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STARTER 1. Which of the following is an example of a unicellular organism?a) Humanb) Pine Treec) Antd) E. coli bacteria
2. Asexual reproduction can also be referred to as:
a)Multicellularb)Photosynthesisc) Mitosisd)Respiration
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Biology
WHAT ARE THEY?
Contain CarbonCarbon is a naturally occurring element that is found in ALL Living Organisms
There are 4 classes of Organic CompoundsCarbohydratesLipidsNucleic AcidsProteins
CARBOHYDRATES
Purpose:“quick energy”structural support
CARBOHYDRATES
Examples include:Sugars (all end in “ose”)
Glucose = a type of monosaccharideFructose = a type of disaccharideCellulose(found in a plant’s cell wall) = a polysaccharide
StarchesBread, Pasta = types of polysaccharides
Glycogen is a starch breaks down to form glucose
CARBOHYDRATES
Subunit:Monosaccharides (1 sugar)
Disaccharides (2 sugars)Polysaccharides (3 or more sugars)
LIPIDS
Purpose:“long term” energy storageinsulationcell membrane
LIPIDS
Examples: Fats, waxes, oils, butter
The structure of a lipid forms an E shape 3 fatty acids & 1 glycerolFatty Acid
Fatty Acid
Fatty Acid
G
L
Y
C
E
R
O
L
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Function: Genetic Material Stores informationGenesBlueprints for building proteins DNA RNA Proteins
Transfers informationTo new cells
NUCLEIC ACIDS•Subunits:
• Nucleotides• One nucleotide contains Phosphate, Sugar and Base
•One nucleotide is a monomer
•Nucleotide chained together makes a polymer (like DNA and RNA)
Examples: DNA & RNA
PROTEINS
Multipurpose molecules! Growth and repair Provide structural support Hormones Immune System Enzymes
Proteins come in all different shapes!
PROTEINS
Subunit: Amino Acids
20 different amino acids (each one is different)
Chain of amino acids creates = protein
PROTEINS
Examples: Muscle Skin, hair, fingernails
Collagen and Keratin
Insulin Hormone controls blood sugar
Enzymes Help chemical reactions
Hemoglobin found in red blood cells (it transports oxygen)