformance and nutrition facts


DESIGN APPROACH3

SPORT BARS >

Font Font Font


Material: PETStructure: Bottle

Weight: 500 mlKcal/100g: 25Price: ??? euro

General Information

Material: PETStructure: Bottle

Weight: 500 mlKcal/100g: 15 Price: 0.60 euro

General Information

Structure: Flow-pack packagingWeight: 40Kcal/100g: 367Price: 0.75 euro

General Information

> Clasification

High performance Energy water Soluble Powder Saline integrator

Font

Color gradients

Material: PPStructure: Colapsible tube

Weight: 40gKcal/100g: 392Price: 2.70 euro

General Information

Cap Cap Cap

3-24/34


DESIGN APPROACH

SPORT BARS >

3

3-25/34

> Clasification

resealable dosis performance driven Saline integrator




Performance and nutrition facts Performance and nutrition facts Performance and nutrition facts


DESIGN APPROACH3

SPORT BARS > >

3-26/34

Font Font Font


Structure: TubeWeight: 35Price: 1, 10 euro

General Information

Structure: squeezy packWeight: 20 gPrice: 3 euro

General Information

Structure: squeezy packWeight: 35 gmPrice: 1, 90 euro

General Information

Clasification

resealable dosis performance driven Saline integrator

“Aptonia, your health partner”

SPORT BARS >> > DecathlonTHE BRAND

PowerfulAptonia case

DESIGN APPROACHC

3-27/34

3

Whatever your sport and level of ability, Aptonia is there to accompany you in each step of your activity

The Aptonia range of products includes Hydration, nutritional, healthecare and aye and body protec-tion products, in order to meet your needs in terms of preparation and recovery after exercise

SPORT BARS >> > DecathlonTHE BRAND


DESIGN APPROACH3

3-28/34

> Brand values



DESIGN APPROACH3

PRODUCTS >> Bars

Clear and essential

Weight: 40gx3x5

No re-closableNo eco-friendly

Picture of people doing sport in SP

Really good legibility

Structure for secondary packaging: pack

Structure for primary packaging: flow-pack

Kcal/100g: 341

3-29/34



DESIGN APPROACH3

3-30/34

PRODUCTS >> Drinks

* Natural colour of water for the product and of strawberries for the layout

Good legibility

Material: PETE

Transparency

Ergonomic size

One-hand usage

re-closable (leverage cap)

Structure: Bottle

Capacity: 500 ml

Kcal/100ml: 15

Price: 0,60 euro

High performance Energy water



DESIGN APPROACH3

3-31/34

PRODUCTS >> Others

Capacity: 16 gm X 5

Kcal/100ml: 183

Price: 1.50 euro

High protein pasta Ginger Bread Bars

Capacity: 30 gm X 5

1% fat, vitamins B1, B2, B6

Price: 2.50 euro



DESIGN APPROACH3

3-32/34

PRODUCTS >

Gel Liquid Honey

Re-closable

Structure: sqeezy pack

Weight: 75g

Kcal/100g: 340

Price: 1, 80 euro



DESIGN APPROACH3

3-33/34

PROS AND CONS

Pros:

Aptonia has a good comunication to all those people that are not professional

Company doesn’t expect any spacial target to buy the product like barilla. They are open to any kind of sport as well

It’s possible to notice that they really emphasize on the natural ingredients in their products

They highlight the qualities of eating this product in sports performance

They are really clear with the important information about the nutrition facts in each meal

They are very clever with the doses that should be consumed

Cons:

They don’t have a defined image

They have two different logos for their brand

They use cardboards for the packaging in general but we can conclude that they don’t have sustainable packaging

Some of the packs use more material than needed and whitout any function

To check some of the nutrition facts, the customer needs to buy the packs and they can only see when the pack is open, wich is not good for the people who are taking care of the calories that take in one day



3-34/34

Conclusions

CONCLUSIONS

Our target is for diverse age group without any specific sex men and women from 20 to even 70. The product should be open to be consumed by anyone.

Depending on our research we can conclude that people who does sports as amateurs needs to feel that they consume real food.

They need to know more about what they consume regarding to the nutrition facts.

The product itself should taste better. Natural ingredients.

The packaging should be easy to see and check about the nutrition facts

Proposing a solution to create a reliable brand because general thought is sport food is artificial

A sustainable packaging regarding both the use of materials and the amount of materials.

Creating a new product line which is easy to consume any-where anytime.

Well designed brand image and clear graphics regarding to the cons of one of our competitors on the field (aptonia)

A clever solution for the doses.

Needs: Goals:

Method

Product > comparisonsProcess > LCADrinks > PET vs PLABars&gels >Layer vs multilayerBars > Layer vs multilayerGels > no-bio vs bioFeatures > for design, for processingBars > MultilayerConclusionsReferences

PRODUCT AND PROCESS

4 MATERIALSOPPORTUNITIES:

INTRODUCTION

Introduction

Define a methodology Find the principal data which are necessary as a starting point of a possible future LCA

Apply this methodology to different proposed packaging

Show the the possibilities, in terms of materials, for the packaging of each kind of product

METHOD > Goals

...

MATERIAL OPPORTUNITIES4

4-01/30

Introduction

http://www.packaging-films.com http://www.innoviafilms.com

METHOD > Sources

MATERIAL OPPORTUNITIES4

4-02/30

METHOD > Sources

Introduction

http://www.gerosagroup.com http://www.alufoil.org

MATERIAL OPPORTUNITIESD

4-03/30

4

Introduction

http://www.coextrusion.com

METHOD > Sources


4-04/30

4

METHOD > Sources

Introduction

Case studies of LCA(see references in the end)

...tabulated as ranges of values

use of aritmetic average to obtain a single value for each property

uncertainty about the final values of LCAcertainty about the order of magnitude

Definition of the principal phases of the life of some possible examples of packaging,in terms of:

energy consumption CO2 emissions


4-05/30

4

product and process

uncertainty about the final values of LCAcertainty about the order of magnitude

PRODUCT > Comparisons

Biodegradable No - Biodegradabile

Drinks

Gels

VS

Singlelayer Multilayer

Bars

VS


4-06/30

4

product and process

Primary productionof raw material

Transportation Packaging shaping Transportation

PROCESS > LCA

>


4-07/30

4

product and process

Filling operation Transportation Wholesale dealer Shopping

> >

> >

> >

PROCESS > LCA


4-08/30

4

product and process

Consumption

Re-use

Re-cycle

Land fill

Incinerator

Young’s modulus (GPa)

PROCESS > LCA


4-09/30

4

product and process

petroleum derived

Renewable

Land fill

DRINKS > PET vs PLA

PA

tpPVC

PS

PET PLAPMMA

ABSPP

PE

PC

Acetal, POM

PolyurethaneCA

Ionomer

Starch-based thermoplastics

TeflonPTFE

PHAPHB

PEEK

Price (EUR/kg) 1 10 100

0.1

1

10Young’s modulus

(GPa)

Bottle materials: Thermoplastics


4-10/30

4

product and process

PET

PLA


Packaging molding

Filling operation

Transportation (total)

Re-use Re-cycle Land fill IncineratorCO2 EMISSION

[kg CO2/kg

material]

2.335 0.745 NA 0

0

0.4559[Kg/(m^3*km)]

0.9735 - 2.3

2.36O 0.723 NA 0.4427[Kg/(m^3*km)]

(§)

0.99 - 1.85

(§) ref. Madival, Auras, Singh & Narayan

> result depends also on the different densities of the two materials and the thickness of the bottles

PolyEthilene Tereftalete

Polylactide


4-11/30

4

DRINKS > PET vs PLA

product and process

PET

PLA


Packaging molding

Filling operation


Re-use Re-cycle Land fill Incinerator

NA 0

0NA

Polylactide

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

[MJ/kg material]

83.7 9.315 40 - -(23.6)

53 9.09 22 - -(19.3)


> result depends also on the different densities of the two materials and the thick-ness of the bottles

PolyEthilene Tereftalete


4-12/30

4

DRINKS > PET vs PLA

CO2 emissions[Kg CO2/Kg material]

Primary Production

Molding

Recycle

Incinerator

0 0,5 1,5 2,521

PET

PLA

4-13/30

product and process

MATERIAL OPPORTUNITIESD4

MATERIALS > Drinks

PET

PLA

Energy consumption[MJ/Kg material]

Primary Production

Molding

Recycle

Incinerator

-40 -20 20 40 60 80 1000

PET

PLA

4-14/30

product and process


MATERIALS > Drinks

product and processBARS & GELS > Layer vs Multilayer

AIAluminium

EVAEthylenVynilAcetate

PAPolyammide

PEPolyethilene

PP (BOPP-OPP)

PolypropilenePVDCPolyvinylidene Chloride

TP STARCHstarch-based thermoplastic

PLAPolylactide

Barrier to light, moisture and gases.

No incinerator.

Flexibility

Sealing

Adhesive

barrier to oxygen

provides stiffness and aroma preservation

Flexibility

Easy sealing

Puncture resistance

Barrier to moistureand aromas

Good printability

Easy sealing

barrier to oxygen

biodegradable

Rigidity

Barrier to water

Sterilizable

Transparent

barrier to water

biodegradable

LAYER MATERIALS


4-15/30

4

product and process

OU

TER

BARS & GELS > Layer vs Multilayer

AIaluminium


PAPolyammide

PEPolyethilene

PP (BOPP-OPP)



PLAPolylactide

POSSIBLE MULTILAYERS

PP (BOPP-OPP)

Polypropilene

PVDCPolyvinylidene Chloride

PAPolyammide

PEPolyethilene

INN

ER


PEPolyethilene

PVDCPolyvinylidene Chloride

PP (BOPP-OPP)


PEPolyethilene

PEPolyethilene

EVA

EVA

PP (BOPP-OPP)

Polypropilene



PEPolyethilene

PLAPolylactide

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+++

> In these cases, the LCA results strongly depend on the thickness of each layer and the density of the material


4-16/30

4

product and processBARS > Layer vs Multilayer


Polymerextrusion

Filling operation


Re-use Re-cycle Land fill IncineratorCO2 EMISSION

[kg CO2/kg

material]

3.08 0.262 NA 0 1.29 - 3.1

PP (BOPP-OPP)

Polypropilene

PP+PVDC+AI 3.08+

3.95+

12.6

0.262+

0.24+

1.54

NA 0

1.29+

3.31+

1.13

-

3.1+

0.908


4-17/30

4

product and process


Polymerextrusion

Filling operation



BARS > Layer vs Multilayer

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

[MJ/kg material]

92 3.3 NA 0 38.55 - -(45.1)

PP (BOPP-OPP)

Polypropilene

PP+PVDC+AI 92+

104+

220

3.3+

3.1+

19.3

NA 0

38.55+

43.6+

19.75

-

-(45.1)+

-(10.75)


4-18/30

4

product and processSPORT BARS >> > Decathlon


Raw Material

Extrusion

Recycle

Incinerator

0 2 6 8 10 12 144

Al

pvcd

PP

4-19/30


MATERIALS > Bars

product and process

Al

pvcd

PP



Raw Material

Extrusion

Recycle

Incinerator

-100 -50 50 100 150 200 2500

Al

pvcd

PP

4-20/30


MATERIALS > Bars

product and processGELS > No-bio vs bio

CO2 EMISSION

[kg CO2/kg

material]

3.85+

2.05

0.266+

0.20NA 0

1.655+

0.5-

2.32+

3.12

PLA+TP STARCHbiodegradable 2.36

+2.53

0.723+

0.28NA 0

0.99+

1.05-

1.85+

1.63


PA+PEno-biodegradable

0.4427[Kg/(m^3*km)]

(§)+?



Polymerextrusion

Filling operation



4-21/30

4

product and process

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

[MJ/kg material]

GELS > No-bio vs bio

104+

80.9

3.64+

2.52NA 0

43.6+

28-

-(31)+

-(45)

PLA+TP STARCHbiodegradable 53

+52.2

9.09+

3.46NA 0

22+

21.8-

-(19.3)+

-(17)

PA+PEno-biodegradable



Polymerextrusion

Filling operation



4-22/30

4

product and process


Primary production

Extrusion

Recycle

Incinerator

0 0,5 1,5 2 2,5 3 43,5 4,51

PP

pvcd

TPS

4-23/30


SPORT BARS >> > DecathlonMATERIALS > Bars

product and process

PP

pvcd

TPS

Energy consumption[MJ/Kg material]

Primary production

Extrusion

Recycle

Incinerator

0 20 60 80 100 12040

PP

pvcd

TPS

4-24/30


SPORT BARS >> > DecathlonMATERIALS > Bars

FEATURES > For design

PLAPolylactide

AIAluminium

PEPolyethilene

PP (BOPP-OPP)



PAPolyammide

PETPolyethileneterephthalate

Transparent OpaqueTranslucentTranslucent Translucent OpaqueOpaque Optical quality

3.64 701,081.475 0,4335 0,7452,07 2,9

Transparency

Young module(GPa)

Printability Yes YesYesYes Yes YesYes No

Very good transparency, though maybe inherently tinted

Diffuse light is transmitted through the material with the result that images cannot be clearly distinguished

No light passes through

Outstand-ing transpar-ency, (lenses for spectacles)




product and process

4-25/30

4

FEATURES > For processing

PLAPolylactide

AIAluminium

PEPolyethilene

PP (BOPP-OPP)



PAPolyammide

PETPolyethileneterephthalate

1230 1700900 903 12702700 1340

O2 Permeability (cm3*mm)/(m2*day*atm)

8.1 00.03540.151 0.2213 24**

1,344 0,5855

Price(€/Kg)

H2O Permeabilitywater (gr*mm)/(m2*day)

Density(Kg/m3)

UV RadiationRough order of magnitude

durability, at temp. climate

2.54 1.1951.01150.8985 2.865 4,252,635 1,185

32 05979 0.1397 160*

0,886 1,985

Good(Years)

Excellent(Teens of years)

Fair(Months)

Poor(Days/weeks)

Good(Years)

Good(Years)

Fair(Months)

Good(Years)

1100

(*)= data from Novamont bro-chure

(**)=ref. Ioelovich and Figovsky


product and process

4-26/30

4

PLA


0.1

10

1000

O2 Permeability vs Price

Most used materials

BARS > Multilayer

Permeability (O2)[cm .mm/(m .day.

3 2

100

1

0.01

PVDC

PA

PE

EVA

Water vapourtransmission

[gxmm/(m .day)]


product and process

4-27/30

4

H2O Permeability vs Price

BARS > Multilayer

PLA


0.1

10

1000

Most used materials

Water vapourtransmission

[gxmm/(m .day)]2

100

1

0.01

PVDC

PA

PE

EVA

PP


product and process

4-28/30

4

Up to now only a proximate LCA can be done due to the variables still not defined:

The thickness of the packaging: it depends on the density and the barrier properties of the materials

The evaluation of the filling phase and the possibility of a life end in a landfill

CONCLUSIONS

FUTURE GOALS:


product and process

4-29/30

determination of these variables to pave the way for a more detailed LCA.

4

• CES EduPack 2009• Assessment of the environmental profile of PLA, PET and PS clamshell containers using LCA methodology (Madival, Auras, Singh & Narayan 2009)• A LIFE‐CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA) STUDY ON THE VARIOUS RECYCLE ROUTES OF PET BOTTLES (Song, Moon & Hyun, 1999)• Screening life cycle assessment (LCA) of tomato ketchup: a case study (Andersson, Ohlsson& Olsson,1998)• Environmental assessment of biodegradable multilayer film derived from carbohydrate polymers (Vidal,Martınez, Mulet, Gonzalez, Lopez^Mesa, Fowler & Fang 2007)• A study on the comparison of the various waste management scenarios for PET bottles using the life‐cycle assessment (LCA) methodology (Song & Chun Hyun 1999)• Risorse rinnovabili per prodotti ecocompatibili: i biopolimeri (Olivani, 2007)• Life Cycle Assessment of Products and Technologies (Vit symposium 262, 2009)• LCA of biodegradable multilayer film from biopolymers (Garraín, Vidal, Martínez, Franco, Cebrián‐Tarrasón UniversitatJaumeI Castellón, 2007)• Advanced environment friendly materials (Ioelovich , Figovsky , Polymers for advanced technlogy” vol.13 pag. 1112^1115 (2002)• Compostable cutlery and waste management: An LCA approach (Razza, Fieschi, Degli Innocenti & Bastioli,2008)• http://www.innoviafilms.com Innovia films• http://www.packaging‐films.com• http://www.alufoil.org Alufoil• http://www.gerosagroup.com Gerosagroup• http://www.coextrusion.com

REFERENCES


product and process

4-30/30

4


CONCLUSIONS5

5-01/03

Right mix of channels

Disrupt the business model for placing the products

Product opportunities: flavoured energy water, energy biscuits, candies, caramels, jelly beans

Monoportion VS complete portions

Clear informartion

Naural, simple look

LCA/drinks&gels > biodegradable VS no-biodegradable

LCA/bars > single layer VS multilayer

KEY POINTS


PACKAGING

CONCLUSIONS5

5-02/04

SPORT BARS >> > DecathlonCREDITS

CONCLUSIONS

Name Family Name e-mail Country LM Programme Poli Team

Angelica Maria Bello Arias [email protected] Colombia Product-Service-System Design MI A

Alessandro Bombelli [email protected] Italy Aeronautical Engineering MI A

Alessandra Erra [email protected] Italy Management, Economics MI A and Industrial Engineering

Ambra Farris [email protected] Italy Communication Design MI A

Marta Gallo [email protected] Italy Biomedical Engineering TO A

Jose Gabriel Islas Montero [email protected] Mexico Management, Economics MI A and Industrial Engineering

Aldo Duchi [email protected] Italy Mechanical Engineering MI B

Mohammed Woyeso Geda [email protected] Italy Management, Economics TO B and Industrial Engineering

Ekaterina Kim [email protected] Russia Management, Economics MI B and Industrial Engineering

Ece Özdil [email protected] Turkey Product-Service-System Design MI B

Andrea Rongone [email protected] Italy Management, Economics MI B and Industrial Engineering

Paolo Rossi [email protected] Italy Chemical Engineering MI B

STUDENTS: GROUP A + GROUP B


CONCLUSIONS5

5-03/04

CREDITS

Name Family Name Poli

Valeria Bucchetti MI

Erik Ciravegna MI

Barbara Del Curto MI

Sara Sanvito MI

Umberto Tolino MI

Giulio Zotteri TO

TUTORS

Politecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo Da Vinci 3220133 MilanoTel. 02.2399.9793Fax. 02.2399.9795

Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca Degli Abruzzi 2410129 TorinoTel. 011.564.5767Fax. 011.564.5730

ASP


THANK YOU!Group A+B

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