8/20/2019 Standard Test Method for Crosshole Testing
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/standard-test-method-for-crosshole-testing 1/4
Designation: D 676 2
INTERNATIONAL
Standard Test Method for
Integrity
Testing
of
Concrete Deep Foundations
by
Ultrasonic Crosshole Testing
1
Thìs standard is
issued under
th è fixed
designatici
D 6760;
thè number immediately following
thè
designatici
indicates thè year of
originai adoption or, in th è case of revision, thè year of
last
revision. A num ber in parentheses indicates
thè
year of lasi reapprovai. A
superscript epsilon (e ) indicale» an editoria] change since thè last revision or reapprovai.
1 Scope
1.1 This
test
method
covers procedures
fo r
checking thè
homogeneity
and
integrity
of
concrete
in a
deep
foundation
such
as bored piles,
drilled
shafts.
concrete
piles or
augercast
piles. This method can also be extended to
diaphragm
walls,
banettes,
dams
etc.
The
test
measures
th è propagation lime
and
relative
energy of an ultrasonic pulse
between
parallel access
ducts installed
in thè
pile
or structure.
This method
is
most
applicatale when per formed be tween
tubes that are
installed
during pile construction.
1.2 Simi lar
lechniques
wi th dilL'rerit excitation sources or
single access ducts, or both, exist.
bu t these techniques
are
outsicle
th è
scope
of this
test
m et l iod.
1.3
Ali
observed
an d calculatecì va lue s
shal
conform to thè
guidel ines
fo r
significant digits
an d rounding
established
in
Practice
D 6026.
1.3.1 The
method used
to speci fy ho w data are
collected,
calculated, o r
recorded
in
this
standard is noi directly
related
to
thè
accuracy to which data can
bo
applied
i n
design or
other
uses,
or
boih.
How one
applies th è resu lts obtained using this
standard
is
beyond
its
scope.
1.4 Limitations—Proper
ins tal l inol i
of th è
access
ducts is
essentia for
effect ive testing
an d
interpretalion.
The
method
does no t
g ive t hè exact type
o f de feci
f o r example,
mclusion,
oneycombing, lack of c e m e n t pai icles, etc. i but rather only
liat a
defect exists .
The
me thod
i .s i imited prirnarily lo testing
between
thè
access
ducis
an d thus
gives
little
;iformation about
thè
concrete outside
thè
reinforcement cage
which thè access ducts are aiiached when
thè
tubes are
to th è
inside
of thè re inforcement casre.
1.5
This standard does no t pin-poit to ncidress ali of th è
concerns,
if
any,
associa/i''./
\vith
i t <
use.
lì
is
th è
of thè user of this stuncìard lo eitablisli appro-
safety an d hcalth
practiccs
an d detergine
thè applica-
ty of
regulatory
limitations prior U >
use.
Rcferenced
Document i
2.1 ASTM
Standards:
D
1143
Test Method for Piles Under S tatic Ax ial Compres-
sive Load
2
D 3740 P ractice for Minim um Requirements for Agencies
Engaged in thè Testing and/or
Inspection
of Soil and Rock
as
Used
in
Engineering Design
and Construction2
D
4945 Test Method H igh
Strain
Dynamic Testing
of
Piles
2
D 5882 Test Method for Low Strain Integrity Te sting of
Piles2
D 6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Calculating
and
Reporting
Geotechnical Test Data2
3
Terminology
3.1 Definìtions
ofTerms Specific
to This Standard:
3.1.1
access ducts, n—preformed
steel or plastic tubes, or
drilled
boreholes, placed in thè concrete to
allow
probe e ntry in
pairs to measure pulse transmission in thè concrete b etw ee n thè
probes.
3.1.2 anomaly, n
—irregularity or series of
irregularities
observed in an ultrasonic
profile
indicating a possible defect.
3.1.3
depth
interval,
n—thè
maximum incrementai spacing
along thè
pile
shaft
between ultrasonic pulses.
3.1.4
integrity
evaluation, n—thè qual i tat ive evalual ion
of
thè concrete continuity and consistency between thè
access
ducts
or
boreholes.
3.1.5 specifier, n—thè
party
requesting
that
thè
tests are
carried out, fo r
examp le ,
thè
engineer
or
c lient.
3.1.6 ultrasonic profile, n—a combined graphical output of
a series of me asured or processed ultraso nic pulses
wi th
depth.
3.1.7 ultrasonic
pulse — t for one
specific depth
of a
short
duration ge nerated
by a transmitter
probe
o r
sensed
by th è
receiver
probe.
4 Principle of
thè Test Method
4.1 The
actual velocity
of sound
w av e
propagat ion in
concrete is dependent on thè concrete material properties ,
geometry of thè element and wave length of thè
sound wave s .
When ultrasonic frequencies (for example, >20 000 Hz) are
generated, Pressure (P) waves and'Shear (S) waves t ravel
though thè concrete. Because S wav es a re relatively slow, ihey
are of no further interest in this method. In good quality
concrete thè P-wave ve loc i ty would
typically
range b e tween
'
This test method
is
under thè jurisdictio n
of ASTM Com mittee DI X on
Soil
and
is thè direct responsihil ity of Subcornni tu • • • D 8. on Deep Fou ndations.
Current edition
approved
Jan 10,
2002.
Publ isho l Apr i ' -002 .
Annua Book af A S T M Standards, V oi
04.08.
© A S T M
International
100
Barr
Harbor D r v c PO Box C 7 C C
West
Corshohocken
PA 19428-2959 United States.
8/20/2019 Standard Test Method for Crosshole Testing
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/standard-test-method-for-crosshole-testing 2/4
to
4400 m/s. Poor
qua l i ty
concre t e con t a in ing a n o m a l i e s
example ,
soil
i nc lus ion ,
gnivel . water , dr i l l ing
m u d ,
concrete , or excess ive segrega-
th è cons t i t uen t
pa r t i c l e s ) b u s a compara t ive ly lower
ve loc i t y .
B y
m ea s u r i n g t hè
i ransi t
t ime
of an ul t rasonic
betvveen
an ul trasonic iransmit ' .er and receivef in
access ducls cast
i n to th è
concrete
spaced a l a k n o w n d i s t ance
apjirt, such
m a y b e de t ec t ed . U s u a l i y th è t r a n s m i t t e r and re-
rnain tained a l equa l e l eva i iorn a s tliey a re rnoved t ip
th è
access d uc t s . In some cases
an d
for special
probes m a y b e de l i b e ra te l y oiìset in relat ive
an d thè use of mult ip le
receivers eilher in
th è
same
d u c i
or in
mul t ip le access d u c f s
can also b e
a l l o w ed .
T he
an d l im i t a t ion s of
th è
test an d in terprelat ion of th è
a re descr ibed in th è Referer .ces sect ion
u l t r a son ic p robes ,
one a
' .ransmitter
and
th è other
a
a re
lowered
an d
l i f t ed u sua l l y
in unison in
their
water-f i l led
access
ducts io test
th è
f u l l shaf i length
top to
bot tom.
The t ransmi t t e r
p robe
genera te s
u l t rasonic
a t f requen t and regu l a r intcrva ls d u r i n g th è probes'
trave rate. T he probe dep th a n d
r c c e i v e r
p robe ' s
( l imed
relat ive
to th è t r an sminer probe ' s u l t r a son ic
genera t i on)
are recorded fo r
e a eh pulso.
T he
rece ive r ' s
a re s a m p l ed and s aved a s
a m p h t u d e
versus t i m e
Fig. 1 ).
3 Alternately. thè s ignals m a y b e inodulaux to a scries of
and w h i t e l in es
cor respond ing
respect ivel) to thc
posi t ive
peaks o f thè s ignal . In eilher case, thè data are
processed and presen ted lo show
th è f i r s i
arriv;;] of th è
pulse and
th è
relat ive
energ>
of
th è
s ignal to a id
T he
processed d a t a
a re
p lot ted ver sus dep th
as a
r epresen t a t ion o f th è
ii l irasonic
proi i le of
th è
tested
Special test m e t h o d s to f u n h e r i nves t i ga t e a n o m a l i e s
w he r e
th è
probes
are noi raised
toaether .
T hc
scct ion l is t s fur ther so iuces of information a b o u t
special les t
techn
ques .
an d
U se
.1
This
m e thod
use s data from ult rasonic probes lowered
para lei access duc t s in
th è
pi le or s iructure to assess th è
an d i n teg rhy of concre t e >eiween th è probes. T he
are used to
c o n f i m i
a d eq u a t e co n c r e te qua l i t y or i denti f y
poor
qua l i t y .
If
defcc t s
m e d e t e c t e d ,
then fur ther
s h o u l d be inade by excavation or
coru ig
th è
a s appropriale, or by other
l e s i m i
such a s Test Method
D 4 9 4 5 or D
5882 ,
a n d m e a s u r c s t aker to remediate
if a
d e f e c t
is
con f i rmed
1 — T h e
qua l i t y
o f
thè resul t p r o J ' i i v d
b y t h i s
s t i i i iù i rd
is
o n t h è c o m p e t e n c e of th c
pe r s u r meì
perforrnì i ig i l , an d ih e
o f thc eq u i p i nen l and fhc i l i i i c s u s c d . Agendi's that n w e t thè
of Practice
D
3740 are genera )' consideri capat i le
o f
c o n i p c t e n t
and i nspcc i ion .
Users ofths
s t n n n a r d a r e umi ioncd
FIG
1 1
rns uration Ultrasonic Pulso from
Receìver
D 6 7 6 0
that
comp l i ance
w i t h
Prac tice D
3740 does noi
in
itself assure r e l i ab l e
r e su l t s . R e l i ab le rcsulis depend
on m a n y
factors; Practice
D 3740
provides
a
m e a n s o f
e v a l u a t i n g some
of
those
factors.
6 Apparatus
6. 1
Apparatiis
for Aìlowing Internai nspcctìon Access
Ducts)
— To
provide access
fo r
th è probes, access d u c t s
can be
preformed tubes, wh ich a re preferably ins ta l led d u r i n g thè pi le
or
st ructure insta l la t ion . T he tubes shall preferably b e mi ld
steel. Plastic tubes. w h i l e not preferred, can be used in special
ci rcumstances i f approved by thè test agency b u t
require
m o r e
f requent a t tachment to thè reinforcing
cage
to m a i n t a i n a l i gn -
ment .
T he
plastic malerial m u s t
n ot
deform dur ing thè h igh
t empera tures o f concrete cur ing . I f n o tubes a re in s t a l l ed dur ing
construct ion , boreholes dr i l led in to thè pi le or
s tn i c ture
can be
ins tal led
after
i n s t a l l a t i on . T he in ternai d i a m e t e r of
thè access
ducts shal l
b e
suflìcienl
to
a l low thè easy passage
of
th è
ul t rasonic
probes
over
thè
ent ire
access d uc i
l en g t h .
Jf
th è
access
duc i d iameter is too large
i l in f iuences
th è precision of
arr ivai
t ime an d ca l cu la t ed concrete w ave speed. Access d u c t s
typica l ly have an interna i d iameter from 38 lo 50 mm.
6. 2
Apparaius for
Determinine Physical Test
Parameters
6.2.1
Weigh ted
Measuring
Tape
— A p l u n i b bob con n ec t ed
to a measuring lape sha l l be used a s a d u m m y probe to c h e c k
free passage ihrough
and de tenn ine
th è
unobs t ruc i ed
l en g t h
of
each access d u c i to thè nearest 1 0 0 m m . T h e p l u m b b o b shal l
have a d iameter s imilar to thè d iameter of thè
p robes .
6.2.2 Mcignetic Compass—h m a g n e t i c
com p a s s
a c cu r a t e
to
w i i h ù i
10° sha l l
be
used
to documenl
th è access d u c i d e s i g n a -
t ion s compared wi th
th è
s i te layout
p ian .
Al t erna t e ly , access
duc l s
can be
labeled based
on
th è
site pian, s i ruclure
or ienta-
tion
or
other methods
to
d o c u m e m
access
d u c i
des igna t ions
assigned and used for r epon ing test resul ts .
6. 3 pparati t i for Obtaining
Measurementr.
6.3.1
Probes—Probes
shal l
a l l o w
a
generated
or
d e t e c t ed
pulse
within
1 00
rn m
of thè bot toni of thè access duc i . The
we igh t
of
each probe shall
in al i
cases
be suff i c i ent to
a l low
it
to s ink under i ts own weight in th è access duc t s . The p robe
hous ing sha l l
be
waterproof
to at
least 1 .5 t i m e s th è m a x i m u m
depth of test ing .
6.3.2 Transmitter Probe-—The transmi i ler probe shal l gen -
erale an u l t r a son ic pu l se wi th a m i n i m u m
f r eq u en cy
of 30 000
O ̂ \\
H z.
6.3.3
Receivcr Probe
— T h e
r ece iver
probe shal l be of a
similar size
an d
compatile
des ign lo
th è
t r an smi t t e r p robe an d
used to de tec t th è arr ivai of thè uhrasonic pulse generated by
th è transni i t te r probe.
6.3.4 Probe Centralizer— If
thè
r ece iver
or
t r a n s m i t l e r
probes .
or both, are less than
ha l f
th è
access
due t d iameter ,
each probe shall be
fitted
wi lh
centra l izers
w i t h e f l ec t i ve
d iameter equ iva l en t to al least 50 % o f th è access
d u c i
d iame t e r . It shal l be designed to m i n i m i z e any poss ib l e
snagg ing on irregularit ies in
th è
inner access
d uc i
w a l l .
6.3.5 Signat
Transmission
Cables— T h e s ignal cables used
to deploy
ihe
probes and transmit data from thè probes shal l be
su f f ic ien t ly robust lo supporl th è p robes ' w e i g h t . T h e c a b l e
shall
b e
abrasion resis tan i
to
allow repeated
iield
use and
main t a in f l e x i b i l i t y in
th è
range of
an t i c ipa ied t empera tures .
A li cable connectors or splices. if any, shall b e w a t e r l i g h t .
8/20/2019 Standard Test Method for Crosshole Testing
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/standard-test-method-for-crosshole-testing 3/4
D6760
Where thè signal transmiss ion
cub le s
e x i t th è access duc i ,
suitable cable guides. pulleys or cush ion ing materia shall be
fitted inside thè access ducts to m i n i m i z e abrasion and gener-
ally assist w i t h
smooth dep loymcn l o f thè
probes .
6.3.6 Probe
Depth-Meaxuring
Device—The signal cables
shall
b e passed over or through a p u l l e y w i t h a dep th-encoding
dev ice
to determine
th è
depth lo
i l i o local ion
of th è transmit ler
and receiver on thè probes in thè access duc t s th roughoui
th è
test. The design of thè depth-measi i r ing device sha l l be such
ihal
cable slippage shall not
occur .
Pre ie rab ly
a
separate
deplh-measuring
dev ice ,
s u c h
as d i ree m a r k in g s on ine
cables,
shal mon itor each probe separate i y su th è
e xa c t
depth of each
probe is
k n o w n
al
a l i t imes. (A l l e rna te i y
a single
p u l l e y can
b e
connected
to one
electronic depth encuder , b u i then th è probes
must remain a t th è same k n o w n re l a t i ve eleva t ion dif te rence
for th è
entire
test.
Th e deplh-measuriniz
device
shall be
accu ra te
to
w i i h i n
1 % of
th è
access
duc i l eng th ,
or
0.25
m,
whichever i s
larger.
6.4
Apparatus for
Reconling
Pmcessin\> an d Displaying
Data:
6.4.1
Genera/—The s ignals
freni
th è t ransmit te r and re-
ce ive r probes
and thè
dep th-measu r ing
device shal l b e trans-
mitted
to a field
r i igged, de ba t i e r y powered . c on pu t e r i z ed
apparatus fo r recording,
processili'-.
1 ar.d
d i sp lay ing
th è data in
th è
form
of
an
ul trasonic profi le. \ l sche r na t i c ar range-
ment for thè test apparatus is i l l u s t r a t e d in F ig 2. The appa ra tus
shall
generate
pulses from thè
tra: sini:ter
probe ei ther at f ixed
depth inlervals or al f ixed l ime
i n t e rva . s . In thè
la t ter case,
ih e
deplh shall be recorded and assigned to eacli pu lse c a p t u r ed b y
th è
appa ra lus
fo r thè
instani o f p u N e
generat'.on. The
rate
of
pul se
generat ion by
either
meihoJ s h ; . l l
genera te a i
leasl one
ulirasonic
pu l se fo r every required depth inserva i , lyp ica l ly 50
m m or
less.
The appa ra tus sh; : i ì l iave
ad ius t ab le
gain to
op t imize
detection of
ih e i ransrm' iec: pulse t > \ è
r ece iver
probe for
th è
concre te under test .
6.4.2
Recording Apparatus
— 1
neh
t ran smined
u l t r a son ic
pulse shal l
immedia te l y
start
th è d ; i t a
a cqu i s i i i on
fo r
th è
receiver probe. A n a l og s ignais of a r u l i rasonx 1 pu l se measured
b y th è
rece ìv ing
probe
shall
b e d i g : t i / e J by an analog to
d ig i ta i
convel ler
w i l h a m i n i m u m a m p l k u d e
l e so l u i on
of 1 2 b i t s and
a minimum sampl ing i requency o : 2 5 ( <
000
H / . The apparatus
shall
read
th è
d ep t h - m ea su r i n g d e v i c e and
ass ign
a depth to
each
d i g i t ke d
u l i r a son i c pu l se . Tlie a ppa r a l u s shal l store these
ravv
digitized ultrasonic
pulses
a:id ine
pr;>cessed
data from
each
u l lrasonic
profi le
fo r
ea c h pa ; r
of access
clucis. A l i stored
data
sha l l
have
i d e n t i f y i n g headf
.marma: .vi a t tached to i l
escrib ing thè
lesi local ion. profi le idenlif ier. da te s iamp a nd al i
er t inent informat ion regarding th è t e^ .
6.4.3 Apparatili-
far
Processing Data—The a ppa r a l u s fo r
processing
thè
data
shall
be a digita i computer or micropro-
cessor
capab le of ana lyz ing ali data to
identi fy
a t
leasl
thè first
arr ivai
and energy of thè transmit ied ul trasonic pulse a t thè
receiver
probe fo r
each
depth interval. Th e data shall then be
compiled into a single ultrasonic profile for each
d u c i
pai r .
6.4.4
Apparatus
far
Display
of Measured Data—The appa-
ra tus shal l be capable of displaying th è r aw r ece iver u l t r a son i c
pulses lo conf imi data qua l i t y d u r i n g
acqu is i t ion .
A fter data
acquisi t ion.
th è
apparatus shal l be capable of displaying th è
raw data of each ultrasonic pulse along thè ent i re pi le length.
The
apparatus shal l also display
th è processed
u l t r a son i c
profile. Th e apparatus may
optionally
include a printer for on
site o u t p u t
of results.
7 Procedure
7. 1 Jnsrallation of Preforme d Access Ducts:
7.1.1 General—The access
ducts shall b e suppl i ed and
installed during construction by or in cooperai ion w i th ihe
coniractor of thè pi le or s t ruc tu re to be tesled. Th e total n u m b e r
of
installed access
duc t s i n
th è
p i l e or s t r uc ture shou ld b e
chosen consis tenl wilh good coverage
of ihe
cross seci ion.
A s
a guide, th è number of access d u c t s is
often
selected as one
du c i for every 0.25 to 0.30 m of pi le diameler, w i l h a m i n i m u m
of three access d u c t s . spaced equa l ly around thè c i rc u m t e r en c e .
Typical access du c i l ayou l coni ìgurat ions for
v a r i o u s
s t ruc t u ra l
elements are il lustraled in Fig. 3.
7.1.2 Preformati Access
Tube
Preparano/ -
Th e
access
tubes shall
b e
stra ight
a nd
free from
in terna i obs t ruc t ions . Th e
exierior tube surface shall be free
from
contamina i ion ( for
example , oil .
dir t , loose
rust.
mil i
scale,
etc.),
and for p l a s t i c
t u b e s
th è
surface shal l b e fu l ly roughened b y abrasion pr ior io
installalion. to ensure a good bond between thè tube surface
and th è
su r rounding
concrete. The ends of
th è t u b e s
sha l l b e
undamaged
and su i l ab ly prepared fo r
ih e
end c a p s and
c ou -
pl ing System adopted. The access l u b e s sha l l be c lose-ended al
th è
bol lom
and
fìtted w i th r emovable
end
caps a i th è
lo p to
prevent
eniry
of concrete or
foreign objecis ,
w h i c h
c ou l d b lock
th è tubes prior lo tesiing operaiions.
7.1.3
Preformaci
Access
Tube Extenaions
— If ex tens ion
of
thè access tubes is necessary due io
long tube
lengths, access
t u b e
coup l ings sha l l
b e
used w h i c h preven t s l u r r y
or
grout
ingress dur ing construct ion. B u t t w e l d i n g f or siee t ube cou-
pl ings shal l not be
permilted.
F or
c ou p l i n g
plast ic tubes,
FIG Test Arrangement
FIG
3 Typical
Access
Duct Configurations
8/20/2019 Standard Test Method for Crosshole Testing
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/standard-test-method-for-crosshole-testing 4/4
D676
with th è
measured
access duci ìeng th . In compar i ng these
measurements
a
correction
should he made to account
fo r th è
length between thè bo t tom o f th è p robe assembly to
th è
exact
point of thè t ransmit ter and
receiver
on th è
probe.
T he
difference
berween thè corrected
measurements shall not ex-
ceed
1
% of t hè
measured
length
or
( i .25
m. whichever is larger.
7.6.3 Ensure t ha t
th è
capiured data is labeled
w i t h th è
pi le
idenlification, identi t ìcation o f th è tw o access ducts fo r thè data
set, date o f test , identification o f th è test operator. and any
further necessary
project informai
ori
such
as
site
an d
location
details as requested by th è spentier. S to re th è data an d
information
safely.
7 .7 Completing thè
Tesr.
7.7.1 If th è
ult rasonic
profi le i nd icn tes an
ano ma ly , then
th è
suspecl anomaly
zone
rnay
be
fur ther
invesiigated by
special
test procedures such
as fan
shapecl tests,
tests
w i th th è probes
raised
at a fixed
offset
distante, or oliici
tomographical
techniques
(2, 3).
The probes
shai l
he lowered to a depili of at
least
1 m
belovv
thè
anomaly
anc raised
to a
deptfi
of at
least
1 m above th è
anomaly .
7.7.2 Repeat
7.5-7.7 fo r th è reniain ing
pai rs
o f
access ducts.
NOTI 5 — I f
specifice , thè accesa ductx
,nia\e grouu-d upor.
completion
o f thè
t c s t i ng .
7.8 Analysis
of Measurements .
7.8.1 A
hard
copy o f
th è u l t rason i c profiles shal l
be
clearly
presented an d
anno ta ted .
T he uhnisonic profi les shall be
collated separately
fo r
each
tesi
pi le
or
strutture.
A s a
mini -
mum,
th è profi le shal l include thè
culculated re la t ive
energy
an d th è arrivai
t ime
or calculated \ > . i : v c speed
derived
from th è
arrivai t ime and tube spacing .
The
le i ;
edge
o f thè t radi t ional
"waterfair
diagram also
def ines
ih;
arrivai
t ime.
Fig.
4
i l lus trates
both t h i s t rad i t i ona l "vunerfa l l" dr. igram shown o n
r igh i
an d processed s ignals on lei : . Tii is dai;; shows a special
tesi
pile with
purposely instaHed
ano ma l ies
a t depihs o f
1.8,
8. 2
an d 14.2
m
be low th è
top of
th è ucc.-ss duc t s ,
s h ow i n g
both
arrivai time
delay
an d
loss
of s igna sirength at each anomaly
locat ion.
No n : 6 — I t is s t rong ly
sugges ted
tha t ih.-
va t c r fa l
d i ag ram
w hich is a
nes t i ng o t ul t rasonic puises in an u t raso : : i c p io t i le) b? inc lude: in t hc data
p resen t a t i o n .
If th è
wa t e r fa l l d i ag ram
i -o' presc'iK-c. in thc reperì, th è
or ig i n a i data must
b e
k e p t p e n n u n c n i l y .m o K ^ actxssihlc
to
censtruct th è
waterfal l d iagram i f requested durin g a posa t i l e fu ture review.
N O T E
7 — F i l t e r i n g
o r s m o o t h i n g o f t h . nrccessed re^ul ts shal be kept to
an abs o l u te
m i n i m u m
since excessive
sr . io ,> th ing
or f i i tenng ca n h ide
defects
an d t hus lead to improper i n ie rp j c ta ' ì on o '
results .
Thercfore, if
an y t ì l ier ing or smoothing of thc datt , is ;vrfonned for thc processed
results, thcn
th è
waterf a l l d iagram m us; ;i:so be pr.-scntctl in thc reperì.
7.8.2
The
results
o f
thè analysis shall
i nc lude
th è t ime
o f
fìrst
arrivai
o f
thè ul trasonic
puises (o r
calcuiaied wave speed)
an d Ihe relat ive energy
ploi ted
i v l a l i v c lo th è pile depth to
quant i fy th è exlent
an d
location o' a n >
appurent
anomaly.
A n y
further
in terpretai ion
is quali tative- an c
possib iy
re la t ive lo th è
parlicular
pile material,
constru. ' iion characteristics of
thè
tested
structure,
and thè
apparati^
ased.
Interpreiai ìon there-
fore musi
con t a in proper e n g i n e e r : : i L > j t
d g m e n t
an d experience .
A n y
evaluation
o f i n tegr i ly is to he nude by :in eng inee r wi th
specialized
expe r ience
in this fiele:.
;;mì
is
b e v o n d
th è
scope
o f
th is
standard.
SE
Lcngth 15.1212 raten
4
t ryy
(log)
SadB
0 1 25
Airìvai
Tyre ms )
fluft
SE
Ungth<15.1212
meters
SpKng 0.4572
meters
FIG 4
Typical Ultrasonic Profile
8
Report
8. 1 Generai
— T he test report shall contain
th è
f o l l o w i n g
i n fonna t ion when avai lable
o r
applicable :
8 . 1 . 1 Ident i f icat ion of les t ing agency,
8.1.2 Project and
c l ient
i den l i f i ca t i on ,
8.1.3
Daie of
test,
8.1.4 Description
of thè
tes t ing apparalus
u n i i an d
probes,
an d
8.1.5
Ident i f ica t ion o f test staff and of person respons ib le fo r
thè validity
of thc
test report.
8.2 T e s i P H e s ) :
8.2.1
Ident i f icat ion
an d
location
o f
test
pile.
8.2.2
As-bui l t
geometry
o f
test
pile
i n c l u d i n g n o m i n a i
and/or acluai d iameter and lengih,
8.2.3 Test pile
ins tal lat ion daie
an d
method, w i ih
an y
specifìc ins ta l la t ion obse rva tions ,
8.2.4
Arrangemenl an d
identification
o f
access
ducts, rela-
t ive separat ion
o f
ducts,
an d iden t i f y i ng des igna t i c i documen -
tation,
8.2.5
A n y fai lure o f
th è probes
to
pen etrate
th è
f u l l depth
o f
thè access ducts shall be repoited,
8.2.6 Cut -o f f an d g round e ievat ion o f th è pi le , e leva t i on o f
each
access duci
top.
o r
length
of access
duci
a b o v e
p i le
top al
t ime
o f
test,
an d
8.2.7
A n y
other specific
observat ion or
g i ven i n fo rmat i on
relè van i
to
each pi le
tesied
(for
example, excavaiion . soil
