State of Illinois Pat Quinn, GovernorDept. of Human Services Michelle Saddler, SecretaryIllinois School f/t Deaf Dr. Janice Smith-Warshaw, Supt.
ISD website: www.illinoisdeaf.org 217-479-4200
ILLINOIS SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF125 Webster, Jacksonville, IL
The mission of the Illinois School for the Deaf is to educate students who are deaf or hard of
hearing to be responsible, self supporting citizens.
State of Illinois Pat Quinn, GovernorDept. of Human Services Michelle Saddler, SecretaryIllinois School f/t Deaf Dr. Janice Smith-Warshaw, Supt.
ISD Outreach website: www.bit.ly/ISDOutreach Like us on Facebook! bit.ly/isdoutreach
217-479-4393
FREE training and consultation in support of Illinois children who are
deaf or hard of hearing
ILLINOIS SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF OUTREACH
The Impact of The Impact of Hearing LossHearing Loss
…or “A Little Hearing Loss is a Big Thing”
Objectives
The audience will:• Understand “a little hearing loss is a big thing”• Be aware of “red flag” behaviors• Learn accommodation strategies • Better understand how to work with an
educational interpreter
From Oliver Sacks “Seeing Voices”
“Unless special measures are taken, the average deaf child will have only fifty to sixty words at the age of six, whereas the average hearing child has three thousand.”
And...
“If communication goes awry, it affects the intellectual growth, social intercourse, language development, and emotional attitudes, all at once, simultaneously and inseparable.”
A Word About Words
• Deaf vs. deaf
• Dumb vs. mute
• Hearing Impaired
• “People first” language
• Decibel (dB)
Degrees of Hearing Loss
• Normal Hearing
• Mild Hearing Loss
• Moderate Hearing Loss
• Severe Hearing Loss
• Profound
http://www.firstyears.org/lib/howtoread.htm
http://firstyears.org/lib/hearloss.htm
Spelling Test
Listen carefully!
A mild hearing loss can cause a child to be
a grade level behind in reading and math!
Max Stanley Chartrand Ph.D., Health & Human Services/Research in Commuunicative Disorders
A child with a mild hearing loss can pass
the school hearing screening!
“Children with a unilateral hearing loss
are 10 times as likely to be held back
at least one grade level compared
with children with normal hearing.”
Self Help for Hard of Hearing
Ear Infections
• Can cause a mild hearing loss
• Recurring incidence
• Allergies
• Symptoms
So….….What would you have missed in
your household this morning if
you couldn’t hear?
It’s more than a hearing loss…It means losing the ability to connect with those around you.
• Input for developing speech/language
• Communication
• Language
• Academic and social skills
Think about it!
• Linguistic structures
• Optimum language learning
• Early identification
Impact of Hearing Loss
• Normal
• Mild
• Moderate
1 year
2.0 years
2.9 years
Degree of Loss Language Delay
Impact of Hearing Loss
• Moderate/Severe
• Severe
• Profound
3.5+ years
Degree of Loss Language Delay
Impact of Hearing Loss
CulturalDeficit
EconomicDeficit
VocationalDeficit
Psych.Deficit
SocialDeficit
EducationDeficit
ExperienceDeficit
Commun.Deficit
LanguageDeficit
AuditoryDisability
EconomicDeficit
VocationalDeficit
Psych.Deficit
SocialDeficit
EducationDeficit
ExperienceDeficit
Commun.Deficit
LanguageDeficit
AuditoryDisability
VocationalDeficit
Psych.Deficit
SocialDeficit
EducationDeficit
ExperienceDeficit
Commun.Deficit
LanguageDeficit
AuditoryDisability
Psych.Deficit
SocialDeficit
EducationDeficit
ExperienceDeficit
Commun.Deficit
LanguageDeficit
AuditoryDisability
SocialDeficit
EducationDeficit
ExperienceDeficit
Commun.Deficit
LanguageDeficit
AuditoryDisability
EducationDeficit
ExperienceDeficit
Commun.Deficit
LanguageDeficit
AuditoryDisability
ExperienceDeficit
Commun.Deficit
LanguageDeficit
AuditoryDisability
Commun.Deficit
LanguageDeficit
AuditoryDisability
LanguageDeficit
AuditoryDisability
AuditoryDisability
Impact in the classroom• Teacher’s voice
• Acoustics
• Academic performance
(MARRS Project 1979-93)
Amplification
• Hearing aids • Cochlear implantshttp://hesp.ent.uci.edu/drupal/node/13
Amplification
• FM systems • Sound field systems
Red Flag Behaviors
• Inattentive
• Asks for repetition
• Speech, language problems
• Allergies, colds, ear infections
More Red Flag Behaviors
• Omits endings “sh”, “s”, “th”, “f”
• Very visual
• Inconsistent hearing
• Answers unrelated to questions
Even More Red Flag Behaviors
• Ear pain; tugs ear
• Poor balance
• Loud noises are painful
• Short attention span
Still More…
• Distractible
• Immaturity
• Fails to follow directions
• Loses place while reading
Not done yet….
• Strains to listen, favors one ear
• Uses inappropriate speaking behavior
• Watches speaker’s face more than normal
What if you suspect a hearing loss?
• Refer to the school nurse for screening
• Parents can also ask for a referral to
– the school nurse
– an audiologist
– an ENT (eye, ear, nose and throat doctor)
Educational Responsibilities
IDEA requires:•Special needs be considered
•Individual Education Plan (IEP)
•A Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
Educational Responsibilities
IDEA requires:•Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
•US Dept. of Education
•Public Act 093-0282
In the Classroom
Tips:
•Attitude
•Educate class on hearing loss
•Encourage class participation
•Encourage interaction
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the ClassroomTips:
•Seating
•Environmental noise
•Stand still!
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the Classroom
Tips:
•Talking
• Face student
• Stand away from windows/bright lights
• Speak at moderate pace
• Use normal mouth movements
• Indicate when others are talking
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the Classroom
Tips:
•Talking
• Facial hair
• Intelligibility
• Rephrase
• Covering face
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the Classroom
Tips:
•Announcements
•Vocabulary
•Give material in advance
•Captioned videos
•Written tests
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the ClassroomTips:
•Check for understanding
•Visual fatigue
•Emergencies
•Note taker
•Interpreter
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
Educational Interpreters
• Trained professionals
• ISBE Approval Standards
• Code of Ethics
• Convey ALL interactions
• Do not add/delete information
• Do not offer opinions
Educational InterpretersQuestions for you!•Is it easy to learn using an interpreter?
•Are the interpreter’s skills important?
• Quality of education
• Student success
Role of the Educational Interpreter
Levels of Responsibility
Student
InterpreterYoung child
High School
Educational Interpreters• CANNOT
• Assume teacher/aide responsibilities
• Be responsible for managing or disciplining the class
• Be responsible for disciplining the student who is deaf or hard of hearing
Working with an InterpreterTips:
•Look at the student when speaking
•Use normal tone/speed
•Use the first/second person only• Correct: “Did you understand the story?”
• Incorrect: “Ask her if she understood the story.”
Tips•Lag time
•Clarification
•Positioning
Working with an Interpreter
Tips
•Visual Information
•Attention• Notes
• Worksheets
•Visual Fatigue
Working with an Interpreter
Summary
• Even a little hearing loss can be a big thing.• Hearing loss impacts language development,
academic growth, communication, and social-emotional development.
• Early identification and intervention is key to keeping children with a hearing loss on track.
• Amplification can be specific to an individual or provided as a classroom intervention.
• Connecting the dots of red flag behaviors can aid with early identification.
Summary• Every student has the right to a free and
appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment.
• Classroom accommodations should be implemented as soon as a hearing loss is identified.
• Illinois School for the Deaf Outreach provides free resources and training to schools (with CPDUs), communities, and parents throughout the state of Illinois.
Questions?
Thank you for
your time and attention!
