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BRIEF INTRODUCTION
• Vatican City, Rome
• Basilica Papale di San Pietro / Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano
• marvel of the Renaissance Architecture
• Largest churches in Christendom
• Bramante, Michelangelo, Maderno & Bernini
OLD ST PETER’S BASILICA
• burial site of Saint Peter
• built over St Peter’s shrine
• name of cathedral set to honor his name
• built around 320 AD by Emperor Constantine
• stood the Circus of Nero
• 30 years to completion
• in a bad shape by the end of the 15th century
• underwent major reconstruction & refurbishment but soon turned into demolition and rebuilding
• main structure preserved even till now in the new structure
NEW ST PETER’S BASILICA
• the result after the plan of rebuilding a new structure
• construction underwent for more than a century
• implementation of Renaissance & Baroque architecture
• dome is completed in the first 50 years of construction
• the remains are constructed and completed in the next century
PLAN
• comprises of 3 main structure
• basilica, frontal terrace & the square
• symmetrical balanced alignment
• symbolizes a Latin Cross
• one of the arm slightly longer than the other three
• comprises of the apse, transept and the nave
• aisles are ended by a portico at the east end and an apse across the west end
• Papal Altar ( Baldachin ) forms the form of intersection
BASILICA
DOME
• dome topped with a lantern
• surrounded by windows flanked with Corinthian columns
• highly elaborated with Roman ordered ornaments
• heavy concrete masonry laid with herringbone pattern
PIERS
• 4 solid thick piers to support the dome
• stretches 25 feet down into the foundation of each single pier
• 45 meters height of Corinthian pillars
• supports each side of vaults from the apse, nave and transepts
VAULTS
• series of adjoining arches which form a tunnel - barrel vault
• act as the support of the roof
• Supported by thick buttress walls and abutment
• spread across four arms of the Latin Cross
• highly elaborated with Corinthian pillars
• thick wall to hold the entire structure back
• 13 statues at heights of 6 meters
• axis with Baroque monumental approach
• surrounded by to semi oval colonnades which is 4 columns deep
• Egyptian obelisk marks the center of the piazza
• central external door.• Called the "Navicella
• the northernmost door is the "Holy Door”
• now in bronze
ST PETER’S TREASURY
• contains church ornaments, statues, papal mitres and various objects, usually gifts of kings or princes.
• Corinthian columns • pilasters• thirteen statues (6m)• “Was built during the
pontificate of Pope Paul V Borghese (1605-1621).”
REFERENCES
• Al Pellegrino Cattolico. Via di Porta Angelica, 2009. Web. 15 Sep 2013. <http://www.pellegrinocattolico.com>.
• Bosman, Lex. The Power of Tradition. Hilversum: L. Bosman & Uitgeverij Verloren, 2004. Print.
• "Famous Wonders." Pantheon. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Sep 2013. <http://famouswonders.com/pantheon-in-rome/>.
• Hauser, E.O. "The World's Most Famous Church." Saturday Evening Post. (1949): 16-66. Print.
• Howard, Maurice, and Eloise Howard. N.p.. Web. 05 Sep 2013. <http://saintpetersbasilica.org>.
• Macchi, G. "Diagnosis of the facade of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome." Historical Constructions. (2001): n. page. Web. 15 Sep. 2013. <http://www.civil.uminho.pt>.Marconi, Nicoletta. Rome, Italy. University of Rome Tor Vergata. Technicians and Master Builders for the Dome of St. Peter’s in Vatican in the Eighteenth Century: The Contribution of Nicola Zabaglia (1664-1750). Cottbus: , 2009. Web.