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STEAM CONDENSERS

Source

Done by:

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Achyuta Prasad N MAnil Kumar C UMohan Kumar S HShridhar H L 5th sem Mechanical, Smt L V (Govt) polytechnic Hassan Karnataka

Contents

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1. Introduction2. Important parts of

condensing plant3. Advantages of condensing

unit4. Classification of

condensers5. Jet condensers 6. Parallel flow low level jet

condenser7. Counter flow low level jet

condensers 8. High level jet condensers9. Ejector condenser10. Surfaces condensers

11. Down flow type surface condenser

12. Central flow type surface condenser

13. Inverted flow type surface condenser

14. Regenerative type surface condenser

15. Evaporative type surface condenser

16. Comparison of jet and surface condensers

17. Cooling towers18. Classification of cooling

towers19. Spray ponds

INTRODUCTION A steam condenser is a device or appliances in which steam after working in an engine cylinder or steam turbine is exhausted and condensed and heat released by steam is absorbed by water. The steam condensers serves the following two purpose,1. It maintains very low pressure on the exhaust side

of the piston of the engine cylinder or turbine.2. It supplies pure and hot feed water to the boiler.

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Important parts of condensing plant

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1. Condenser2. Condensate pump3. Hot well4. Boiler feed pump5. Cooling tower6. Air pump

Power plant

Sourcehttp://engineering.myindialist.com/2009/lab-manual-to-study-about-various-types-of-steam-condensers/

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Advantages of condensing plant

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1. It increases he expansion ratio of the steam, thus increasing the thermal efficiency of the plant.

2. It reduces the back pressure of the steam, thus increases the power output of the plant.

3. It reduces the temperature of the steam, thus more work can be obtained.

4. It reuses the working substance, thus reducing the cost of the power generation.

5. It increases the temperature of the feed water, thus reducing the amount of heat required to obtain the steam.

Classification of condensers

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Parallel flow low level jet condenser

9Source ://cooling-tower-online.com/

Source ://cooling-tower-online.com/

Counter flow low level jet condenser

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High level jet condenser

11Source: Thermal Engineering by R S Khurmi J K Gupta

Source: http://cooling-tower-online.com/

Ejector condenser

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Source ://cooling-tower-online.com/

Surface condenser

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Source ://cooling-tower-online.com/

Down flow type surface condenser

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Source ://cooling-tower-online.com/

Central flow surface condenser

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Source ://cooling-tower-online.com/

Evaporative condenser

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Cooling tower

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The temperature of the cooling tower in the condenser is increased when it condense the exhaust steam. This hot water from the condenser is cooled in a device it is called cooling tower.

Factors which affect the cooling of water in cooling tower

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1. Temperature of the air2. Humidity of air3. Velocity of the air entering the tower4. Degree of uniformity in descending water5. Arrangement of plates in tower6. Size and height of tower7. Accessibility of air to all part of tower

Classification of cooling tower

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1. According to the material usedi. Timber cooling towerii. Concrete cooling toweriii. Steel duct type cooling tower

2. According to the type of draughti. Natural draught cooling towerii. Forced draught cooling toweriii. Induced draught cooling tower

Source

Natural draught cooling tower

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Source

Forced draught cooling tower

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Source: http://www.mechguru.com

Induced draught cooling tower

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Spray pond

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The temperature of the cooling water in the condenser is increased when it condense the exhaust steam. This hot water from condenser is also cooled in a device called Spray pond.

Courtesy

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http://engineering.myindialist.com/2009/lab-manual-to-study-about-various-types-of-steam-condensers/

http://cooling-tower-online.com/ http://www.mechguru.comThermal Engineering by Amruth Habib and

N MurlidharThermal Engineering by R S Khurmi and J K

GuptaGoogle