25
Standard Input - Output By: Muhammad Zidny Naf’an Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
Standard Input - Output
By: Muhammad Zidny Naf’an
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
Output Command cout() printf() puts() putchar()
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
cout() Show the data to screen We must include header file “iostream.h” Ex:
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
printf() Function
declaration:printf(“string control”, argument1, argument2);
Use header header“stdio.h”
Data type Determining
formatInteger %dFloat decimal form exponential decimal and exponential
%f%e%g
Double precission %lfCharacter %cString %sUnsigned integer %uLong integer %ldLong unsigned integer %luUnsigned hexadecimal integer
%x
Unsigned octal integer %o
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
printf() Ex:
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
puts() Print the string in the screen Use “stdio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
putchar() Print a character to screen
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
Manipulation
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
endl() Insert new line
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
ends() Insert null character
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
dec, oct, hex Convert number to decimal, octal, and
hexadecimal Use “iomanip.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
setprecission() Formatting the number of decimal digit that
will showed Use “iomanip.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
setbase(base number) To convert decimal, hexadesimal, and octal. Base number: 10 for decimal, 8 for octal, 16 for
hexdecimal
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
setw(int width) Set variable’s width in screen User “iomanip.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
setfill(char character) Fill blank from setw with character Use iomanip.h
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
setiosflags() Formatting output Example: Align text in screen (align left or
right) Using “iomanip.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
Input Command cin scanf() gets() getch() getche()
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
cin Without formatting input Use “iostream.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
scanf(“format setting”, &variable) Input data with formatting
Data type Determining
formatInteger %dFloat decimal form exponential
%f%e
Double precision %lfCharacter %cString %sUnsigned integer %uLong integer %ldLong unsigned integer %luUnsigned hexadecimal integer
%x
Unsigned octal integer %o
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
scanf(“format setting”, variable) Example: Use “stdio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
gets(char[] string) Input string from keyboard Use “stdio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
getch() Stands for get character and echo Input one character, and we aren’t need push
“enter” button to execute, and character will not be showed in screen
Use “conio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
getch() Stands for get character and echo Input one character, and we aren’t need push
“enter” button to execute, and character will be showed in screen
Use “conio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012
Exercise Write the program to count average from a
student’s score. The are 3 scores. Average Formula = (score1+score2+
score3)/3 Input format:
Output format:
********** INPUT SCORE ********* Name : <input> score 1 : <input> score 2 : <input> score 3 : <input>
********** AVERAGE SCORE ********* Name : <name> score 1 : <score1> score 2 : < score2> score 3 : < score3> Average: <average>
