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Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure...

Date post: 17-Jan-2018
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Starch Composition Amylose. Linear  -1,4 glucose chain. DP: , MW~10 6. Branch approximately every 200 glucose units Amylopectin. Linear  -1,4 chain with an  -1,6 branch approximately every 20 glucose units. MW~10 8 Amylose: amylopectin ~ 1:3 –Waxy starches all amylopectin –High amylose mutants up to 70% amylose
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Starch FDSC400
Transcript
Page 1: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Starch

FDSC400

Page 2: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Goals

• Starch structure• Starch gelatinization• Modified starches • Cellulose structure• Cellulose ingredients

Page 3: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Starch Composition

• Amylose. Linear -1,4 glucose chain. DP: 180-320, MW~106. Branch approximately every 200 glucose units

• Amylopectin. Linear -1,4 chain with an -1,6 branch approximately every 20 glucose units. MW~108

• Amylose: amylopectin ~ 1:3– Waxy starches all amylopectin– High amylose mutants up to 70% amylose

Page 4: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Amylose Structure

Page 5: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Amylopectin Structure

Page 6: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

                                                                          

Amaranth starch(Bar: 1 µm)

Arrowroot starch(Bar: 20 µm)

Buckwheat starch(Bar: 5 µm)

                                            

                                                          

Cassava starch(Bar: 10 µm)

Corn starch(Bar: 10 µm)

Oat starch(Bar: 5 µm)

                                            

                                                          

Potato starch(Bar: 50 µm)

Rice starch(Bar: 2 µm)

Kidney bean starch(Bar: 20 µm)

Page 7: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Granule Structure

Page 8: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Amylopectin in Granules

Page 9: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Visco/Amylo/Graph

Page 10: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

ViscoAmyloGraph

Time

Vis

cosi

ty 65oC

90oC30oC

heating constant temperature

Page 11: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.
Page 12: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Starch Ingredients

• Must be cooked• Gel slowly• Show syneresis• Break down under shear• Break down under acid conditions• Forms complexes

Page 13: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Modified Starches

• Depolymerized– Acid etched– Acid hydrolyzed– Enzyme modified

• Pregelatinized• Chemically modified

– Stabilized– Cross linked

Page 14: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Cellulose Structure

-1,4 polyglucose• Very large molecule• Crystalline (hydrogen-bonded) and non-

crystalline regions

Page 15: Starch FDSC400. Goals Starch structure Starch gelatinization Modified starches Cellulose structure Cellulose ingredients.

Cellulose Ingredients

• Microcrystalline Cellulose• Carboxymethyl cellulose• Methyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl

cellulose


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