Seminar presentation on

SEP: Stable Election Protocol

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Submitted To:Deepak AgarwalAbhishek Jain

Guided By:Nidhi Gupta(Asst. Prof)CSE

Presented By:Apurva Pareek

Content

Overview: Wireless Sensor Network Application Need of SEP SEP Method Algorithm References Conclusion

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Sensor

Sensor are used to sense the information from the environment and compute, store and transmit ,interested data from the environment in which they deployed.

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Wireless Sensor Network

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of base stations and a number of wireless sensors (nodes).

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Application

Military and national security application

Environment monitoring

Medical application

Nearly anything you can imagine

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Problem

Due to small size a big size battery source can not be embedded into them therefore sensor need an effective mechanism for maximum energy utilization. some amount of energy is consumed during sensing as well as transmission of data. practically this is not possible to replace or recharge batteries of nodes once node are deployed in a field or zone.

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Application…

Great Duck Island

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Method

DTE: Direct Transfer Energy

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sink

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MTE: Minimal Transfer Energy9

sink

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Clustering Hierarchy

In wsn nodes are not always homogeneous they might be heterogeneous which increase network complexity. To increase stability and reduce the energy consumption clustering is key technique in WSN.

Genetic Algorithm

Genetic Algorithm is used to create cluster member, cluster head and next cluster dynamically, which is used to calculate average fitness and increase life time of the network

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Process….12

Population

A population is collection of several chromosomes and the best chromosome is used to generate the next population. Initially the GA starts with a population of predefined number of chromosomes and randomly selected cluster heads. each chromosome is evaluated by GA by calculating its fitness. After evaluating the fitness GA selects best suitable chromosome and then applies crossover and mutation.

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Fitness

The fitness of a chromosome is its ability to pass on its genetic material & also its quality to survive. The fitness of the chromosome is designed to minimize the energy consumption and to increase the network lifetime.

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Selection

Selection is the process of determining which two chromosomes will mate to form a new chromosome.

The chromosomes with higher fitness values have more chances to of matting.

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Crossover

Crossover is a binary genetic operation applied on two chromosomes. Crossover recombines the genetic materials of two parent chromosomes to produce a child chromosome. The results of the crossover depend on the selection procedure.

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Mutation

In mutation the genetic material of individual changes of its own. The mutation adds variations in the next generation.

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Conclusion

It conclude that SEP is most suitable when deal with network lifetime and stability. It found that SEP yields longer stability region for higher values of extra energy brought by more powerful nodes.

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References

G. Smaragdakis and I. Matta, “SEP: A Stable Election protocol for clustered heterogeneous Wireless sensor Networks”, Boston University Computer Science Department, 2004.

Akkaya, K., & Younis, M. (2005). "A survey on routing protocol for wireless sensor networks". Ad hoc Networks 3 , 325-349.

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Thank you

Any Queries???

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