Part 3: Survey data; Useful SPSS tools

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» Entering data from a survey

» Compute a total score and mean score

» Recode variables

» Select cases to analyse

» Analyse separate groups of data

ASK at Brunel (2013) 2

What are the variables?

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 3

Yes No Do you try to minimise your carbon footprint? (please tick one)

What is your gender? (please circle one) Male Female

What is your age?

(please tick one)

18-25

26-35

36-45

46-55

56+

Single response survey questions. Each question is a new variable.

Select ‘ONE’ Response Questions What is your main mode of transport to Uni during the week?

(please tick one)

Car

Bus

Tube

Rail

Walk

Cycle

Other: ____________

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 4

Select ONE response

Participant Gender Age Group Mode CO2

1 Male 36-45 Car No

2 Male 26-35 Tube Yes

3 Female 46-55 Car No

4 Male 18-25 Tube Yes

5 Female 26-35 Rail Yes

Single response survey questions. Each question is a new variable.

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 5

Which mode(s) of transport do you usually take to get to Uni during the week?

(please tick all that apply)

Car

Bus

Tube

Rail

Walk

Cycle

Other: ____________

‘tick all…’ instead of ‘tick one’

Multiple Response Questions

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 6

Multiple response

Participant Transport

1 Car

2 Bus, Tube

3 Car

4 Tube, Rail, Walk

5 Bus, Rail

Can we enter responses like this?

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 7

Multiple response

Participant Transport

1 Car

2 Bus, Tube

3 Car

4 Tube, Rail, Walk

5 Bus, Rail

Can we enter responses like this?

Why not?

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 8

Multiple response

Participant Transport

1 Car

2 Bus, Tube

3 Car

4 Tube, Rail, Walk

5 Bus, Rail

Can we enter responses like this?

Why not?

Only ONE response per cell for statistical analysis

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 9

Participant Car Bus Tube Rail Walk Cycle

1 Yes No No No No No

2 No Yes Yes No No No

3 Yes No No No No No

4 No No Yes Yes Yes No

5 No Yes No Yes No No

Multiple response survey question Each response is a new variable

Multiple response

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 10

Participant Car Bus Tube Rail Walk Cycle

1 Yes No No No No No

2 No Yes Yes No No No

3 Yes No No No No No

4 No No Yes Yes Yes No

5 No Yes No Yes No No

Multiple response survey question Each response is a new variable

Multiple response

Yes = They travel by car No = They do not travel by car

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 11

Participant Car Bus Tube Rail Walk Cycle

1 Yes No No No No No

2 No Yes Yes No No No

3 Yes No No No No No

4 No No Yes Yes Yes No

5 No Yes No Yes No No

Multiple response survey question Each response is a new variable

Multiple response

Yes = They travel by bus No = They do not travel by bus

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 12

» Obtain preferential judgements or opinions.

Rank the following subjects from 1-5 based on how much you like them.

(1 = Favourite, 5 = Least favourite)

History

Science

Math

Writing

IT

Rank in order of importance, from 1-5, the following features when considering

a destination for your holiday.

(1 = Most important)

I’ve never been before

Weather

Surroundings

Cost

Accommodation

These also are multiple response questions

Ranked Response Questions

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 13

Participant Never been Weather Surroundings Cost Accommodation

1 Most Impt 4 2 3 5

2 5 2 3 Most Impt 4

3 5 Most Impt 2 4 3

4 3 4 5 Most Impt 2

5 4 2 Most Impt 5 3

Multiple response survey question Each response is a new variable

Ranked multiple response

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 14

» Obtain preferential judgements or opinions

Likert scale: Level of agreement

Other scales: Level of importance or satisfaction

How important are the following when considering where to live?

Very Important

Important I don’t know Unimportant Very

Unimportant

Cost 1 2 3 4 5

Distance to Uni 1 2 3 4 5

Distance to work 1 2 3 4 5

I feel safe 1 2 3 4 5

(circle one)

Scaled Response Questions

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 15

Participant Cost Dist Uni Dist Work Safety

1 Very Impt Important I don’t know Important

2 Important Very Impt Very Impt Important

3 Unimportant Very Impt Important Very Impt

4 Unimportant I don’t know Important Important

5 Very Impt Important Important Very Impt

Single response survey questions. Each question is a new variable.

Scaled multiple response

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 16

Using the ‘Compute variable’ tool

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 17

Reverse coding or regroup responses

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 18

Select specific cases of the data to analyse

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 19

Analyse groups separately

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 20

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 21

Two methods:

1. ‘Explore’ option 2. Split file, then ‘Frequencies’

option We will use the 2nd method.

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 22

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Use descriptives to summarise the relationship between Annual Income split by Gender

What is your gross annual income? 1

2 Gender (please tick one)

Male

Female

ASK at Brunel (2013) 23

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 24

Categorical Variable

Output for males and females will be

in one table

Separate output tables for males

and females

File must be sorted!

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 25

The file is sorted All females are listed first,

then all males

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 26

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Now get stats for Annual Income • Use ‘Frequencies’ • Output will be split by Gender

ASK at Brunel (2013) 27

Use descriptives to summarise the relationship between Annual Income split by Gender

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 28

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Use descriptives to summarise the relationship between Annual Income split by Gender

Split File Option to Compare Groups

Output for males and females is in one table

ASK at Brunel (2013) 29

Separate output tables for males

and females

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 30

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Use descriptives to summarise the relationship between Annual Income split by Gender

Split File Option to Organise Output by Groups

Separate output table for males and females

ASK at Brunel (2013) 31

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When finished, return the file to normal.

ASK at Brunel (2013) 32

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ASK at Brunel (2013) 33