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2014-2015SUBMITTED TO:DEEPAK SHARMAHOD ELECTRICAL DEPT.

SUBMITTED BY: SRIJAN TRIPATHI11EAYEE049B. Tech. IV Yr., VIII Sem.

SEMINAR presentation ONGEOTHERMAL ENERGY

CONTENT

IntroductionExtraction (Hot Dry Rock)Electricity GenerationDry steam power plantFlash steam power plantBinary cycle power plantGeothermal Energy in IndiaAdvantage and disadvantageConclusion

Introduction

What is Geothermal Energy ?

The deeper you go, the hotter it is !!!

Geothermal energyis the heat from the Earth. It's clean and sustainable. Resources ofgeothermal energyrange from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma.

The simplest models have one injection well and two production wells. Pressurized cold water is sent down the injection well where the hot rocks heat the water up. Then pressurized water of temperatures greater than 900C is brought to the surface and passed near a liquid with a lower boiling temperature, such as an organic liquid like butane. The ensuing steam turns the turbines. Then, the cool water is again injected to be heated. This system does not produce any emissions

HOT DRY ROCK4.

Electricity Generation There are 3 types of power plants:- Dry steam power plant Flash steam power plantBinary cycle power plant

Dry Steam power plant

Dry Steam power plant The oldest type of Geothermal power plant used.Geothermal reservoir containing pure steam is required.Pure dry steam drives turbine.Very rare type of geothermal power plant.Operating at California, Italy, and Japan.

Flash steam power plant

Flash steam power plantCommonly used geothermal power plant.Geothermal reservoirs containing both hot water & steam is required.Pressure changing system is required.They use geothermal reservoirs of water with temperatures greater than 360F (182C).Operating at Hawaii, Nevada, Utah & some other places

Binary cycle power plant

Binary cycle power plantDoes not use steam directly to spin turbines.operate on water at lower temperatures of about 225-360F (107-182C).Only the heat of the underground water is used.Vapourized hydrocarbons are used to spin the turbine.Hydrocarbons having lower boiling point such as isopentane, isobutane and propane can be used.No harmful gas is emitted to the atmosphere because the underground water is never disclosed to outside.Thiss the worldwide accepted power plant.

Geothermal Energy in India

AdvantagesAvailable all the year around.Does not involve any combustion of fuel.Independent of weatherClean Resource Very little emissions or overall environmental impact. Economically Sound Alternative The fuel is free, rate / KWh likely to be competitiveOverall, geothermal energy is a sustainable resource.

DisadvantagesNot widespread source of energyHigh installation costsCan run out of steamMay release harmful gasesTransportationEarthquakes

ConclusionGeothermal heating system can replace fossil fuel heating system in a particular area.Annual costs for common heating purposes can be reduced by more than 60%.Continued energy shortages have created added interest in geothermal energy for power generation.Potential exists to provide all energy requirements in the U.SGeothermal energy appears to be a partial solution to our energy needs.

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