SputnikSputnikSoviet Union SatelliteSoviet Union Satellite

By By Daniel PradoDaniel Prado & & Natalie GarzaNatalie Garza

Soviets in the lead in the Soviets in the lead in the Space RaceSpace Race

The Soviet Union launched The Soviet Union launched Sputnik,Sputnik, the first the first successful artificial space successful artificial space satellite, on October 4, satellite, on October 4, 1957. As it circled the 1957. As it circled the earth every 96 minutes, earth every 96 minutes, Premier Nikita Khrushchev Premier Nikita Khrushchev boasted that his country boasted that his country would soon be “turning out would soon be “turning out long-range missiles like long-range missiles like sausages.” Unable to let sausages.” Unable to let this challenge go this challenge go unanswered, the United unanswered, the United States began beefing up its States began beefing up its own space program. own space program.

Sputniks MissionSputniks Mission gather information on gather information on

the upper the upper atmosphere. atmosphere.

prove if possible to prove if possible to place artificial place artificial satellites into Earth satellites into Earth orbit. orbit.

pushed the frontiers of pushed the frontiers of science at that time science at that time and ushered in the and ushered in the following decade of following decade of rapid space rapid space exploration exploration

Sputnik over EarthSputnik over Earth

Sputnik 1 was the first spacecraft Sputnik 1 was the first spacecraft launched into orbit and caused an intense launched into orbit and caused an intense worldwide reaction of amazement and worldwide reaction of amazement and alarm. alarm.

The amazement Sputnik 1 made was The amazement Sputnik 1 made was because it was a scientific achievement to because it was a scientific achievement to all mankindall mankind

The alarm created was because of the The alarm created was because of the Soviet Union put it in the sky they could Soviet Union put it in the sky they could now build rockets that could reach farther now build rockets that could reach farther like ICBMslike ICBMs

UUSSAA surpassessurpasses USSR USSRin the in the Space RaceSpace Race

After Sputnik the Us After Sputnik the Us pushed harder into the pushed harder into the space programspace program

President John F. President John F. Kennedy announced Kennedy announced that US space that US space program would be the program would be the first to the moonfirst to the moon

The Soviets space The Soviets space program was falling program was falling behind and behind and desperately wanted to desperately wanted to win the race to the win the race to the moonmoon

The Space Race TimelineThe Space Race Timeline Sputnik 1Sputnik 1 -October 4, 1957-October 4, 1957 first first

successful artificial space satellite, the successful artificial space satellite, the SPACE RACESPACE RACE begins begins

Sputnik 2 -Nov. 3, 1957Sputnik 2 -Nov. 3, 1957 a dog named Laika was first animal and a dog named Laika was first animal and casualty in space casualty in space

Explorer 1-Explorer 1- Jan. 31, 1958.Jan. 31, 1958. first earth satellite first earth satellite Vanguard 2Vanguard 2 -March 17, 1958.second US satellite ran off of solar -March 17, 1958.second US satellite ran off of solar

power for 6 yearspower for 6 years Explorer 3Explorer 3 -March 26, 1958-March 26, 1958 Sputnik 3Sputnik 3 -May 15, 1958-May 15, 1958 Luna 2Luna 2 -Sept. 12, 1959 lunar probe-Sept. 12, 1959 lunar probe Vostok 1Vostok 1 - - April 12, 1961April 12, 1961 first human in first human in

space Yury A. Gagarin space Yury A. Gagarin Ranger 6 -July 28, 1964Ranger 6 -July 28, 1964 took successful moon shots. 4316 took successful moon shots. 4316

television pictures of the lunar surface from altitudes of about television pictures of the lunar surface from altitudes of about 1800 km (about 1120 mi) 1800 km (about 1120 mi)

Blue=American

Red=Soviet Union

The Space Race TimelineThe Space Race Timeline Luna 9Luna 9 -Jan. 31, 1966-Jan. 31, 1966 made the first soft landing on the moon made the first soft landing on the moon Surveyor 1Surveyor 1 -May 30-May 30 sent back to earth 11,150 close-up photographs of sent back to earth 11,150 close-up photographs of

the moonthe moon Apollo 11Apollo 11 -July 16 1968-July 16 1968 Apollo 11 - July 16, 1969Apollo 11 - July 16, 1969 Neil A. Neil A.

Armstrong The first man sets foot on the Armstrong The first man sets foot on the moon on July 20, 1969moon on July 20, 1969. . Maj. Aldrin, Lt. Col. Michael Maj. Aldrin, Lt. Col. Michael Collins also join Armstrong on the moonCollins also join Armstrong on the moon

Apollo 12Apollo 12 -Nov. 14, 1969-Nov. 14, 1969 Apollo 13 -April 11, 1970Apollo 13 -April 11, 1970 Luna 16 –Sept. 12, 1970Luna 16 –Sept. 12, 1970 sent to the moon sent to the moon

landed then came back to USSR to be landed then came back to USSR to be recoveredrecovered

Luna 17Luna 17 Nov. 10, 1970Nov. 10, 1970 lunar-roving vehicle, lunar-roving vehicle, Lunokhod 1Lunokhod 1, equipped , equipped with a television camera and solar batteries. During ten lunar days the with a television camera and solar batteries. During ten lunar days the vehicle, controlled from the earth, traveled 10.5 km (6.5 mi) on the vehicle, controlled from the earth, traveled 10.5 km (6.5 mi) on the moon, relaying television pictures and scientific data.moon, relaying television pictures and scientific data.

Apollo 14 -Jan. 31, 1971Apollo 14 -Jan. 31, 1971 Apollo 15 -July 26, 1971Apollo 15 -July 26, 1971 Apollo 16 - April 16, 1972Apollo 16 - April 16, 1972 Apollo 17 - Dec. 6–19, 1972Apollo 17 - Dec. 6–19, 1972

Interesting FactsInteresting Facts   Both the United States and the Soviet Both the United States and the Soviet

Union had launched rockets into space Union had launched rockets into space before Sputnik, but Sputnik was the first before Sputnik, but Sputnik was the first spacecraft to orbit the Earth.spacecraft to orbit the Earth.

Sputnik weighed a heavy 183 pounds, and took about 98 minutes to orbit the Earth

Sputnik was about the size of a basketball Sputnik means "fellow traveler" in Russian.

VocabularyVocabulary SputnikSputnik - - the first successful artificial space satellite the first successful artificial space satellite ICBMs – intercontinental ballistic missile]ICBMs – intercontinental ballistic missile] Space Race – A race between USA and the Soviet Union toSpace Race – A race between USA and the Soviet Union to

build there space programs build there space programs USSR – Union of Soviet Socialist RepublicsUSSR – Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Sputnik - "fellow traveler“ Cold War –a war between USA & USSR that is not fought on

a battlefield but through spies & information

http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/sputnik/sputnik/

http://history.msfc.nasa.gov/huntsvillehttp://history.msfc.nasa.gov/huntsville http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/

History/sputnik/History/sputnik/ http://www.nlu.edu/~blackburn/http://www.nlu.edu/~blackburn/

holocaust/media.html holocaust/media.html http://www.skyelab.co.uk/RSP.htmhttp://www.skyelab.co.uk/RSP.htm