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Tube
127
Contents
Tube introduction ......................................................................................128
Tube tolerances ..........................................................................................129
Welded tube - polished .........................................................................130
Tube Hollow Sections (SHS and RHS) .........................................131
Overview of seamless tube stocks ..................................................133
Seamless instrumentation tube .........................................................134
Seamless general service tube ..........................................................135
Seamless hydraulic tube .........................................................................136
Coiled tubing ................................................................................................138
Seamless heat exchanger tube ...........................................................140
Titanium and zirconium tubing ..........................................................142
U-bent tubes for heat exchangers ...................................................143
Theoretical working pressure for imperial size stainless steel seamless tubing ...............................144
Theoretical working pressure for metric size stainless steel seamless tubing ...................................145
Theoretical bursting pressure for imperial size stainless steel seamless tubing ...............................146
Commonly used material codes and standards .......................147
Pressure conversion table .....................................................................148
Cold bending ................................................................................................149
Allowable OD and ID dimensions to standards for tube, pipe and hollow bar .....................................................................150
Standard gauge table ...............................................................................157
Tube
128
Tube is generally thin wall 0.51 mm to 6 mm thick, specified by the actual O.D. and W.T. but may be specified by any two of OD, I.D. or W.T. Tube is produced as either seamless (hot finished or cold finished), or welded.
The term tube is also applied to non-cylindrical sections, i.e., square (SHS) or rectangular tubing (RHS) and oval - outside dimensions denoted by width and breadth (or height). Tolerances are generally tighter than both hollow bar and pipe depending on applicable product specification.
The tube O.D. (or width/breadth) is constant, irrespective of W.T.
The I.D. of a tube will depend on the W.T. of the tube.
The W.T. remains as specified regardless of the O.D. as a nominated thickness, or commonly a specific wire gauge, e.g. 16 swg = 1.63 mm av according to International Standard Wire Gauge, or 16 bwg = 1.65 mm av according to Birmingham Wire Gauge tables.
If in doubt, always specify at least 2 dimensions required - O.D. , W.T. or I.D. to ensure correct supply.
Tube introduction
O.D
I.D
w
b
t
W.T.
Tube
129
Tube tolerances
Round tubingO.D. , W.T. and ovality tolerances acc. to ASTM A554-10
O.D. W.T. O.D.
(mm) mm mm
1.65 to 3.40 0.25
> 25.4 to 38.1 0.64 to 1.65 0.2
> 25.4 to 38.1 > 1.65 to 3.40 0.25
> 38.1 to 50.8 0.64 to 1.24 0.25
> 38.1 to 50.8 > 1.24 to 2.11 0.28
> 38.1 to 50.8 > 2.11 to 3.78 0.3
> 50.8 to 63.5 0.81 to 1.65 0.3
> 50.8 to 63.5 > 1.65 to 2.77 0.33
> 50.8 to 63.5 > 2.77 to 4.19 0.36
> 63.5 to 88.9 0.81 to 4.19 0.36
> 63.5 to 88.9 > 4.19 0.51
> 88.9 to 127.0 0.89 to 4.19 0.51
> 88.9 to 127.0 > 4.19 0.64
> 127.0 to 190.5 1.24 to 6.35 0.64
> 127.0 to 190.5 > 6.35 0.76
> 190.5 to 406.4 all 0.00125 mm per mm of circumference
Straightness Tolerance 0.85 mm max. per meter.
OvalityOvality is the difference between max. and min. O.D. measured at
any one cross section. The average of the max and min O.D. readings
should be within the O.D. tolerances. Over 127.0 mm O.D. with
wall thickness 3 % of O.D., ovality tol. is max.1.5 % of O.D.
Surface imperfectionsSurface imperfections such as handling marks, straightening marks,
light mandrel and die marks, shallow pits, and scale patterns are
not be considered as serious defects, provided the imperfections are
removable within 10 % of the specified wall or 0.05 mm, whichever
is greater. The removal of surface imperfections is not required,
unless special finishes are specified.
W.T. tolerance all sizes 10% of the specified thickness.
Tube
130
Welded tube - polishedAcc. to ASTM A554-10 and ASTM A269-10/A1016M-08 For decorative and other applications in 6 m lengths
A = Australia Stock = Ex. mill stock or production
Polished ornamental tube (handrail tube) ASTM 304 and T316L Sold in 6 m lengths 320/400 grit polished Satin finish (where noted * also stocked in 600 grit) ASTM A554: for structural and ornamental purposes only (not suitable for hygienic applications) Other options in size, grade or condition available on request Bends available to suit from stockFood grade tube AS 1528 Food grade tube and fittings to match available on request (refer to page 165)
Sandvik 5R10 3R60 3R60ASTM TP 304 T316L T316L
O.D. W.T. O.D. Gauge Mass AWBP AWBP AWABPmm mm inch SWG kg/m A554 A554 A269
12.7 1.2 1/2 18 0.35 A A1.6 16 0.44 A A
15.88 1.2 5/8 18 0.44 1.6 16 0.57 A A
19.05 1.2 3/4 18 0.54 A A 1.6 16 0.70 A A* A
22.2 1.2 7/8 18 0.63 A 1.6 16 0.83 A A
25.4 1.2 1 18 0.73 A A 1.6 16 0.95 A A* A
31.75 1.2 1.1/4 18 0.92 A 1.6 16 1.21 A A* A
38.1 1.2 1.1/2 18 1.24 A 1.6 16 1.46 A A* A
44.45 1.6 1.3/4 16 1.71 A 50.8 1.2 2 18 1.54
1.6 16 1.97 A A* A
2.0 14 2.44 A 63.5 1.2 2.1/2 18 1.93
1.6 16 2.48 A A A
2.0 14 3.08 A 76.2 1.2 3 18 2.32
1.6 16 2.99 A A A
2.0 14 3.72 A 101.6 1.6 4 16 4.12 A A A
2.0 14 4.99 A 127.0 1.6 5 16 4.92 A A
2.0 14 6.16 152.4 1.6 6 16 5.95 A A
2.0 14 7.54 203.2 1.6 8 16 7.95
2.0 14 10.12 A A
254.0 2.0 10 14 12.62 un pol. A un pol.304.8 2.0 12 14 15.2 un pol. A un pol.Other sizes and grades available on request.
TST e.g. TST-316-25.4-1.6-AWBP
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131
Tube Hollow Sections (SHS and RHS)Acc. to ASTM A554-10 Supplied in 6 m lengths Other dimensions and grades available on special request Standard finish polished 180 grit (note: corners not polished).
SHS-P e.g. SHS-P-304-25.4-1.2 RHS-P e.g. RHS-P-316-50-25-3
A = Australia Stock = Ex. mill stock or production
Width Breadth W.T. Mass ASTM
mm mm mm kg/m T304 T316L
12.7 12.7 1.2 0.50 A12.7 12.7 1.6 0.64 A 19.05 19.05 1.2 0.74 A 19.05 19.05 1.6 1.00 A A
22.2 22.2 1.6 1.02 A 25.4 25.4 1.2 0.93 A 25.4 25.4 1.6 1.22 A A
25.0 25.0 3.0 2.22 A A
31.75 31.75 1.2 1.19 A 31.75 31.75 1.6 1.47 A A
38.1 38.1 1.2 1.42 A A
38.1 38.1 1.6 1.76 A A
40.0 40.0 3.0 3.76 A A
50.8 50.8 1.6 2.33 A A
50.0 50.0 3.0 4.65 A A
60.0 60.0 3.0 5.49 A A
75.0 75.0 3.0 6.95 A 80.0 80.0 3.0 7.53 A A
80.0 80.0 5.0 12.40 A100.0 100.0 3.0 9.53 A A
100.0 100.0 5.0 15.38 A A
150.0 150.0 3.0 14.06 A A
150.0 150.0 5.0 22.40 A A
200.0 200.0 6.0 36.90 A
Width Breadth W.T. Mass ASTM
Width Breadth W.T. kg/m T304 T316L
40.0 10.0 2.0 1.50 A40.0 20.0 2.0 1.84 A A
50.0 10.0 2.0 1.84 A50.0 25.0 1.6 1.76 A A
50.0 25.0 3.0 3.46 A A
60.0 40.0 3.0 4.65 A 80.0 40.0 3.0 5.49 A A
100.0 50.0 2.0 4.68 A 100.0 50.0 3.0 6.95 A A
100.0 50.0 5.0 11.24 A A
150.0 50.0 3.0 9.53 A 150.0 100.0 5.0 18.80 A A
200.0 100.0 6.0 27.36 A
Square and Rectangular tubingTolerances acc. to ASTM A554-10
Twist tolerances
Dimension tolerances
Largest outside dimension W.T. Across flats*Accross flats (mm) % mm
31.8 mm incl. 10 % 0.38> 31.8 - 63.5 10 % 0.51> 63.5 - 139.7 10 % 0.76> 139.7 - 203.2 10 % 1.52* Convexity or Concavity included
Largest dimension Max. twist in 1.0 mmm mm / m
< 12.7 1.4
12.7 - 38.1 2.1> 38.1 - 63.5 2.6> 63.5 - 101.6 3.5> 101.6 - 152.4 6.9> 152.4 10.4
Maximum radii of cornersW.T. (mm) Max. radii (mm)
0.51 - 1.24 2.4> 1.24 - 1.65 3.2> 1.65 - 2.11 3.6> 2.11 - 2.42 4.8> 2.42 - 2.77 5.2> 2.77 - 3.4 5.6> 3.4 - 3.96 6.4> 3.96 - 5.08 9.5> 5.08 - 6.35 12.7> 6.35 - 9.53 19.1
Squareness of sidesFormula: B = C x 0.006
where: B = tolerance for out-of-square
C = length of longest side
The straigtness tolerance is 2.1 mm in 1 m using a 1 m straightedge and feeler gauge.
Maximum radii of cornersFor the purpose of this standard (ASTM A554) the corner radius is defined as the Effective Corner Radius (ECR), which is equal to half the difference between the profile width and the width of the flat (excluding the corner radius).
100 mm profile outer width
W.T.6 mm
ECR
SegmentRadius
ECR ECR75 mm width of flat excl. corners
Tube
132
Seamless instrumentation and hydraulic tube
When selecting stainless tube for your hydraulic or instrumentation system, you need to ask some critical questions. For example, how knowledgeable is your supplier about your process? How good are their products? How quickly can they supply the size and grade needed?As a leading worldwide supplier of seamless stainless tube, Sandvik is uniquely equipped to help you address these challenges. Our fully integrated production system ensures quality control throughout the entire manufacturing chain, from our steel melting plant to the finished product. Our quality standards help to ensure the long lifecycle of the tubes we deliver, as well as their traceability.
Whether you are a designer, fabricator, distributor or the actual end-user, Sandvik delivers high-quality products, backed up by laboratory testing, that are consistent from delivery to delivery.
Sandvik also offers one of the widest range of standard straight-length tube sizes and grades from stock.
We offer the quality, range and service to meet ANY application!
Key benefits
Metric and Imperial sizes. Diameters ranging from 3.18 mm to 76.2 mm Wall thickness ranging from 0.89 mm to 5 mm Same day pick up at 5 branches across Australia
(Next day delivery at all 7 branches across Australia)
Dual certified T316 / T316L, 254 SMO Dual certified ASTM A269 and A213 average wall also suitable
for use in heat exchangers and pressure vessels
Guaranteed minimum 2.5% molybdenum content giving excellent corrosion resistance
Dimensional tolerances exceed both ASTM A269 and A213 standards
Guaranteed maximum hardness Rb 80 Bright annealed provides a smoother finish with lower Ra values
resulting in increased corrosion resistance
Tested, proven and approved in the worlds most demanding applications such as Oil and Gas, Nuclear and Petrochemical
Used by the worlds leading fittings supplier for guaranteed fit-up and seal
Call us for Technical, Corrosion and Pressure Calculation assistance!
Tube
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Refer to following pages for more information on the complete Sandvik
seamless tube range
Imperial SizesOutside Wall
diameter thickness
mm mm
3.18 0.89
4.76 0.89
6.35 0.89
6.35 1.24
6.35 1.65
7.94 0.89
9.53 0.89
9.53 1.24
9.53 1.65
12.7 0.89
12.7 1.24
12.7 1.65
12.7 2.11
15.88 1.24
15.88 1.65
19.05 1.24
19.05 1.65
19.05 2.11
19.05 2.77
25.4 1.24
25.4 1.65
25.4 2.11
25.4 2.41
25.4 3.2
31.75*# 1.6
31.75*# 3.2
38.1*# 1.6
38.1*# 3.2
50.8*# 1.6
50.8*# 3.2
76.2*# 3.2
Metric Sizes Outside Wall
diameter thickness
mm mm
6 1
6 1.5
8 1
8 1.5
10 1
10 1.5
12 1
12 1.5
12 2
14 2
15 1.5
16 2
18 1.5
18 2
20 2
20 2.5
22 2
25 2
25 2.5
25 3
28 2
30 3
30 4
35* 3
38* 3
38* 4
38* 5
42* 3
50* 5
If the size you need is not listed above, please give us a call as we are likely to stock, or able to produce, it overseas. Tube production facilities in Sweden, Canada, China, Czech Rebublic, India and USA.
* annealed and pickled finish.# may not be certified to ASTM A-213 and may have standard 316/316L moly content only.
Overview of seamless tube stocksGrades 316L and 254 SMO ex. stock
Tube
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Seamless instrumentation tubeSandvik 3R60 / ASTM 316L with 2.5% min. molybdenum (W 1.4435) Supplied in 6 m lengths
TST e.g. TST-316-25.4-1.65A = Australia Stock
= Stock standard Sweden
Sandvik 3R12 3R60 2RK65 254 SMO SAF 2507 Sanicro 28
ASTM 304L 316L 904L 2507
O.D. W.T. O.D. Gauge (1) Mass UNS S30403 S31603 N08904 S31254 S32750 N08028
mm mm inch kg/m WP bar(2) psi bar(2) psi bar(2) psi bar(2) psi bar(2) psi bar(2) psi
1.59 0.36 1/16 x 28 BWG 0.011 662 95990.51 25 BWG 0.014 961 13935
3.18 0.71 1/8 x 22 BWG 0.044 652 94540.89 20 BWG 0.051 A 834 12093
4.76 0.89 3/16 x 20 BWG 0.086 A 536 77726.35 0.71 1/4 x 22 BWG 0.100 301 4365
0.89 20 BWG 0.122 386 5597 A 386 5597 392 5684 A 521 7548 748 108460.91 20 SWG 0.124 396 5742 396 5742 402 58291.22 18 SWG 0.157 552 8004 552 8004 560 81201.24 18 BWG 0.159 562 8149 A 562 8149 570 8265 1088 157761.63 16 SWG 0.193 759 11006 771 111801.65 16 BWG 0.194 781 11325 A 770 11165 A 1023 14833 1490 21605
7.94 0.89 5/16 x 20 BWG 0.157 A 302 43790.91 20 SWG 0.160 310 4495
9.53 0.89 3/8 x 20 BWG 0.193 248 3596 A 248 3596 252 3654 A 334 4848 480 69600.91 20 SWG 0.196 254 3683 254 3683 258 37411.22 18 SWG 0.254 350 5075 355 5148 362 52491.24 18 BWG 0.257 A 356 5162 361 5235 A 479 6951 689 9990 368 53361.63 16 SWG 0.322 484 7018 491 7120 501 72651.65 16 BWG 0.326 A 490 7105 498 7221 A 659 9561 950 13775 508 73662.03 14 SWG 0.381 619 89762.11 14 BWG 0.391 646 9367
12.7 0.89 1/2 x 20 BWG 0.263 183 2654 A 183 2654 185 2683 354 51330.91 20 SWG 0.268 187 2712 187 2712 190 27551.22 18 SWG 0.350 256 3712 256 3712 264 38281.24 18 BWG 0.356 260 3770 A 260 3770 264 3828 A 351 5085 504 73081.63 16 SWG 0.452 351 5090 351 5090 361 5235 368 53401.65 16 BWG 0.456 355 5148 A 355 5148 361 5235 A 659 9561 688 9976 368 53402.03 14 SWG 0.542 448 6496 455 6598 2.11 14 BWG 0.559 A 468 6786 475 6888 A 862 12503
15.88 1.22 5/8 x 18 SWG 0.448 201 29151.24 18 BWG 0.454 A 205 29731.63 16 SWG 0.582 275 39881.65 16 BWG 0.588 A 278 4031
19.05 1.22 3/4 x 18 SWG 0.544 166 24071.24 18 BWG 0.553 A 169 2451 328 47571.63 16 SWG 0.711 226 32771.65 16 BWG 0.718 A 229 33212.11 14 BWG 0.895 A 298 43212.41 13 BWG 1.00 345 50032.77 12 BWG 1.13 A 403 5844
25.4 1.22 1 x 18 SWG 0.739 123 17841.24 18 BWG 0.750 A 125 18131.65 16 BWG 0.981 A 169 24512.11 14 BWG 1.23 A 219 31762.41 13 BWG 1.39 A 252 36543.20 1.78 A 343 4974
1) Av. wall SWG Standard Wire Gauge, BWG = Birmingham Wire Gauge SAF 2205 and other grades and sizes available on request subject to min. mill requirements.O.D. < 6 mm to ASTM A632.
(2) Max. working pressure at ambient temperature acc. to ASME B31.3 formula
Seamless cold drawn, 1/4 - 1 O.D. incl., dual certified to ASTM A269/A213, ASTM 316/316L, bright annealed, hardness max. Rb 80, 6,000 mm fixed lengths.
Tube
135
Seamless general service tube Annealed and pickled to ASTM A269 Supplied in 6 m lengths
TST e.g. TST-316-38.1-2.0A = Australia Stock
= Ex. mill stock or production
StandardsImperial size
Sandvik 3R12 (ASTM 304L) and Sandvik 3R60 (ASTM 316L)ASTM A213-AW (average wall)
ASTM A269
OD
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136
TST e.g. TST-316-10-1.5A = Australia Stock
= Stock standard Sweden
Seamless hydraulic tubeSandvik 3R60 / ASTM 316L with 2.5% min. Molybdenum (W 1.4435) Supplied in 6 m lengths
Sandvik 3R12 3R60 6R35 5R75
ASTM 304L 316L 321 316 Ti
UNS S30403 S31603 S32109 S31635
O.D. W.T. Mass EN 1.4307 1.4435 1.4541 1.4571
mm mm kg/m WP bar(1) psi bar(1) psi bar(1) psi bar(1) psi
3 0.5 0.03 470 6815 3 0.7 0.04 684 9918 6 1.0 0.125 470 6815 A 470 6815 470 6815 470 6815 1.5 0.169 A 738 10701 738 107018 1.0 0.175 340 4930 A 340 4930 340 4930 340 4930
1.5 0.244 537 7787 A 537 7787 537 7787 537 7787 2.0 0.300 738 10701 738 10701 738 1070110 1.0 0.225 267 3872 A 267 3872 267 3872 267 3872
1.5 0.319 417 6047 A 417 6047 417 6047 417 6047 2.0 0.400 577 8367 577 8367 577 8367 577 836712 1.0 0.275 220 3190 A 220 3190 220 3190 220 3190
1.5 0.394 340 4930 A 340 4930 340 4930 340 4930 2.0 0.500 470 6815 A 470 6815 470 6815 470 681514 1.0 0.325 186 2697 186 2697
1.5 0.469 288 41762.0 0.600 395 5728 A 395 5728 395 5728 395 5728
15 1.0 0.350 173 2509 173 25091.5 0.507 267 3872 A 267 3872 267 3872 267 3872
2.0 0.651 366 5307 366 5307 366 530716 1.0 0.375 162 2349 162 2349
1.5 0.544 249 3611 249 3611 249 36112.0 0.701 340 4930 A 340 4930 340 3611 340 49302.5 0.845 437 6337 414 6004 414 6004
3.0 0.976 514 745518 1.0 0.425 143 2074 143 2074
1.5 0.619 220 3190 A 220 3190 220 3190 220 31902.0 0.801 299 4336 A 299 4336 299 4336 299 43362.5 0.970 437 6337 437 63373.0 0.980 537 7787
20 1.5 0.694 196 2842 196 28422.0 0.901 267 3872 A 267 3872 267 38722.5 1.09 A 340 4930 340 4930 340 49303.0 1.28 417 6047 417 6047
4.0 1.60 577 836722 1.5 0.769 177 2567 177 2567 177 2567 177 2567 2.0 1.00 241 3495 A 241 3495 241 3495 241 349525 1.5 0.882 155 2248
2.0 1.15 210 3045 A 210 3045 210 30452.5 1.41 267 3872 A 267 3872 267 3872
3.0 1.65 326 4727 A 326 4727 326 472728 1.5 0.995 138 2001 138 2001 138 2001 132 1914
2.0 1.30 186 2697 A 186 2697 186 2697 186 2697 2.5 1.60 236 3422 236 3422Sizes up to and including 30 mm O.D. are bright annealed. Sizes larger than 30 mm O.D. are in the annealed and pickled condition.
(1) Max. working pressure at ambient temperature acc. to ASME B31.3 formula
Tube
137
Seamless hydraulic tubeSandvik 3R60 / ASTM 316L with 2.5% min. Molybdenum (W 1.4435) Supplied in 6 m lengths
TST e.g. TST-316-35-2.0A = Australia Stock
= Stock standard Sweden
StandardsSandvik 3R12 (ASTM 304L) and Sandvik 3R60 (ASTM 316L)DIN 17458, TCI
NFA 49-117
ASTM A213-AW (average wall), ASTM A269
PED 97/23/EC
EN10216-5 TCI
OD
Tube
138
Coiled tubingStandard size range
Instrumentation tubing imperial sizes
Steel grades Standards
Hydraulic tubing metric sizesSize W.T. Single coil length * Orbital welded lengthinch inch ft ft1/8 x .020 1,300
x .028 1,300x .035 1,300x .049 1,300
3/16 x .020 1,000x .028 950x .035 750x .049 600
1/4 x .035 1,220 36,551x .049 932 27,864x .065 765 22,903
3/8 x .035 771 23,100x .049 574 17,162x .065 456 13,661x .083 381 11,345
1/2 x .035 564 16,899x .049 413 12,411x .065 325 9,740x .083 266 7,949
5/8 x .035 446 13,313x .049 325 9,711x .065 253 7,565x .083 203 6,112
3/4 x .035 367 10,990x .049 266 7,982x .065 207 6,187
Other sizes and lengths available on request.* Minimum guaranteed length for TP 316/316L.
Size W.T. Single coil length * Orbital welded lengthmm mm m m3.0 x 0.5 400
x 0.75 400x 1.0 400
3.5 x 0.5 400x 0.75 400x 1.0 350x 1.5 280
4.0 x 0.5 350x 0.75 350x 1.0 300x 1.5 230
6.0 x 1.0 362 10,828x 1.2 314 9,399x 1.5 268 8,021
8.0 x 1.0 258 7,734x 1.2 222 6,635x 1.5 185 5,553
10.0 x 1.0 201 6,016x 1.2 171 5,127x 1.5 142 4,246
12.0 x 1.0 164 4,922x 1.2 140 4,177x 1.5 115 3,437
Sizes above 12 mm - please enquire.
Sandvik ASTM TP UNS EN steel no. W.-Nr.3R12 304/ S30400/ 1.4306/ 1.4306/
304L S30403 1.4301 1.43013R60 316/ S31600/ 1.4435 1.4435
316L S316033R65 316/ S31600/ 1.4404 1.4404
316L S316036R35 321/ S32100/ 1.4541/ 1.4541/
321H S32109 1.4940 1.48785R75 316Ti S31635 1.4571 1.45718R40 347/ S34700/ 1.4550/ 1.4550/
347H S34709 1.4912SAF 2205 S31803/ 1.4462 1.4462
S32205SAF 2304 S32304 1.4362 1.4362SAF 2507 S32750 1.4410Sanicro 28 N08028 1.4563 1.4563Sanicro 30 Alloy 800 N08800 1.4558 1.4558Sanicro 41 Alloy 825 N08825 2.4858Sanicro 70 Alloy 600 N06600 2.4816
N04400N02200
Other steel grades may be produced on request.
ASTM: A213, A269, B163, B167, B668, A632, A789, A790
ASME: SA213, SB163, SB167, SB 668, SA789, SA790
NACE: MR 0175
EN: 10216-5 TC1
DIN: 17458 TC1
Eddy Current or hydrostatic test at option of Sandvik.
Ex. mill stock or production
Tube
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Tube
140
Seamless heat exchanger tube
Make the right choiceCompared to a complete plant, the cost of a heat exchanger is relatively low. However, reliability can have a significant impact on operating costs.
For this reason, its vital that fabricators and end users have access to seamless tubes developed and produced for specific service conditions. This requires that suppliers provide a range of tube grades and flexibility in production processes that meet specific requirements.
Thats why many choose Sandvik stainless steel tubes. Our extensive experience in the production of special stainless steels and tubes, our flexibility in raw material sourcing, our willingness and ability to find materials solutions result in special steel grades with
chemical compositions tailored to specific applications, customers, markets or country requirements.
Our tubes are suitable for all types of heat exchangers: coolers, condensers, evaporators, preheaters, reheaters, reboilers, steam generators and air coolers.
Extreme conditions can be handled by developing competitive and innovative solutions through close cooperation with our customers. Together, we can achieve lower operating costs and increase long-term operating reliability.
Sandviks assets are many: Product delivery and advanced communication systems. Strategic production locations worldwide. Sophisticated plant programming capabilities that ensure reliable and efficient product supply. Advanced logistics that provide global distribution.
A wide range of complementary products
The Sandvik heat exchanger tubes supply package includes standard stainless steel and special grade complementary products. These are: welded tubes, sheet and plate, tube fittings for butt welding and socket welding, threaded joints and flanges.
Ex. mill stock or production
Tube
141
Seamless heat exchanger tube
Grades, standards and size range
Our main size range, produced in imperial and metric dimensions ranges from 12 mm up to 40 mm outside diameter. Special sizes can be made to order. Tubes are supplied in straight lengths up to 30 meters, or as U-bends. In the table below, you can find the most common standards and grades for heat exchangers.
Sandvik has an extensive manufacturing program for seamless heat exchanger tubes covering most types of standard austenitic, duplex (austenitic-ferritic) and high alloy austenitic stainless steels as well as titanium and zirconium.
Product standards
Sandvik American standards European standards
Grade ASTM ASME EN DIN/VD TV AFNOR SS
DuplexSAF 2707 HD A-789 SA-789
SAF 2507 A-789 SA-789 10216-5 VD TV Blatt 508
SAF 2205 A-789 SA-789 10216-5 VD TV Blatt 418 NFA 49-217
SAF 2304 A-789 SA-789 10216-5
3RE60 A-789 SA-789 NFA 49-217
Ni-Alloy254 SMO A-213 A-269 10216-5
2RK65 A-269 SB-677 10216-5 VD TV Blatt 421 NFA 49-217 219711 219713
Sanicro 28 B-668 SB-668 10216-5 VD TV Blatt 483
Sanicro 30 B-163 B-407 SB-163 SB-407 10216-5
Sanicro 41 B-163 B-423 SB-163 SB-423
Sanicro 69 B-163 B-167 SB-163 SB-167
Sanicro 70 B-163 B-167 SB-163 SB-167 VD TV Blatt 305
Austenitic3R12 (ASTM 304L) A-213 A-269 SA-213 10216-5 DIN 17458 NFA 49-217 219711 219713
3R19 (ASTM 304LN) A-213
6R35 (ASTM 321) A-213 A-269 SA-213 10216-5 DIN 17458 NFA 49-217 219711 219713
3R60 (ASTM 316L) A-213 A-269 SA-213 10216-5 DIN 17458 NFA 49-217 219711 219713
3R64 (ASTM 317L) A-213 SA-213 219711 219713
3R65 (ASTM316 / 316L) A-213 A-269 SA-213 10216-5 DIN 17458 NFA 49-217 219711 219713
5R75 (ASTM 316Ti) A-213 10216-5 DIN 17458 NFA 49-117 219711 219713
8R40 (ASTM 347) A-213 SA-213 10216-5 DIN 17458 219711 219713
Ex. mill stock or production
Tube
142
Titanium and zirconium tubing
In environments where not even the best stainless steels meet the corrosion resistance requirements, titanium and zirconium can be used.
The manufacture of seamless titanium and zirconium heat exchanger tubes at Sandviken, Sweden, is carried out through a completely integrated process. It starts with melting of raw materials in high vacuum furnaces and ends with the finished seamless tubes. The manufacturing process is specially designed to work with non-ferrous metals like titanium and zirconium.
The Sandvik group has been the worlds largest independent manufacturer of seamless zirconium and titanium tubing for over 40 years, supplying to a wide range of industries including chemical, petrochemical, aerospace and nuclear.
TitaniumTitanium has a unique set of properties that makes it suitable for a variety of applications. It has a high environmental resistance, relying primarily on a very thin, tenacious and highly protective surface oxide film.
Titanium is highly resistant to wet chlorine chemicals, practically all salt solutions,
seawater, a range of acids, organic and inorganic chemicals and gases. The same oxide film provides a high resistance to erosion in high velocity process streams. The corrosion and erosion resistance makes titanium a preferred heat transfer material for shell/tube heat exchangers, since it permits the use of thin heat transfer walls and high fluid flow rates. In addition, titanium
has only half the weight of steel. It is non-magnetic and is characterized by a high melting point, high strength-to-weight ratio and a low modulus of elasticity.
Available Sandvik ASTM/ASME defined grades: 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 11, 12, 16, 17, 26, 28.Other grades can be offered on request.
The range of dimensions cover outside diameters from 8 mm up to 40 mm and 16 meters with certain OD/L and OD/Wt limitations
All tubing can be supplied as straight lengths or as U-tubes.
Non-destructive testing facilities include ultrasonic testing, Eddy Current testing and hydropressure testing.
Tubes are normally supplied as cold pilgered, vacuum annealed and cleaned with the OD in the as polished condition.
ZirconiumZirconium is highly resistant to a wide range of acids and bases, both organic and inorganic, which makes it an interesting and exceptional long life alternative to other materials in highly demanding applications. The seamless tube zirconium grade, produced for heat exchanger applications, is Sandvik Zirconium 702*, which offers the process industry a high quality and competitive product concept.
* As per ASTM/ASME B, SB523 or equivalent.
Ex. mill stock or production
Tube
143
U-bent tubes for heat exchangers
Sandvik is one of the worlds leading suppliers of U-bent tubes. U-bends are manufactured from Sandvik precision straight tubes and are produced by the cold-pilgering method with a bright annealed surface. Production is strictly controlled, step-by-step, in order to fulfill all the technical demands from our customers.
Description of U-benda......... difference in length of legs
c......... distance between points of tangency
da....... nominal outside diameter of tube
e......... distance between legs measured on OD
f......... distance between legs
l......... leg length
lg........ developed length
rm....... nominal bend radius
s......... nominal wall thickness
smin.... minimum wall thickness at the back of the bend
t......... deviation from plane of the bend
s0....... minimum wall thickness defined by specification
Heat treatmentIf specified, we are equipped to carry out heat treatment of bends plus min. 150 mm of leg.
Furnace is computer controlled and all data is recorded.
We use an argon protective atmosphere inside the tubes.
We can provide all types of annealing: solution, stress relieving or stabilization
Technical parametersOD 12.7-38 mm
Bending radii from 1.5xOD up to 1250 mm. Minimum bending radii for ODs over 28 mm after agreement.
Leg length min. 1,000 mm
Leg length max. 12,000 mm
Heat treatment for radii up to 1,000 mm
Technical standards for bendingSandvik standard specification 7-2-1179
DIN 28179, TEMA RCB 2.31
Other specifications or special requirements available upon request. Copies of common standard specifications are available on request.
U-bend definitions
Hydrotesting After heat treatment all U-tubes are hydrotested.
Minimum holding time at the required pressure is 5 sec.
All tubes are dried and carefully cleaned after testing.
Measuring, cutting, deburring, cleaning U-bends are measured exactly in accordance with relevant stan-
dards, or to customers specification.
All tubes are cut to the specified leg lengths, ends are deburred and the tubes are internally cleaned with air.
Before packing, both ends are capped with plastic caps.
Packing In strong, open or closed, wooden boxes depending on destina-
tion - max. 8,000 kg.
Ends of tubes protected by plastic caps.
Vertical separators for each radius.
Chloride free plastic separators between each row, every 2 meters.
Each bundle is covered with plastic.
Customers can provide a packing drawing or Sandvik can prepare a packing plan.
Packing lists, covered with plastic, are placed on each wooden box for easy identification of order details including exact list of radii and lengths inside.
Ex. mill production
Tube
144
Working pressure tube at ambient temperature Pressures in psi
Theoretical working pressure for imperial size stainless steel seamless tubing
T304, T316 seamless tube to ASTM A269 between -20 F and 100F (ambient)
Based on ASME B31.3 formula:
P = (2tminS)/(OD-(2Ytmin))
P = Internal pressure (psi)
tmin = Min wall thickness (in)
S = Allowable stress (psi)
OD = Nominal outside diameter (in)
Y = Coefficient 0.4 allowing S 20,000 psi UTS
O.D. O.D. Gauge 25 swg
22 swg
20 bwg
20 swg
18 swg
18 bwg
16 swg
16 bwg
14 swg
14 bwg
13 bwg
12 swg
12 bwg
11 bwg
- 10 swg
10 bwg
mm in mm 0.51 0.71 0.89 0.91 1.22 1.24 1.63 1.65 2.03 2.11 2.41 2.64 2.77 3.05 3.2 3.25 3.4
inch 0.020 0.028 0.035 0.036 0.048 0.049 0.064 0.065 0.080 0.083 0.095 0.104 0.109 0.120 0.126 0.128 0.134
1.59 1/16 14701
3.18 1/8 6267 9260 12286 12644 18863 19313
4.76 3/16 3982 5755 7471 7669 10955 11182
6.35 1/4 2918 4175 5367 5503 7719 7869 10983 11153
7.94 5/16 2303 3276 4914 5058 7545 7725 8355 8478
9.53 3/8 1902 2695 3907 4016 5855 5984 6741 6837 8736
12.7 1/2 1411 1990 2771 2844 4043 4125 4863 4930 6231
15.88 5/8 1187 1670 2113 2163 2948 2999 4027 4081 5128 5354
19.05 3/4 985 1383 1747 1788 2430 2472 3307 3350 4194 4375 5067 5611 5924 6610 6986 7112
22.23 7/8 842 1180 1489 1524 2067 2102 2805 2841 3547 3699 4275 4725 4984 5550 5858 5962 6275
25.4 1 735 1029 1298 1328 1798 1829 2435 2467 3074 3203 3696 4081 4301 4782 5044 5132 5397
28.58 1 1/8 652 913 1150 1176 1591 1618 2152 2179 2712 2825 3256 3591 3783 4201 4428 4504 4734
31.75 1 1/4 586 820 1032 1056 1427 1451 1927 1952 2426 2527 2909 3207 3376 3746 3947 4014 4216
34.93 1 3/8 744 936 958 1294 1316 1745 1768 2195 2285 2629 2896 3049 3380 3559 3619 3801
38.1 1 1/2 681 857 877 1183 1203 1595 1615 2004 2086 2399 2641 2779 3079 3241 3296 3460
42 1.654 776 794 1071 1089 1442 1460 1810 1884 2165 2383 2507 2776 2921 2970 3116
44.45 1 3/4 733 749 1010 1027 1360 1377 1706 1776 2040 2245 2361 2614 2750 2796 2933
50.8 2 640 654 882 896 1186 1200 1486 1547 1775 1952 2053 2270 2388 2427 2546
57.15 2 1/4 568 581 782 795 1051 1064 1316 1370 1571 1727 1815 2007 2110 2145 2249
63.5 2 1/2 510 522 702 714 943 955 1181 1229 1409 1548 1627 1798 1890 1921 2014
69.85 2 3/4 463 474 638 648 856 867 1071 1114 1277 1403 1474 1629 1712 1740 1823
76.2 3 424 434 584 594 783 793 980 1019 1168 1283 1348 1489 1564 1590 1666
101.6 4 585 592 731 760 870 955 1003 1107 1163 1182 1238
Imperial
Tube
145
Theoretical working pressure for metric size stainless steel seamless tubing
T304, T316 seamless tube to ASTM A269 between -20 F and 100F (ambient)
Based on ASME B31.3 formula:
P = (2tminS)/(OD-(2Ytmin))
P = Internal pressure (psi)
tmin = Min wall thickness (in)
S = Allowable stress (psi)
OD = Nominal outside diameter (in)
Y = Coefficient 0.4 allowing S 20,000 psi UTS
O.D. O.D. Wall thickness mm and inch
0.50 0.75 1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8
mm inch 0.020 0.030 0.039 0.047 0.059 0.079 0.098 0.118 0.157 0.197 0.236 0.315
3.0 0.1181 6538 10625 15455
3.5 0.1378 5484 8793 12593 22174
4.0 0.1575 4722 7500 10625 18214
6.0 0.2362 6538 8095 10625
8.0 0.3150 4722 5795 7500 10625
10.0 0.3937 3696 4513 5795 8095
12.0 0.4724 3214 3913 5000 6923
14.0 0.5512 2727 3313 4219 5806
15.0 0.5906 2535 3077 3913 5373
16.0 0.6299 2368 2872 3649 5000 6429 7941
18.0 0.7087 2093 2535 3214 4390 5625 6923
20.0 0.7874 1875 2269 2872 3913 5000 6136 8571
22.0 0.8661 1698 2053 2596 3529 4500 5510 7660
25.0 0.9843 1488 1797 2269 3077 3913 4779 6606
28.0 1.1024 1324 1598 2015 2727 3462 4219 5806
30.0 1.1811 1233 1488 1875 2535 3214 3913 5373 6923 8571 12203
35.0 1.3780 1053 1269 1598 2156 2727 3313 4528 5806 7152 10070
38.0 1.4961 968 1166 1467 1978 2500 3034 4138 5294 6506 9114
42.0 1.6535 874 1053 1324 1782 2250 2727 3711 4737 5806 8090
50.0 1.9685 732 881 1107 1488 1875 2269 3077 3913 4779 6606
MetricWorking pressure tube at ambient temperature Pressures in psi
Tube
146
Theoretical bursting pressure for imperial size stainless steel seamless tubing
Pressures in psi
The information presented above are typical or average values and are not a guarantee of maximum or minimum values.
ASTM 304 and 316 tubing to ASTM A269 based on 75,000 psi Tensile Strength
Conversion factors 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2
1 MPa = 145.04 psi
1 psi = 0.007 MPa
1 Kg f/mm2 = 9.807 MPa
1 Kg f/mm2 = 1422.34 psi
1 bar = 14.5 psi
1 bar = 0.1 MPa
1 MPa = 1000 KPa
Welded annealed tube: use 0.8 weld joint factor
Bursting pressures
P = 2 x S x t
D
P = Pressure Rating (psi or MPa)
S = Minimum Tensile Strength (psi or MPa)
t = Wall Thickness (inch or mm)
D = Outside Diameter (inch or mm)
Wall thickness
Gauge 25 Swg 22 Swg 20 Bwg 18 Bwg 16 Bwg 14 Bwg 13 Bwg 12 Bwg 11 Bwg
Inch 0.020 0.028 0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.12 0.156 0.188 0.25 0.313 0.375 0.5
O.D.
Inches
1/8 24000 33600 42000 58800
3/16 16000 22400 28000 39200 52000
1/4 12000 16800 21000 29400 39000 49800 57000
5/16 9600 13440 16800 23520 31200 39840 45600
3/8 8000 11200 14000 19600 26000 33200 38000 43600 48000
1/2 6000 8400 10500 14700 19500 24900 28500 32700 36000
5/8 4800 6720 8400 11760 15600 19920 22800 26160 28800 37440 45120
3/4 4000 5600 7000 9800 13000 16600 19000 21800 24000 31200 37600
7/8 3429 4800 6000 8400 11143 14229 16286 18686 20571 26743
1 3000 4200 5250 7350 9750 12450 14250 16350 18000 23400 28200
1.1/8 2667 3733 4667 6533 8667 11067 12667 14533 16000 20800 25067 33333
1.1/4 2400 3360 4200 5880 7800 9960 11400 13080 14400 18720 22560 30000
1.3/8 3055 3818 5345 7091 9055 10364 11891 13091 17018 20509 27273
1.1/2 2800 3500 4900 6500 8300 9500 10900 12000 15600 18800 25000
1.3/4 3000 4200 5571 7114 8143 9343 10286 13371 16114 21429
2 2625 3675 4875 6225 7125 8175 9000 11700 14100 18750 23475 28125 37500
2.1/4 2333 3267 4333 5533 6333 7267 8000 10400 12533 16667 20867 25000 33333
2.1/2 2100 2940 3900 4980 5700 6540 7200 9360 11280 15000 18780 22500 30000
2.3/4 1909 2673 3545 4527 5182 5945 6545 8509 10255 13636 17073 20455 27273
3 1750 2450 3250 4150 4750 5450 6000 7800 9400 12500 15650 18750 25000
3.1/4 3000 3831 4385 5031 5538 7200 8677 11538 14446 17308 23077
3.1/2 2786 3557 4071 4671 5143 6686 8057 10714 13414 16071 21429
3.3/4 2600 3320 3800 4360 4800 6240 7520 10000 12520 15000 20000
4 2438 3113 3563 4088 4500 5850 7050 9375 11738 14063 18750
6 1625 2075 2375 2725 3000 3900 4700 6250 7825 9375 12500
8 1219 1556 1781 2044 2250 2925 3525 4688 5869 7031 9375
10 975 1245 1425 1635 1800 2340 2820 3750 4695 5625 7500
12 813 1038 1188 1363 1500 1950 2350 3125 3913 4688 6250
Tube
147
Commonly used material codes and standards
Requirements for material properties, heat treatment, form, or quality, including manufacturing and controlling limits, are covered by specifications such as ASTM, ASME, EN, DIN, BS, JIS, etc
The following listed specifcations are for reference information only. The latest dated edition will normally apply (including any amendments), and the appropriate document should always be referenced in all materials enquiries to ensure correct supply.
ASTM Tube and pipe - stainless steel Designation Standard Specification forA213/A213M-10a Seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy-steel boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger tubes
A249 / A249M Welded austenitic steel boiler, superheater, heat-exchanger, and condenser tubes
A269 / A269M Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel tubing for general service
A270/A270M-10 Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel sanitary tubing
A450/A450M General requirements for carbon, ferritic alloy and austenitic alloy steel tubes.
A511/A511M-08 Seamless stainless steel mechanical tubing
A554-10 Welded stainless steel mechanical tubing
A632-04(2009) Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel tubing (small-diameter) for general service
A688/A688M-10 Welded austenitic stainless steel feedwater heater tubes
A778-01(2009)e1 Welded, unannealed austenitic stainless steel tubular products
A789/A789M-10a Seamless and welded ferritic/austenitic stainless steel tubing for general service
A791/A791M Welded unannealed ferritic stainless steel tubing.
A803/A803M-10 Welded ferritic stainless steel feedwater heater tubes
A908-03(2008)e1 Stainless steel needle tubing
A1012-10 Smls and wld ferritic, austenitic and duplex alloy steel condenser and heat exch tubes with integral fins
A1016/A1016M-10 General requirements for ferritic alloy steel, austenitic alloy steel, and stainless steel tubes
ASTM B674 UNS N08904 welded tube.
ASTM B677 UNS N08904 seamless pipe and tube
EN (Europaisch Norm or Euopean Number)EN 10217-7 Welded tubes for pressure purposes - stainless steels
EN 10296-2 Welded steel tubes for construction purposes - stainless steels
AS1163 Structural steel hollow sections (dimensional tolerances).
AS1528 Part 1 Tubes (stainless steel) for the food industry.
Tube
148
Pressure conversion tableMetric/imperial
Note: PSI X .0068948 = Megapascals (MPa) = meganewton/metre2
PSI X .070307 = Kilogram-force per squre centimetrePSI X .0690 = Bars
PSI X .0680 = Atmospheres
psi MPa kg/cm2 Bars Atmosphere5200 35.85 365.60 358.80 353.605300 36.54 372.63 365.70 360.405400 37.23 379.66 372.60 367.205500 37.92 386.69 379.50 374.005600 38.61 393.72 386.40 380.805700 39.30 400.75 393.30 387.605800 39.99 407.78 400.20 394.405900 40.68 414.81 407.10 401.206000 41.37 421.84 414.00 408.006100 42.06 428.87 420.90 414.806200 42.75 435.90 427.80 421.606300 43.44 442.93 434.70 428.406400 44.13 449.96 441.60 435.206500 44.82 457.00 448.50 442.006600 45.51 464.03 455.40 448.806700 46.20 471.06 462.30 455.606800 46.88 478.09 469.20 462.406900 47.57 485.12 476.10 469.207000 48.26 492.15 483.00 476.007100 48.95 499.18 489.90 482.807200 49.64 506.21 496.80 489.607300 50.33 513.24 503.70 496.407400 51.02 520.27 510.60 503.207500 51.71 527.30 517.50 510.007600 52.40 534.33 524.40 516.807700 53.09 541.36 531.30 523.607800 53.78 548.39 538.20 530.407900 54.47 555.42 545.10 537.208000 55.16 562.46 552.00 544.008100 55.85 569.49 558.90 550.808200 56.54 576.52 565.80 557.608300 57.23 583.55 572.70 564.408400 57.92 590.58 579.60 571.208500 58.61 597.61 586.50 578.008600 59.30 604.64 593.40 584.808700 59.98 611.67 600.30 591.608800 60.67 618.70 607.20 598.408900 61.36 625.73 614.10 605.209000 62.05 632.76 621.00 612.009100 62.74 639.79 627.90 618.809200 63.43 646.82 634.80 625.609300 64.12 653.86 641.70 632.409400 64.81 660.89 648.60 639.209500 65.50 667.92 655.50 646.009600 66.19 674.95 662.40 652.809700 66.88 681.98 669.30 659.609800 67.57 689.01 676.20 666.409900 68.26 696.04 683.10 673.2010000 68.95 703.07 690.00 680.0011000 75.84 773.38 759.00 748.0012000 82.74 843.68 828.00 816.0013000 89.63 913.99 897.00 884.0014000 96.53 984.30 966.00 952.0015000 103.42 1054.60 1035.00 1020.00
psi MPa kg/cm2 Bars Atmosphere25 .17 1.76 1.72 1.7050 .34 3.52 3.45 3.4075 .52 5.27 5.18 5.10100 .69 7.03 6.90 6.80200 1.38 14.06 13.80 13.60300 2.07 21.09 20.70 20.40400 2.76 28.12 27.60 27.20500 3.45 33.15 34.50 34.00600 4.14 42.18 41.40 40.80700 4.83 49.21 48.30 47.60800 5.52 56.24 55.20 54.40900 6.20 63.28 62.10 61.201000 6.90 70.31 69.00 68.001100 7.58 77.34 75.90 74.801200 8.27 84.37 82.80 61.601300 8.96 91.40 89.70 88.401400 9.65 98.43 96.60 95.201500 10.34 105.46 103.50 102.001600 11.03 112.49 110.40 108.801700 11.72 119.52 117.30 115.601800 12.41 126.55 124.20 122.401900 13.10 133.58 131.10 129.202000 13.79 140.61 138.00 136.002100 14.48 147.64 144.90 142.802200 15.17 154.68 151.80 149.602300 15.86 161.71 158.70 156.402400 16.55 168.74 165.60 163.202500 17.24 175.77 172.50 170.002600 17.93 182.80 179.40 176.802700 18.62 189.83 186.30 183.602800 19.30 196.86 193.20 190.402900 19.99 203.89 200.10 197.203000 20.68 210.92 207.00 204.003100 21.37 217.95 213.90 210.803200 22.06 224.98 220.80 217.603300 22.75 232.01 227.70 224.403400 23.44 239.04 234.60 231.203500 24.13 246.07 241.50 238.003600 24.82 253.10 248.40 244.803700 25.51 260.14 255.30 251.603800 26.20 267.17 262.20 258.403900 26.89 274.20 26.109 265.204000 27.58 281.23 276.00 272.004100 28.27 288.26 282.90 278.804200 28.96 295.29 289.80 285.604300 29.65 302.32 296.70 292.404400 30.34 309.35 303.60 299.204500 31.03 316.38 310.50 306.004600 31.72 323.41 317.40 312.804700 32.41 330.44 324.30 319.604800 33.10 337.47 331.20 326.404900 33.78 344.50 338.10 333.205000 34.47 351.54 345.00 340.005100 35.16 358.57 351.90 346.80
Tube
149
Seamless hydraulic tube and the minimum radius permitted for these tubes.
Calculation of reduction in wall thickness due to bending to be considered along with bursting pressure.
Cold bending - wall thinning and minimum radiusDifferent techniques do exist and the results may vary depending on the method used.
The reduction of wall thickness can be estimated by the following formula:
Where
tmin is the thinnest wall in the bent section
tt is the thinnest tube thickness allowed according to tolerances
R is the radius
OD is outer diameter
The smallest possible bending radius to avoid the risk for cracking can be estimated by following formula:
Where A5 is the minimum elongation value.
Austenitic stainless steel often has a minimum value of 35-45%, while duplex (ferritic austentic) is often a minimum 25% and ferritic stainless steel is often down to minimum 15%.
Cold bending without a mandrel allows the tube section to become oval, which often means a smaller radius can be bent than that which the formula indicates. A tight radius increases the ovality, which in turn reduces the cross-section. That results in an increased pressure drop, which may affect the process.
Cold bendingWall thinning and minimum bending radius
tmin = tt + 2R2R + OD)
Rmin = OD x 1002 x A5
Definition Ovality = ODmax - ODminOD
Tube
150
Nom. Nom Nom. Max. Min. Max. Min Weight Product Types Finishmm mm mm mm mm mm mmO.D. I.D. W.T. OD OD ID ID kg/m1.59 0.87 0.36 1.64 1.59 0.87 0.82 0.011 Tube S BA1.59 0.57 0.51 1.64 1.59 0.57 0.52 0.014 Tube S BA3.00 2.00 0.50 3.08 3.00 2.00 1.92 0.03 Tube S BA3.00 1.60 0.70 3.08 3.00 1.60 1.52 0.04 Tube S BA3.18 1.76 0.71 3.26 3.18 1.76 1.68 0.044 Tube S BA3.18 1.40 0.89 3.26 3.18 1.40 1.32 0.051 Tube S BA4.00 2.00 1.00 4.08 4.00 2.00 1.92 0.06 Tube S BA4.76 2.98 0.89 4.86 4.76 2.98 2.88 0.086 Tube S BA6.00 4.00 1.00 6.10 6.00 4.00 3.90 0.13 Tube S BA6.00 3.00 1.50 6.10 6.00 3.00 2.90 0.17 Tube S BA6.35 4.93 0.71 6.43 6.27 5.00 4.86 0.1 Tube S BA6.35 4.57 0.89 6.43 6.27 4.66 4.48 0.122 Tube S BA6.35 4.53 0.91 6.43 6.27 4.62 4.44 0.124 Tube S BA6.35 3.91 1.22 6.43 6.27 4.03 3.79 0.157 Tube S BA6.35 3.87 1.24 6.43 6.27 3.99 3.75 0.159 Tube S BA6.35 3.09 1.63 6.43 6.27 3.25 2.93 0.193 Tube S BA6.35 3.05 1.65 6.43 6.27 3.22 2.89 0.194 Tube S BA7.94 6.16 0.89 8.02 7.86 6.25 6.07 0.157 Tube S BA7.94 6.12 0.91 8.02 7.86 6.21 6.03 0.16 Tube S BA8.00 6.00 1.00 8.08 7.92 6.10 5.90 0.18 Tube S BA8.00 5.00 1.50 8.08 7.92 5.15 4.85 0.24 Tube S BA8.00 4.00 2.00 8.08 7.92 4.20 3.80 0.3 Tube S BA9.53 7.75 0.89 9.61 9.45 7.83 7.66 0.193 Tube S BA9.53 7.71 0.91 9.61 9.45 7.80 7.61 0.196 Tube S BA9.53 7.09 1.22 9.61 9.45 7.21 6.96 0.254 Tube S BA9.53 7.05 1.24 9.61 9.45 7.17 6.92 0.257 Tube S BA9.53 6.27 1.63 9.61 9.45 6.43 6.10 0.322 Tube S BA9.53 6.23 1.65 9.61 9.45 6.39 6.06 0.326 Tube S BA9.53 5.47 2.03 9.61 9.45 5.67 5.26 0.381 Tube S BA9.53 5.31 2.11 9.61 9.45 5.52 5.09 0.391 Tube S BA10.00 8.00 1.00 10.08 9.92 8.10 7.90 0.23 Tube S BA10.00 7.00 1.50 10.08 9.92 7.15 6.85 0.32 Tube S BA10.00 6.00 2.00 10.08 9.92 6.20 5.80 0.4 Tube S BA10.29 6.83 1.73 10.69 10.21 7.04 6.61 0.37 Pipe S AP10.29 4.25 3.02 10.69 10.21 4.62 3.87 0.47 Pipe S AP12.00 10.00 1.00 12.08 11.92 10.10 9.90 0.28 Tube S BA12.00 9.00 1.50 12.08 11.92 9.15 8.85 0.39 Tube S BA12.00 8.00 2.00 12.08 11.92 8.20 7.80 0.4 Tube S BA12.70 10.92 0.89 12.78 12.62 11.01 10.83 0.263 Tube S BA12.70 10.88 0.91 12.78 12.62 10.97 10.79 0.268 Tube S BA12.70 10.26 1.22 12.78 12.62 10.38 10.14 0.35 Tube S BA12.70 10.22 1.24 12.78 12.62 10.34 10.10 0.356 Tube S BA12.70 9.50 1.60 12.83 12.57 9.66 9.34 0.44 Tube W POL12.70 9.44 1.63 12.78 12.62 9.60 9.28 0.452 Tube S BA12.70 9.40 1.65 12.78 12.62 9.57 9.24 0.456 Tube S BA12.70 8.64 2.03 12.78 12.62 8.84 8.44 0.542 Tube S BA12.70 8.48 2.11 12.78 12.62 8.69 8.27 0.559 Tube S BA13.50 8.80 2.35 13.60 13.40 9.04 8.57 0.66 Tube S BA13.72 10.42 1.65 14.12 13.64 10.62 10.21 0.5 Pipe S BA13.72 9.24 2.24 14.12 13.64 9.52 8.96 0.64 Pipe S BA13.72 7.68 3.02 14.12 13.64 8.05 7.30 0.81 Pipe S BA14.00 12.00 1.00 14.08 13.92 12.10 11.90 0.33 Tube S BA14.00 11.00 1.50 14.08 13.92 11.15 10.85 0.47 Tube S BA14.00 10.00 2.00 14.08 13.92 10.20 9.80 0.6 Tube S BA15.00 13.00 1.00 15.08 14.92 13.10 12.90 0.35 Tube S BA15.00 12.00 1.50 15.08 14.92 12.15 11.85 0.51 Tube S BA15.00 11.00 2.00 15.08 14.92 11.20 10.80 0.65 Tube S BA15.88 13.48 1.20 16.01 15.75 13.60 13.36 0.44 Tube W POL
Allowable OD and ID dimensions to standards for tube, pipe and hollow bar
Tube
151
Allowable OD and ID dimensions to standards for tube, pipe and hollow barNom. Nom Nom. Max. Min. Max. Min Weight Product Types Finishmm mm mm mm mm mm mmO.D. I.D. W.T. OD OD ID ID kg/m15.88 13.44 1.22 15.96 15.80 13.56 13.31 0.448 Tube S BA15.88 13.40 1.24 15.96 15.80 13.52 13.27 0.454 Tube S BA15.88 12.68 1.60 16.01 15.75 12.84 12.52 0.57 Tube W POL15.88 12.62 1.63 15.96 15.80 12.78 12.45 0.582 Tube S BA15.88 12.58 1.65 15.96 15.80 12.74 12.41 0.588 Tube S BA16.00 14.00 1.00 16.08 15.92 14.10 13.90 0.38 Tube S BA16.00 13.00 1.50 16.08 15.92 13.15 12.85 0.54 Tube S BA16.00 12.00 2.00 16.08 15.92 12.20 11.80 0.7 Tube S BA16.00 11.00 2.50 16.08 15.92 11.25 10.75 0.85 Tube S BA16.00 10.00 3.00 16.08 15.92 10.30 9.70 0.98 Tube S BA17.15 13.85 1.65 17.55 17.07 14.05 13.64 0.64 Pipe S BA17.15 12.53 2.31 17.55 17.07 12.81 12.24 0.86 Pipe S BA17.15 10.75 3.20 17.55 17.07 11.15 10.35 1.12 Pipe S BA17.20 12.50 2.35 17.33 17.07 12.74 12.27 0.87 Tube S BA18.00 16.00 1.00 18.08 17.92 16.10 15.90 0.43 Tube S BA18.00 15.00 1.50 18.08 17.92 15.15 14.85 0.62 Tube S BA18.00 14.00 2.00 18.08 17.92 14.20 13.80 0.8 Tube S BA18.00 13.00 2.50 18.08 17.92 13.25 12.75 0.97 Tube S BA19.05 16.65 1.20 19.18 18.92 16.77 16.53 0.54 Tube W POL19.05 16.61 1.22 19.13 18.97 16.73 16.49 0.544 Tube S BA19.05 16.57 1.24 19.13 18.97 16.69 16.45 0.553 Tube S BA19.05 15.85 1.60 19.18 18.92 16.01 15.69 0.7 Tube W POL19.05 15.79 1.63 19.13 18.97 15.95 15.63 0.711 Tube S BA19.05 15.75 1.65 19.13 18.97 15.92 15.59 0.718 Tube S BA19.05 14.83 2.11 19.13 18.97 15.04 14.62 0.895 Tube S BA19.05 14.23 2.41 19.13 18.97 14.47 13.99 1 Tube S BA19.05 13.51 2.77 19.13 18.97 13.79 13.23 1.13 Tube S BA20.00 17.00 1.50 20.08 19.92 17.15 16.85 0.69 Tube S BA20.00 16.00 2.00 20.08 19.92 16.20 15.80 0.9 Tube S BA20.00 15.00 2.50 20.08 19.92 15.25 14.75 1.09 Tube S BA20.00 14.00 3.00 20.08 19.92 14.30 13.70 1.28 Tube S BA20.00 12.00 4.00 20.08 19.92 12.40 11.60 1.6 Tube S BA21.30 18.10 1.60 21.46 21.14 18.26 17.94 0.79 Tube S BA21.30 17.30 2.00 21.46 21.14 17.50 17.10 0.97 Tube S BA21.30 16.00 2.65 21.46 21.14 16.27 15.74 1.24 Tube S BA21.30 14.90 3.20 21.46 21.14 15.22 14.58 1.45 Tube S BA21.34 17.12 2.11 21.74 21.26 17.38 16.85 1.02 Pipe S & W BA, AP21.34 15.80 2.77 21.74 21.26 16.14 15.45 1.29 Pipe S & W BA, AP21.34 13.88 3.73 21.74 21.26 14.34 13.41 1.65 Pipe S BA21.34 11.78 4.78 21.74 21.26 12.37 11.18 1.98 Pipe S BA22.00 19.00 1.50 22.08 21.92 19.15 18.85 0.77 Tube S BA22.00 18.00 2.00 22.08 21.92 18.20 17.80 1 Tube S BA22.20 19.80 1.20 22.33 22.07 19.92 19.68 0.63 Tube W POL22.20 19.00 1.60 22.33 22.07 19.16 18.84 0.83 Tube W POL22.20 19.00 1.60 22.33 22.07 19.16 18.84 0.83 Tube S BA23.00 20.00 1.50 23.08 22.92 20.15 19.85 0.81 Tube S BA25.00 22.00 1.50 25.08 24.92 22.15 21.85 0.88 Tube S BA25.00 21.00 2.00 25.08 24.92 21.20 20.80 1.15 Tube S BA25.00 20.00 2.50 25.08 24.92 20.25 19.75 1.41 Tube S BA25.00 19.00 3.00 25.08 24.92 19.30 18.70 1.65 Tube S POL25.40 23.00 1.20 25.53 25.27 23.12 22.88 0.73 Tube W POL25.40 22.96 1.22 25.48 25.32 23.08 22.84 0.739 Tube S BA25.40 22.92 1.24 25.48 25.32 23.04 22.80 0.75 Tube S BA25.40 22.20 1.60 25.53 25.27 22.36 22.04 0.95 Tube W POL25.40 22.10 1.65 25.48 25.32 22.27 21.94 0.981 Tube S BA25.40 21.18 2.11 25.48 25.32 21.39 20.97 1.23 Tube S BA25.40 20.58 2.41 25.48 25.32 20.82 20.34 1.39 Tube S BA25.40 19.00 3.20 25.48 25.32 19.32 18.68 1.78 Tube S BA
Tube
152
Allowable OD and ID dimensions to standards for tube, pipe and hollow barNom. Nom Nom. Max. Min. Max. Min Weight Product Types Finishmm mm mm mm mm mm mmO.D. I.D. W.T. OD OD ID ID kg/m26.00 18.00 4.00 26.2 25.81 18.40 17.60 2.2 Tube S BA26.67 22.45 2.11 27.07 26.59 22.71 22.19 1.29 Pipe S & W BA, AP26.67 20.93 2.87 27.07 26.59 21.29 20.57 1.71 Pipe S & W BA, AP26.67 18.85 3.91 27.07 26.59 19.34 18.36 2.23 Pipe S BA26.67 15.55 5.56 27.07 26.59 16.25 14.86 2.93 Pipe S BA26.90 23.70 1.60 27.10 26.70 23.86 23.54 1.01 Tube S BA26.90 21.50 2.70 27.10 26.70 21.77 21.23 1.61 Tube S BA26.90 20.50 3.20 27.10 26.70 20.82 20.18 1.9 Tube S BA28.00 25.00 1.50 28.08 27.92 25.15 24.85 1 Tube S BA28.00 24.00 2.00 28.08 27.92 24.20 23.80 1.3 Tube S BA28.00 23.00 2.50 28.08 27.92 23.25 22.75 1.6 Tube S BA30.00 26.00 2.00 30.23 29.78 26.20 25.80 1.4 Tube S BA30.00 25.00 2.50 30.08 29.92 25.25 24.75 1.72 Tube S BA30.00 24.00 3.00 30.08 29.92 24.30 23.70 2.03 Tube S BA30.00 22.00 4.00 30.08 29.92 22.40 21.60 2.6 Tube S BA31.75 29.35 1.20 31.95 31.55 29.47 29.23 0.92 Tube W POL31.75 28.55 1.60 31.95 31.55 28.71 28.39 1.2 Tube W POL31.75 25.35 3.20 31.90 31.60 25.67 25.03 2.27 Tube S AP32.00 16.00 8.00 33.00 32.00 16.00 15.68 5.1 Hollow Bar S AP32.00 12.00 10.00 33.00 32.00 12.00 11.76 4.2 Hollow Bar S AP33.40 27.86 2.77 33.80 33.32 28.95 27.78 2.12 Pipe S & W AP33.40 26.64 3.38 33.80 33.32 27.89 26.56 2.54 Pipe S & W AP33.40 24.30 4.55 33.80 33.32 25.84 24.22 3.28 Pipe S AP33.40 20.70 6.35 33.80 33.32 22.69 20.62 4.29 Pipe S AP33.70 29.70 2.00 33.95 33.45 30.35 29.05 1.59 Tube S AP33.70 28.50 2.60 33.95 33.45 29.27 27.73 2.03 Tube S AP33.70 27.20 3.25 34.10 33.62 28.41 27.93 2.48 Tube S AP33.70 25.60 4.05 33.95 33.45 26.66 24.54 3.01 Tube S AP35.00 31.00 2.00 35.15 34.85 31.55 30.45 1.65 Tube S AP35.00 30.00 2.50 35.15 34.85 30.65 29.35 2.03 Tube S AP35.00 29.00 3.00 35.15 34.85 29.75 28.25 2.4 Tube S AP36.00 25.00 5.50 37.00 36.00 25.00 24.50 4.5 Hollow Bar S AP36.00 20.00 8.00 37.00 36.00 20.00 19.60 5.9 Hollow Bar S AP36.00 16.00 10.00 37.00 36.00 16.00 15.68 6.8 Hollow Bar S AP38.00 34.00 2.00 38.15 37.85 34.55 33.45 1.8 Tube S AP38.00 32.80 2.60 38.29 37.72 33.61 32.00 2.31 Tube S AP38.00 32.00 3.00 38.15 37.85 32.75 31.25 2.63 Tube S AP38.00 30.00 4.00 38.15 37.85 30.95 29.05 3.41 Tube S AP38.00 28.00 5.00 38.15 37.85 29.15 26.85 4.13 Tube S AP38.00 26.00 6.00 38.38 37.62 27.88 24.12 4.81 Tube S AP38.10 35.70 1.20 38.25 37.95 36.09 35.31 1.24 Tube W POL38.10 34.90 1.60 38.25 37.95 35.37 34.43 1.45 Tube S & W AP, POL38.10 31.70 3.20 38.25 37.95 32.49 30.91 2.77 Tube S AP40.00 20.00 10.00 41.00 40.00 20.00 19.60 7.8 Hollow Bar S AP40.00 25.00 7.50 41.00 40.00 25.00 24.50 6.5 Hollow Bar S AP40.00 28.00 6.00 41.00 40.00 28.00 27.44 5.5 Hollow Bar S AP42.00 38.00 2.00 42.20 41.80 38.60 37.40 2 Tube S AP42.00 36.00 3.00 42.20 41.80 36.80 35.20 2.93 Tube S AP42.16 36.62 2.77 42.56 41.36 37.72 36.52 2.73 Pipe S & W AP42.16 35.04 3.56 42.56 41.36 36.33 35.13 3.44 Pipe S & W AP42.16 32.46 4.85 42.56 41.36 34.08 32.88 4.53 Pipe S AP42.16 29.46 6.35 42.56 41.36 31.45 30.25 5.69 Pipe S AP42.40 37.20 2.60 42.72 42.08 38.04 36.36 2.59 Tube S AP42.40 35.90 3.25 42.82 41.98 37.14 34.66 3.19 Tube S AP44.45 41.25 1.60 44.70 44.20 41.82 40.68 1.71 Tube W POL44.50 40.50 2.00 44.83 44.17 41.23 39.77 2.13 Tube S AP44.50 38.70 2.90 44.95 44.06 39.87 37.53 3.02 Tube S AP44.50 38.50 3.00 45.17 43.83 40.07 36.93 3.12 Tube S AP
Tube
153
Allowable OD and ID dimensions to standards for tube, pipe and hollow barNom. Nom Nom. Max. Min. Max. Min Weight Product Types Finishmm mm mm mm mm mm mmO.D. I.D. W.T. OD OD ID ID kg/m45.00 20.00 12.50 45.90 45.00 20.00 19.60 10.5 Hollow Bar S AP45.00 28.00 8.50 45.90 45.00 28.00 27.44 8.2 Hollow Bar S AP45.00 32.00 6.50 45.90 45.00 32.00 31.36 6.7 Hollow Bar S AP48.26 42.72 2.77 48.66 47.46 43.81 42.61 3.15 Pipe S & W AP48.26 40.90 3.68 48.66 47.46 42.22 41.02 4.1 Pipe S & W AP48.26 38.10 5.08 48.66 47.46 39.77 38.57 5.48 Pipe S AP48.26 33.98 7.14 48.66 47.46 36.17 34.97 7.34 Pipe S AP48.30 44.30 2.00 48.66 47.94 45.06 43.54 2.32 Tube S AP48.30 43.10 2.60 48.78 47.82 44.23 41.97 2.98 Tube S AP48.30 41.80 3.25 49.02 47.58 43.50 40.10 3.67 Tube S AP48.30 40.20 4.05 48.78 47.82 41.70 38.70 4.49 Tube S AP50.00 25.00 12.50 51.00 50.00 25.00 24.50 12.1 Hollow Bar S AP50.00 32.00 9.00 51.00 50.00 32.00 31.36 9.7 Hollow Bar S AP50.00 36.00 7.00 51.00 50.00 36.00 35.28 8 Hollow Bar S AP50.00 40.00 5.00 50.25 49.75 41.25 38.75 5.63 Tube S AP50.80 47.60 1.60 51.05 50.55 48.17 47.03 1.99 Tube W POL50.80 47.60 1.60 51.05 50.55 48.17 47.03 1.99 Tube S & W AP, POL50.80 46.80 2.00 51.05 50.55 47.45 46.15 2.44 Tube W POL50.80 44.40 3.20 51.05 50.55 45.29 43.51 5.8 Tube S AP51.00 45.80 2.60 51.38 50.62 46.70 44.90 3.15 Tube S AP54.00 50.00 2.00 54.41 53.60 50.81 49.20 2.6 Tube S AP56.00 28.00 14.00 57.12 56.00 28.00 27.44 15.2 Hollow Bar S AP56.00 36.00 10.00 57.12 56.00 36.00 35.28 12.1 Hollow Bar S AP56.00 40.00 8.00 57.12 56.00 40.00 39.20 10.2 Hollow Bar S AP57.00 51.20 2.90 57.57 56.43 52.50 49.91 3.93 Tube S AP60.30 56.30 2.00 60.75 59.85 57.15 55.45 2.92 Tube S AP60.30 55.10 2.60 60.75 59.85 56.07 54.13 3.76 Tube S AP60.30 54.50 2.90 60.90 59.70 55.83 53.17 4.17 Tube S AP60.30 53.00 3.65 60.90 59.70 54.52 51.48 5.18 Tube S AP60.33 54.79 2.77 61.13 59.53 56.28 54.68 3.98 Pipe S & W AP60.33 52.51 3.91 61.13 59.53 54.28 52.68 5.52 Pipe S & W AP60.33 49.25 5.52 61.13 59.53 51.47 49.86 7.58 Pipe S AP60.33 42.85 8.74 61.13 59.53 45.83 44.23 11.27 Pipe S AP63.00 32.00 15.50 64.26 63.00 32.00 31.36 19 Hollow Bar S AP63.00 36.00 13.50 64.26 63.00 36.00 35.28 17.3 Hollow Bar S AP63.00 40.00 11.50 64.26 63.00 40.00 39.20 15.4 Hollow Bar S AP63.00 45.00 9.00 64.26 63.00 45.00 44.10 12.2 Hollow Bar S AP63.00 50.00 6.50 64.26 63.00 50.00 49.00 9.9 Hollow Bar S AP63.50 60.30 1.60 63.80 63.20 60.92 60.32 2.48 Tube W POL63.50 59.50 2.00 63.80 63.20 60.20 59.60 3.08 Tube W BP63.50 58.30 2.60 63.98 63.02 59.30 57.30 3.97 Tube S AP70.00 64.20 2.90 70.53 69.48 65.31 63.10 4.87 Tube S AP71.00 36.00 17.50 72.42 71.00 36.00 35.28 24.1 Hollow Bar S AP71.00 40.00 15.50 72.42 71.00 40.00 39.20 22.3 Hollow Bar S AP71.00 45.00 13.00 72.42 71.00 45.00 44.10 19.6 Hollow Bar S AP71.00 56.00 7.50 72.42 71.00 56.00 54.88 12.9 Hollow Bar S AP73.03 66.93 3.05 73.83 72.23 68.49 66.89 5.33 Pipe S & W AP73.03 62.71 5.16 73.83 72.23 64.80 63.20 8.75 Pipe S & W AP73.03 59.01 7.01 73.83 72.23 61.56 59.96 11.57 Pipe S AP73.03 53.97 9.53 73.83 72.23 57.15 55.55 15.12 Pipe S AP75.00 40.00 17.50 76.50 75.00 40.00 39.20 26 Hollow Bar S AP75.00 50.00 12.50 76.50 75.00 50.00 49.00 21.1 Hollow Bar S AP75.00 60.00 7.50 76.50 75.00 60.00 58.80 13.7 Hollow Bar S AP76.10 72.10 2.00 76.67 75.53 73.07 71.13 3.71 Tube S AP76.10 70.30 2.90 76.67 75.53 71.45 69.15 5.32 Tube S AP76.10 72.90 3.65 76.86 75.34 70.47 67.13 6.62 Tube S AP76.20 73.80 1.20 76.56 75.84 74.40 73.20 2.32 Tube W POL76.20 73.00 1.60 76.56 75.84 73.68 72.32 2.99 Tube W POL
Tube
154
Allowable OD and ID dimensions to standards for tube, pipe and hollow barNom. Nom Nom. Max. Min. Max. Min Weight Product Types Finishmm mm mm mm mm mm mmO.D. I.D. W.T. OD OD ID ID kg/m76.20 72.20 2.00 76.56 75.84 72.96 71.44 3.72 Tube W POL76.20 69.80 3.20 76.60 75.40 70.84 68.36 5.8 Tube S AP80.00 40.00 20.0 81.60 80.00 40.00 39.20 30.9 Hollow Bar S AP80.00 45.00 17.5 81.60 80.00 45.00 44.10 28.3 Hollow Bar S AP80.00 50.00 15.0 81.60 80.00 50.00 49.00 25.3 Hollow Bar S AP80.00 63.00 8.5 81.60 80.00 63.00 61.74 16.4 Hollow Bar S AP85.00 45.00 20.0 86.70 85.00 45.00 44.10 33.5 Hollow Bar S AP85.00 55.00 15.0 86.70 85.00 55.00 53.90 26.8 Hollow Bar S AP85.00 67.00 9.0 86.70 85.00 67.00 65.66 18.5 Hollow Bar S AP88.90 81.70 3.6 89.57 88.23 83.09 80.31 7.69 Tube S AP88.90 80.80 4.05 89.79 88.01 82.70 78.90 8.61 Tube S AP88.90 82.80 3.05 89.70 88.10 84.36 82.76 6.54 Pipe S & W AP88.90 77.92 5.49 89.70 88.10 80.09 78.49 11.44 Pipe S & W AP88.90 73.66 7.62 89.70 88.10 76.37 74.77 15.48 Pipe S AP88.90 66.64 11.13 89.70 88.10 70.22 68.62 21.63 Pipe S AP90.00 50.00 20.0 91.80 90.00 50.00 49.00 36.1 Hollow Bar S AP90.00 56.00 17.0 91.80 90.00 56.00 54.88 32.3 Hollow Bar S AP90.00 63.00 13.5 91.80 90.00 63.00 61.74 27.1 Hollow Bar S AP90.00 71.00 9.5 91.80 90.00 71.00 69.58 20.6 Hollow Bar S AP95.00 50.00 22.5 96.90 95.00 50.00 49.00 42.1 Hollow Bar S AP95.00 67.00 14.0 96.90 95.00 67.00 65.66 29.9 Hollow Bar S AP100.00 56.00 22.0 102.00 100.00 56.00 54.88 42.3 Hollow Bar S AP100.00 63.00 18.5 102.00 100.00 63.00 61.74 39.2 Hollow Bar S AP100.00 71.00 14.5 102.00 100.00 71.00 69.58 32.7 Hollow Bar S AP100.00 80.00 10.0 102.00 100.00 80.00 78.40 24.4 Hollow Bar S AP101.6 98.40 1.6 102.11 101.09 99.23 98.21 4.12 Tube W POL101.6 97.60 2.0 102.11 101.09 98.51 97.49 4.99 Tube W POL101.6 95.50 3.05 102.40 100.80 97.06 95.46 7.51 Pipe S & W AP101.6 90.12 5.74 102.40 100.80 92.36 90.76 13.75 Pipe S & W AP101.6 85.44 8.08 102.40 100.80 88.26 86.66 18.88 Pipe S AP106.0 56.00 25.00 108.12 106.00 56.00 54.88 52.1 Hollow Bar S AP106.0 63.00 21.50 108.12 106.00 63.00 61.74 47.1 Hollow Bar S AP106.0 71.00 17.50 108.12 106.00 71.00 69.58 40.6 Hollow Bar S AP106.0 80.00 13.00 108.12 106.00 80.00 78.40 32.3 Hollow Bar S AP108.0 100.00 4.00 108.81 107.19 101.61 98.39 10.42 Tube S AP112.0 63.00 24.50 114.24 112.00 63.00 61.74 55.3 Hollow Bar S AP112.0 71.00 20.50 114.24 112.00 71.00 69.58 48.8 Hollow Bar S AP112.0 80.00 16.00 114.24 112.00 80.00 78.40 40.6 Hollow Bar S AP112.0 90.00 11.00 114.24 112.00 90.00 88.20 30.2 Hollow Bar S AP114.3 105.30 4.50 115.44 113.16 107.57 103.03 12.37 Tube S AP114.3 110.08 2.11 115.10 113.50 111.41 109.81 5.91 Pipe W AP114.3 108.20 3.05 115.10 113.50 109.76 108.16 8.48 Pipe S & W AP114.3 102.26 6.02 115.10 113.50 104.57 102.97 16.29 Pipe S & W AP114.3 97.18 8.56 115.10 113.50 100.12 98.52 22.69 Pipe S AP114.3 87.32 13.49 115.10 113.50 91.49 89.89 33.99 Pipe S AP118.0 63.00 27.50 120.36 118.00 63.00 61.74 64.2 Hollow Bar S AP118.0 71.00 23.50 120.36 118.00 71.00 69.58 57.6 Hollow Bar S AP118.0 80.00 19.00 120.36 118.00 80.00 78.40 49.4 Hollow Bar S AP118.0 90.00 14.00 120.36 118.00 90.00 88.20 39 Hollow Bar S AP121.0 113.00 4.00 121.91 120.09 114.71 111.29 11.72 Tube S AP125.0 71.00 27.00 127.50 125.00 71.00 69.58 68.5 Hollow Bar S AP125.0 80.00 22.50 127.50 125.00 80.00 78.40 60.2 Hollow Bar S AP125.0 90.00 17.50 127.50 125.00 90.00 88.20 49.8 Hollow Bar S AP125.0 100.00 12.50 127.50 125.00 100.00 98.00 38.3 Hollow Bar S AP127.0 123.80 1.60 127.51 126.49 124.63 123.61 4.92 Tube W POL127.0 123.00 2.00 127.51 126.49 123.91 122.89 6.16 Tube W POL132.0 71.00 30.50 134.64 132.00 71.00 69.58 79.7 Hollow Bar S AP132.0 80.00 26.00 134.64 132.00 80.00 78.40 71.5 Hollow Bar S AP
Tube
155
Allowable OD and ID dimensions to standards for tube, pipe and hollow barNom. Nom Nom. Max. Min. Max. Min Weight Product Types Finishmm mm mm mm mm mm mmO.D. I.D. W.T. OD OD ID ID kg/m132.0 90.00 21.00 134.64 132.00 90.00 88.20 61.1 Hollow Bar S AP132.0 106.00 13.00 134.64 132.00 106.00 103.88 42 Hollow Bar S AP133.0 125.00 4.00 134.00 132.00 126.80 123.20 0 Tube S AP140.0 80.00 30.00 142.80 140.00 80.00 78.40 85.2 Hollow Bar S AP140.0 90.00 25.00 142.80 140.00 90.00 88.20 74.9 Hollow Bar S AP140.0 100.00 20.00 142.80 140.00 100.00 98.00 63.3 Hollow Bar S AP140.0 112.00 14.00 142.80 140.00 112.00 109.76 47.8 Hollow Bar S AP141.3 135.76 2.77 142.90 140.50 138.05 135.65 9.59 Pipe W AP141.3 134.50 3.40 142.90 140.50 136.95 134.55 11.73 Pipe S & W AP141.3 128.20 6.55 142.90 140.50 131.44 129.04 22.07 Pipe S & W AP141.3 122.24 9.53 142.90 140.50 126.22 123.82 31.37 Pipe S AP141.3 109.54 15.88 142.90 140.50 115.11 112.71 49.77 Pipe S AP150.0 80.00 35.0 153.00 150.00 80.00 78.40 103.3 Hollow Bar S AP150.0 95.00 27.5 153.00 150.00 95.00 93.10 87.7 Hollow Bar S AP150.0 106.00 22.0 153.00 150.00 106.00 103.88 74.2 Hollow Bar S AP150.0 125.00 12.5 153.00 150.00 125.00 122.50 47.4 Hollow Bar S AP152.4 149.20 1.6 153.04 151.76 150.16 148.88 5.95 Tube W POL152.4 148.40 2.0 153.04 151.76 149.44 148.16 7.54 Tube W POL159.0 150.00 4.5 160.19 157.81 152.09 147.91 17.41 Tube S AP160.0 90.00 35.0 163.20 160.00 90.00 88.20 112.9 Hollow Bar S AP160.0 112.00 24.0 163.20 160.00 112.00 109.76 85.8 Hollow Bar S AP160.0 122.00 19.0 163.20 160.00 122.00 119.56 71.6 Hollow Bar S AP160.0 132.00 14.0 163.20 160.00 132.00 129.36 56.2 Hollow Bar S AP168.28 162.74 2.77 169.88 167.48 165.03 162.63 11.45 Pipe W AP168.28 161.48 3.40 169.88 167.48 163.93 161.53 14.03 Pipe S & W AP168.28 154.06 7.11 169.88 167.48 157.43 155.03 28.65 Pipe S & W AP168.28 146.34 10.97 169.88 167.48 150.68 148.28 43.15 Pipe S AP168.28 131.76 18.26 169.88 167.48 137.92 135.52 68.48 Pipe S AP170.0 100.00 35.0 173.40 170.00 100.00 98.00 122.3 Hollow Bar S AP170.0 106.00 32.0 173.40 170.00 106.00 103.88 114.7 Hollow Bar S AP170.0 118.00 26.0 173.40 170.00 118.00 115.64 98.4 Hollow Bar S AP170.0 128.00 21.0 173.40 170.00 128.00 125.44 80.8 Hollow Bar S AP170.0 130.00 20.0 173.40 170.00 130.00 127.40 80.2 Hollow Bar S AP170.0 140.00 15.0 173.40 170.00 140.00 137.20 63.8 Hollow Bar S AP180.0 100.00 40.0 183.60 180.00 100.00 98.00 144.4 Hollow Bar S AP180.0 125.00 27.5 183.60 180.00 125.00 122.50 110 Hollow Bar S AP180.0 140.00 20.0 183.60 180.00 140.00 137.20 86.1 Hollow Bar S AP180.0 150.00 15.0 183.60 180.00 150.00 147.00 68.4 Hollow Bar S AP190.0 132.00 29.0 193.80 190.00 132.00 129.36 123 Hollow Bar S AP190.0 140.00 25.0 193.80 190.00 140.00 137.20 109.9 Hollow Bar S AP190.0 150.00 20.0 193.80 190.00 150.00 147.00 91.9 Hollow Bar S AP190.0 160.00 15.0 193.80 190.00 160.00 156.80 73 Hollow Bar S AP200.0 140.00 30.0 204.00 200.00 140.00 137.20 134 Hollow Bar S AP200.0 150.00 25.0 204.00 200.00 150.00 147.00 117 Hollow Bar S AP200.0 160.00 20.0 204.00 200.00 160.00 156.80 97.6 Hollow Bar S AP203.2 200.00 1.6 204.00 202.40 201.12 199.52 7.95 Tube W POL203.2 199.20 2.0 204.00 202.40 200.40 198.80 10.12 Tube W POL212.0 130.00 41.0 216.24 212.00 130.00 127.40 182 Hollow Bar S AP212.0 170.00 21.0 216.24 212.00 170.00 166.60 109 Hollow Bar S AP219.08 213.54 2.77 220.68 218.28 215.83 213.43 14.97 Pipe W AP219.08 211.56 3.76 220.68 218.28 214.10 211.70 20.23 Pipe S & W AP219.08 202.72 8.18 220.68 218.28 206.36 203.96 43.12 Pipe S & W AP219.08 193.68 12.70 220.68 218.28 198.45 196.05 65.52 Pipe S AP219.08 173.06 23.01 220.68 218.28 180.41 178.01 112.78 Pipe S AP224.0 140.00 42.0 228.48 224.00 140.00 137.20 199 Hollow Bar S AP224.0 180.00 22.0 228.48 224.00 180.00 176.40 121 Hollow Bar S AP236.0 150.00 43.0 240.72 236.00 150.00 147.00 216 Hollow Bar S AP236.0 190.00 23.0 240.72 236.00 190.00 186.20 133 Hollow Bar S AP
Tube
156
Standard stocked sizes Australia and Sweden Non standard sizes available subject to mill enquiry and minimum production quantities. All dimensions shown are for guidance only and subject to variation within allowable limits, including ovality, straightness,
and average or minimum wall thicknesses.
Sandvik Australia Pty Ltd reserve the right to change, or update the content of this brochure without notice. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information provided, we take no responsibility for any
errors or omissions that might appear in this brochure.
Allowable OD and ID dimensions to standards for tube, pipe and hollow barNom. Nom Nom. Max. Min. Max. Min Weight Product Types Finishmm mm mm mm mm mm mmO.D. I.D. W.T. OD OD ID ID kg/m250.0 200.00 25.0 255.00 250.00 200.00 196.00 153 Hollow Bar S AP254.0 250.00 2.00 255.00 253.00 251.40 249.40 12.62 Tube W 2B, P273.05 266.25 3.40 275.45 272.25 269.50 266.30 22.94 Pipe W AP273.05 264.67 4.19 275.45 272.25 268.12 264.92 28.17 Pipe S & W AP273.05 254.51 9.27 275.45 272.25 259.23 256.03 61.13 Pipe S & W AP273.05 247.65 12.70 275.45 272.25 253.23 250.03 82.65 Pipe S AP275.00 200.00 37.50 280.50 275.00 200.50 196.49 247 Hollow Bar S B300.0 200.00 50.00 306.00 300.00 200.50 196.49 340 Hollow Bar S B304.0 300.00 2.00 305.20 302.80 301.60 299.20 15.2 Tube W 2B, P323.85 315.93 3.96 326.25 323.05 319.32 316.12 31.68 Pipe W AP323.85 314.71 4.57 326.25 323.05 318.25 315.05 36.49 Pipe S & W AP323.85 304.79 9.53 326.25 323.05 309.57 306.37 74.84 Pipe S & W AP323.85 298.45 12.70 326.25 323.05 304.03 300.83 98.78 Pipe S & W AP340.0 200.00 70.00 342.40 339.20 219.90 216.70 507 Hollow Bar S B355.6 346.04 4.78 358.00 354.80 349.64 346.44 41.88 Pipe W AP355.6 336.54 9.53 358.00 354.80 341.32 338.12 82.4 Pipe S & W AP355.6 330.20 12.70 358.00 354.80 335.78 332.58 108.86 Pipe S & W AP380.0 230.00 75.00 387.60 380.00 230.50 225.89 609 Hollow Bar S B400.0 300.00 50.00 408.00 400.00 300.50 294.49 478 Hollow Bar S B406.4 398.02 4.19 408.80 405.60 401.47 398.27 42.14 Pipe W AP406.4 396.84 4.78 408.80 405.60 400.44 397.24 47.94 Pipe W AP406.4 387.34 9.53 408.80 405.60 392.12 388.92 94.49 Pipe S & W AP406.4 381.00 12.70 408.80 405.60 386.58 383.38 124.98 Pipe S & W AP420.0 300.00 60.00 428.40 420.00 300.50 294.49 585.00 Hollow Bar S B457.2 448.82 4.19 459.60 456.40 452.27 449.07 47.46 Pipe W AP457.2 447.64 4.78 459.60 456.40 451.24 448.04 54.00 Pipe W AP457.2 438.14 9.53 459.60 456.40 442.92 439.72 106.59 Pipe S & W AP457.2 431.80 12.70 459.60 456.40 437.38 434.18 141.11 Pipe S & W AP508.0 498.44 4.78 510.40 507.20 502.04 498.84 60.07 Pipe W AP508.0 496.92 5.54 511.20 507.20 501.51 497.51 69.55 Pipe W AP508.0 488.94 9.53 511.20 507.20 494.52 490.52 118.68 Pipe S & W AP508.0 482.60 12.70 511.20 507.20 488.98 484.98 157.24 Pipe S & W AP558.8 547.72 5.54 562.00 558.00 552.31 548.31 76.58 Pipe W AP558.8 539.74 9.53 562.00 558.00 545.32 541.32 130.78 Pipe S & W AP558.8 533.40 12.70 562.00 558.00 539.78 535.78 173.36 Pipe S AP609.6 596.90 6.35 612.80 608.80 601.69 597.69 95.75 Pipe W AP609.6 590.54 9.53 612.80 608.80 596.12 592.12 148.27 Pipe S & W AP609.6 584.20 12.70 612.80 608.80 590.58 586.58 189.49 Pipe S & W AP762.0 746.16 7.92 766.00 761.20 752.14 747.34 149.38 Pipe W AP
S = seamless, W = welded Finish:
AP = Annealed and Pickled
BA = Bright Annealed
P = Pickled
POL = Satin Polish 180 - 220 grit
Tube
157
Standard gauge tableSWG and BWG / inches and millimetres
Gauge no. SWG BWG
Inch mm Inch mm
7/0 .500 12.70
6/0 .464 11.79
5/0 .432 10.97 .500 12.70
4/0 .400 10.16 .454 11.53
3/0 .372 9.45 .425 10.80
2/0 .348 8.84 .380 9.65
0 .324 8.23 .340 8.64
1 .300 7.62 .300 7.62
2 .276 7.01 .284 7.21
3 .252 6.40 .259 6.58
4 .232 5.89 .238 6.05
5 .212 5.38 .220 5.59
6 .192 4.88 .203 5.16
7 .176 4.47 .180 4.57
8 .160 4.06 .165 4.19
9 .144 3.66 .148 3.76
10 .128 3.25 .134 3.40
11 .116 2.95 .120 3.05
12 .104 2.64 .109 2.77
13 .092 2.34 .095 2.41
14 .080 2.03 .083 2.11
15 .072 1.83 .072 1.83
16 .064 1.63 .065 1.65
17 .056 1.42 .058 1.47
18 .048 1.22 .049 1.24
19 .040 1.02 .042 1.07
20 .036 0.91 .035 0.89
21 .032 0.81 .032 0.81
22 .028 0.71 .028 0.71
23 .024 0.61 .025 0.64
24 .022 0.56 .022 0.56
25 .020 0.51 .020 0.51
26 .018 0.46 .018 0.46
27 .016 1.42 .016 0.41
28 .015 0.38 .014 0.36
29 .014 0.35 .013 0.33
30 .012 0.31 .012 0.30
31 .0116 0.295 .010 0.254
32 .0108 0.274 .009 0.229
33 .0100 0.254 .008 0.203
34 .0092 0.234 .007 0.178
35 .0084 0.213 .005 0.127
36 .0076 0.193 .004 0.102
Tube
158
Notes
