Date post: | 11-May-2015 |
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I. Interstellar Medium
II. Nebula
III. Protostar
IV. Main Sequence
V. Red Giant
VI. Supernova
V. White Dwarf
_____________ _____________ is the total mass of the gas and dust between the stars.
Interstellar Medium
_____________ a dense cloud of dust and gases.NEBULA
The nebula begins to contract due to __________ and the pressure and temperature increase and becomes a ________________.
GRAVITYPROTOSTAR
When the temperature gets hot enough, _______________ begins and a _______ ____________ star is born.
FUSIONMAIN SEQUENCE
A star loses ____________ during fusion as energy is released. This decreases the star’s gravity. A star will expand, becoming a _________, when the outward force of __________ is greater than the inward force of ___________.
massRED GIANT
fusiongravity
As the fuel runs out in a star, _________ slows down. When the ______________ force of fusion is less than the ____________ force of gravity, the star will shrink in size, becoming a _________ _________.
fusionoutward inward
WHITE DWARF
A SUPERNOVA is an EXPLOSION that marks the end of a very massive star’s life.
Small and medium stars become __________________ once they die.
Larger stars become novae and die as: ____________NEUTRON STAR
BLACK DWARVES
Hertzprung-Russell Diagram
BRIGHTNESS• Variables which affect a star’s
brightness:• Star size• Distance from Earth• Star temperature
• Apparent Brightness: The amount of light received on Earth from a star.
• Actual Brightness: How large and hot a star is in relation to other stars.
• A star’s temperature can be determined by its color.• All objects will glow a different color when heated differently• Colors hottest to coolest: Blue/white yellow orange red.
GALAXIES
• Galaxy: A large group of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity.
• Milky Way: Our galaxy which contains about 200 billion stars and many nebulas
Spiral Galaxies
• Galaxies are grouped together in clusters.
• The cluster the Milky Way belongs to is called the Local Group.
• Three types of galaxies:
• Cluster of galaxies
Elliptical Galaxies
• Elliptical Galaxies: Most common type of galaxy; large three-dimensional football shaped galaxies.
-Contain mostly older and dimmer stars.
Spiral Galaxies
• Spiral Galaxies: Circular galaxies that have arms curve outward from a central hub.– Arms are made up
of stars and dust
• Two spiral galaxies!!
More Spiral Galaxies
• Barred spiral galaxies: Have two spiral arms extending out.
Irregular Galaxies
• Irregular Galaxies: Come in many different shapes and are smaller and less common than elliptical or spiral galaxies.