March 2012 Edition N° 62English

Tersainox in Olive Oil Production

The 3CR12 in Different Applications and Equipment

Transport Equipment, Designed According to Customer Requirements

Tersainox - Jord International Efficient Solutions

Stainless Steels for Desalination PlantsStainless Steels for Desalination Plants

Stainless Steels for Desalination Plants

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Stainless steels are pretty close to being the ideal material for the construction of desalination plants. Stainless Steels have excellent resistance to general corrosion and erosion -corrosion even with water at high speeds. The alloys have good mechanical properties, are easy to manufacture and easy to weld, easy availability and relatively moderate cost. Overall rates of corrosion of stainless steels in �owing sea water, over a speed of approximately 1m/s and up to almost 40 m/s, are negligible.

Conventional steels SS 304 and 316 austenitic materials are commonly used in this type of applications, its

main advantages are high resistance, good resistance to corrosion in general, weldability and ductility and viability. Its main weakness is the corrosion in solutions containing chlorine and pitting under static conditions. 316 Containing molybdenum has better corrosion resistance and is most widely used. 316 L application in the desalination plant equipment includes �ash chambers, demisters, trays and feeders, ejectors condensers, ventilation, pipes and internals, pumps, valves etc.

The addition of Mo or nitrogen to stainless steel increases its resistance to pitting and provides further hardness.The addition of nitrogen not only increases resistance to corrosion pitting and cracks and possibly resistance to Stress corrosion Cracking (SCC), but to substantially increases its strength without sacri�cing �exibility.

Stainless Steels for Desalination Plants

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Steels with corrosion resistance improved as 317, 904 and alloy 20 have also been used instead of 316. However, all these alloys are subject to localized corrosionattack, although the severity of the attack is much lower. High pressure pipes made in 316 L faces problems due to cracks or corrosion pitting. Stainless steels as 254 SMO (UNSSS1243I) it is used to replace these steels. These alloys exhibit almost complete resistance to the crack or corrosion pitting. The high cost seems to be the main limitation in the use of these alloys.

The other high steel stainless steels which

have a promising future as desalinization plant material are the austenitic SS AL6X (fe-20Cr- 24Ni-6.5Mo) and those containing nitrogen AL6XN; SS ferritic; and duplex Ferralium SS alloys 255 and alloy 2205. Ferritic stainless steels have an exceptional resistance to SCC together with resistance to the corrosion and cracks in aggressive environments. These are materials tested for applications of saline water.

Duplex steels exhibit microstructures

ferritic-austenitic 50-50, have the caracteristic of almost total immunity to the chloride (of ferritic steels) and tenacity, strength and ease of manufacturing (for austenitic steels).

Tersainox in Olive Oil Production

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As is known, Inc. Tersainox is the only company in Chile that is consolidated in the manufacture of stainless steel tanks, for mills that produce olive oil of high quality.

For this reason, today we are working in engineering and manufacturing process and storage tanks that must comply with the requirements of product and customer.

This new project will be developed for oil in the Sixth Region of Chile and will feature tanks of di�erent volumes, with the highest standards of quality in material and food grade �nish.

Remarks by Eric Miranda, Project Manager from Tersainox.

After studying y most of the important mills in the country that produce �ne oil of excellent quality, we are engaged Tersainox, since it is the only company that gave us the quality, reliability and security, so they ascribe the project.

Remarks by the owner of the oil mill.

Eric Miranda LagosFood Division

Tersainox S. A. Group

The 3CR12 in Different Applications

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3CR12 stainless steel has been used worldwide in a variety of applications such as tanks, structures, chutes, boiler equipment, ladders, cabinets, �ooring and specially en very harsh environments, replacing equipment generally speci�ed in A -36. It is used as an option resistant stainless steel, durable and low maintenance. Unlike the conventional stainless steel, 3CR12 also o�ers the additional bene�t of low core material cost, greater ease of manufacture and the need for coating or painting is reduced to a minimum or zero.

All types of instrumentation and control require some form of casing to protect it against external damage and to prevent access to internal parts. As in the areas of communication, transport, industry and trade depend increasingly in control systems; there is the need to safely accommodate these instruments to ensure its e�ective functioning.

The casing are now a familiar part of our communication and control systems. Integral part of an extensive range of equipment including:

• Telephony systems and communications• Signage and traffic monitoring• Reporting and monitoring of rail traffic• Industrial Control Systems• Ticket Vending Machines• Electrical capacitors• Counters• Switchgear• Power Electronics• Programmable Controllers• System Integrators• Control of environmental pollution• Motors and power systems

The 3CR12 in Different Applications

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• Location• Using work environment protection level income• Aesthetics• Risk of physical injury• Ease of access• Maintenance• Protection• Security• Applicable standards or EMC protection

The solution we offer is a simple 3CR12 stainless steel case. Casing manufacturers have found that 3CR12 satisfies numerous requirements simultaneously. Stainless steel offers high impact strength and inherent protection against corrosion. Therefore provides a long service life and extremely low maintenance.

Its appearance remains in better condition for longer, since wear and damage in the paint or surface coating rarely cause corrosion of the metal itself.

Thus, the casings may be required to execute a variety of important tasks, depending on your application. The design and construction materials used depend on the following factors:

Developed to provide a superior alternative to coated carbon steels and other materials with low resistance corrosive / abrasive 3CR12 gives the user the benefits of such resistance, in addition to its hardness, durability and low maintenance. And all this in a material that offers good ease of welding and training that allow using conventional manufacturing methods.

Furthermore, because 3cr12 does not depend on expensive elements such as nickel or molybdenum, 3CR12 offers the advantage of a constant low cost compared with other materials resistant to corrosion. The material also reduces costs because it requires a minimum treatment of corrosion protection.

Tersainox is confident that can meet and satisfy a market that requires new materials and innovative solutions, we extend the invitation to leave behind the costs directed to maintenance and care of equipment and structures can now be specified in 3CR12 steel, doubling its working life and exercising a significant savings for companies.

Patricio Campos CastroMining and Industry Division

Tersainox S.A. Group

Transport Equipment, Designed According to Customer Requirements

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Tersainox´s Transport equipment is at the forefront in the transportation of chemicals and hazardous substances; we are developing self-supporting equipment, with and without insulation for transportation of bulk hazardous liquids.

We performed the standard calculation memories that allow us to produce DOT 406, 407, 412 etc. certi�ed equipment.

We have the engineering and the ability to design and manufacture equipment to meet the needs of the industry by delivering customized solutions according to the requirement of our customers.

Dimensional:Generate 3D drawings with dimensions of our equipment, incorporating analysis of weight distribution per axle.

Stability studies:

We perform stability studies in order to make equipment safer with a low center of gravity.

Finite element modeling:

We submit our designs to modeling �nite element analysis in order to validate our designs in extreme conditions.

Transport Equipment, Designed According to Customer Requirements

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Equipment Manufactured:

Transport Equipment, Designed According to Customer Requirements

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EThese are some of the equipment manufactured by Tersainox SA, Transport Division.Notably, our last project jointly with our customer Enaex was the design and manufacture of high tonnage

Auger and Quad truck for the mining industry. These are mobile processing units. Tersainox is manufacturing this kind of equipment with the highest load capacity in the world.

Photographs:

Tersainox SA, Transportation Division is continually innovating to make transportation systems safer and more e�cient.

We can provide our customers with transportation equipment with roll over protection and weighing system in real time. We hope to continue contributing to the development of our country's transportation systems incorporating leading-edge technology and safety standards.

Mauricio Tapia C.Product Manager

Transportation and Logistics DivisionTersainox S.A Group

Tersainox - Jord InternationalEfficient Solutions

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Jord has proven expertise for handling a wide variety of toxic, hazardous and smelly gases, including: hydrochloric acid and other halogens, hydrogen sul�de, sulfur dioxide, chlorine, sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid vapor. Jord scrubber tower has used a countercurrent design to achieve high e�ciency of absorption of a wide variety of toxic gases. The removal e�ciencies of 99.99% and higher are achieved in many of the above applications.

• Different technical options• Chemical scrubbers• High energy venturi scrubbers• Electrostatic precipitators wet or dry type.• Flue gas desulfurization• VOC removal and recovery of solvents• VOC reduction• The removal of H2S

Cristian LohseSales Executive

Tersainox S.A. Group

The design of a clean air system begins with an evaluation of contaminants that are present in the gas stream. Then, the best technology available for achieving compliance with environmental limits will be selected. It should be noted that the potential for the highest standards to be applied at a later date. Ideally, the chosen system must be �exible enough to meet future standards without costly modi�cations.