SSCG20, SSCG21 & SSCG22 REVIEW

White Collar Crimes

• Nonviolent crimes by office workers for personal or business gain.

burglary

• When a person breaks into a building and plans to do something illegal inside.

assault

• Placing someone in fear without actual physical contact.

battery

• Harming someone through physical contact, as with a weapon or a fist.

embezzlement

• Stealing money that has been entrusted to one’s care.

Plea bargain

• When a defendant agrees to plead guilty in exchange for a lesser charge or a lighter sentence.

Probable cause

• Good reason to believe that a suspect has been involved in a crime.

warrant

• Legal paper, issued by a court, giving police permission to make an arrest, search, or seizure.

bail

• Money that a defendant gives the court as a kind of promise that he or she will return for the trial.

indictment

• Formal charge against the accused.

arraignment

• Court hearing in which the defendant is formally charged with a crime and enters a plea of guilty, not guilty, or no contest.

parole

• Letting an inmate go free to serve the rest of his or her sentence outside of prison.

Status offender

• Youth who is judged to be beyond the control of his or her parents or guardian.

delinquent

• Juvenile who is found guilty of a crime.

misdemeanor

• A minor crime for which the penalty is often a fine.

felony

• Serious crime for which the penalty can be imprisonment for more than one year.

Crimes against people

• Acts that threaten, hurt, or end a person’s life are which category of crime?

Victimless crimes

• Acts that primarily hurt the people who commit them, such as gambling or drug use.

Crimes against the government

• Treason and terrorism are 2 examples of this type of crime.

Crimes against property

• This category of crime occurs more often than any other crimes. Most involve stealing!

equity

• The use of general rules of fairness, to settle conflicts.

lawsuit

• Case in which the court is asked to settle a dispute

damages

• Money that is paid in an effort to make up for a loss.

injunction

• An order to do or not to do a certain act.

Criminal Law

Criminal or Civil Law?• Protects society by punishing people who

break the law.

Civil Law

Criminal or Civil Law?• Goal is to make a fair settlement and to place

responsibility where it belongs.

Civil Law

Criminal or Civil Law?• Deals with disputes between individuals,

organizations, or between the two.

divorce

• What do most domestic relations cases relate to?

contracts

• Legal agreements between buyers and sellers.

Probate cases

• Civil cases involving disagreements over how to divide up property of a friend or relative who has died.

Property Case

Which type of civil case?

• A car owner sues a repair shop if the car comes back with a new dent.

8th amendment

• Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment? 8th amendment

5th amendment

• Which amendment allows the accused due process (fair treatment), the right to a grand jury, and the right to not be forced to incriminate themselves?

6th amendment

• Which amendment gives the accused the right to a speedy and public trial, the right to a lawyer, and the right to be told what crimes they have been charged with?

Property disputes

• Which of the following is not associated with criminal law?

• Theft, property disputes, robbery, murder

complaint

• A civil lawsuit begins with a ___________, a legal document that charges someone with having caused harm.

answer

• Defendant’s written response to a complaint.

subpoena

• Court order to produce a witness or document.

discovery

• Process of gathering evidence before a trial.

summons

• Order to appear in court

1. Investigation/warrant2. Arrest3. Initial Hearing4. Trial5. Sentencing6. Appeal

Correctly order the steps in a criminal trial.• Appeal• initial hearing• arrest• investigation/warrant• sentencing• trial.

Foreign Policy

• a government’s plan for relating to other nations; this plan outlines the goals it hopes to meet in its relations with other countries.

Foreign Aid

• a program of giving military and economic help to other countries.

diplomacy

• the relations and communications carried out between countries

Summit Meeting

• gathering at which the President talks about important issues related to foreign policy with heads of other governments.

sanctions

• to stop or limit trade with another nation in order to change its behavior

intelligence

• information about another country and what its government plans to do

treaties

• formal agreements between countries that must be followed

aggression

• an attack or threat of attack by another country

Deterrence

• Keeping a strong defense to discourage aggression by other nations.

intoxication

• The _______________ defense argues that since the individual was intoxicated on a toxic substance, he/she should not be fully responsible for the actions committed while under the spell of the substance.

Insanity

• The _______________ defense implies that the individual was not of sane mind when committing the alleged crime and unable to comprehend the consequences of his or her actions.

Self Defense

• Type of defense that involves the act of protecting an individual person or one’s family from harm.

More than 1 million!

• How many lawsuits are filed by Americans every year?

To prevent war and protect the United States.

• What is the main goal of our military?

True

True or False?• Damages make up for past injuries, while

injunctions prevent future harm.

True

True/False?

• Lawsuits often take a long time to settle.

False-They are often very lengthy and expensive!!

True/False?

• Civil trials are often inexpensive.