Stages of Spelling Stages of Spelling DevelopmentDevelopment

Stages of Spelling Stages of Spelling DevelopmentDevelopment

How do children learn how to spell?

Concepts of print

Letter-sound correspondence (match)

Spelling within a one-syllable word

Build words with multi-syllables

Word meanings related to spelling

How do children learn how to spell?

• Concepts of print • Letter-sound

correspondence

• Spelling within a word

• Build words with multi-syllables

• Word meanings

1. Emergent:Scribbles>letters & directionality

2. Letter-Name: Alphabetic principle, consonants / short vowels /cons.blends

3. Within-word patterns: long vowel, bossy-r, vowel combinations

4. Syllables & Affixes (Word Endings): plurals, tenses

5. Derivational Relations: relationship btw spelling & meaning, various forms

INVENTED SPELLING…

Spelling < > Reading

1. Emergent: Scribbles >letters & directionality

2. Letter-Name: Alphabetic principle, consonants / short vowels /cons.blends

3. Within-word patterns: long vowel, bossy-r, vowel combinations

4. Syllables & Affixes (Word Endings): plurals, tenses

5. Derivational Relations: relationship btw spelling & meaning, various forms

Emergent ReaderPreK-K

Beginning ReaderK-1

Transitional ReaderGr 2 – 3

Advanced ReaderGr. 4 +

A clarification…

• Letter-Name Alphabetic Spellers tend to spell by the NAME of the letter (Y = why; YN = when; UZ = use) and they often use the uppercase letter– Early (mostly letter names)– Middle > Late (combine names &

sounds)

• Next steps: Focus on the SOUND of the letter and how SOUNDS get combined to form words

Can you match them up?

personable, personality

kit (kite)

runing (running)

lOEO~~OllOAOo~~TD (today)

frend (friend)

Emergent

Early Letter Name

Late Letter Name

Within-Word

Syllables/Affixes

Derivational

How do you know what spelling stage they are

in?

• Look at what patterns they are USING

• Then look at what patterns they are CONFUSING

• The things they are confusing indicates their developmental stage and what you should teach next

LET’S TRY IT OUT

Stages of Spelling Development

• Stage 1: Emergent SpellingUsing:-representational drawing - distinct writing forms- directionality- partial phonetic spelling- names and sight words

Confusing:- Full phonetic spelling

Stages of Spelling Development

Stage 2: Letter Name – Alphabetic Spelling

Early Letter Name Middle-Late Letter Name

Within-word confusions (mostly vowel teams)

represents most salient sounds with beg. consonants

Stages of Spelling Development

Stage 3: Within Word Pattern Spelling Early Within Word

Using: consonant blends, short vowels; Basic sight words

Confusing: Substituting short vowels for ambiguous vowels;Inconsistent with long vowel teamswithin words

Stages of Spelling Development

• Stage 4: Syllables and Affixes Spelling

Using proper spellings of one syllable words - Confusing: Spelling patterns at the syllable break; doubling or droppingLetters; confusing suffixes like “tion” in national

Stage 5: Derivational Relations Spelling

• Root words can help spell words (e.g., favor, challenge, divide, differ) – longer words DERIVED from…

Steps in Determining Student’s Stage of Spelling

Development

• 1. Choose writing samples• 2. Identify misspelled words• 3. Make a spelling analysis chart• 4. Categorize student’s misspellings• 5. Tally the errors• 6. Identify topics for instruction

Spelling Development in Within Word Pattern

Stage(Transitional Readers)

• Vowel patterns (long, r-controlled, w-controlled, l-controlled)

• Dipthongs (Whiners – oo, oy/oi, ow/ou; aw/au)

• Complex Consonants (ck, ch/tch, kn, dge/ge, squ, scr/spr/str)

• Pacing Chart WTW p. 216-217

Today a person at home called us and said that a bomb was in our school and made us go outside and made us wait a half of an hour and it made us waste our time on learning. The end. (Written by Marc in Grade 1)

In what stage of spelling development is Mark?

Letter-Name Alphabetic Within-Word Syllables & Affixes

Other Issues Conclusion: Goals for Word Study Instruction:

1.

2.

3.

4.

Today a person at home called us and said that a bomb was in our school and made us go outside and made us wait a half of an hour and it made us waste our time on learning. The end.

Letter Formationb for dz for s

• Conclusion: Marc spelled 56% of the words correctly and most of his spelling errors were in the letter-name and within-word patterns stages, which is typical of first graders’ spelling.

• What goals for word study instruction? – Letter d (vs. b) and letter s (vs. z)– High-frequency words– CVCe vowel pattern– ed past tense ending

Try it out…Try it out…

Mapping Early Literacy Mapping Early Literacy Writing Samples to Writing Samples to

Developmental Developmental Spelling StagesSpelling Stages

Try it out…Try it out…

Mapping Early Literacy Mapping Early Literacy Writing Samples to Writing Samples to

Developmental Developmental Spelling StagesSpelling Stages

Sample & Stage How do you know?

Where do you go next?

1.

2.

Sample & Stage How do you know? Where do you go next?

1. Der Mrs SLBR I will Ys teth

Middle Letter Name Alphabetic

1. Represents beg & end sounds but not always correct letters

2. Letter names for vowels

3. Spells initial and final sounds and some blends

More modelingPhonics: letter-sound correspondenceSight words: you, yes,

2. Tac You; Good Leic

Middle letter name Alphabetic

1. Beg & end sounds2. Concept of word

(but periods) 3. Invented spelling

leic4. Uses capital and

small letters

No periods – space with finger; letter caps; hearing the middle of words; sight words: give, good, thank

Sample & Stage How do you know?

Where do you go next?

3. Wotid = wantedTAR = thereS backwards -

Early letter name

Sight wordsMostly uppercase

Uppercase and lowercase letters; use any endmark; letter formation

4.Rascules – rascalsPepple – people There – they’re

within word or syllables and affixes

Multisyllablic words Silent letters

Sample & Stage How do you know?

Where do you go next?

5.

6.

Homework• Thursday:

– Bring 3 copies of completed inventory to class (FIRST name only)

– Read Biggam, Ch. 9: Spelling – Text-Based Discussion on Ruby the

Copycat is due