International Journal of Mechanical And Production Engineering, ISSN: 2320-2092, Volume- 4, Issue-2, Feb.-2016 Static Finite Element Analysis of N1 Type Chassis For Bending Performance Under Consideration of Different Chassis Material Properties 36 STATIC FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF N1 TYPE CHASSIS FOR BENDING PERFORMANCE UNDER CONSIDERATION OF DIFFERENT CHASSIS MATERIAL PROPERTIES 1 VIRENDRA KUWAR, 2 CHINMAY POTDAR, 3 AMEY PISE, 4 VRUSHABH JOIJODE 1 Automobile Research Association of India, (ARAI), Pune, INDIA 2 TATA Technologies Limited, Pune, INDIA 3 JFE Engineering Corporation, Pune Engineering Centre, INDIA 4 Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune E-mail: 2 [email protected], 3 [email protected], 4 [email protected]Abstract— The Automotive chassis is considered as the backbone of the vehicle. On chassis different members are provided to strengthen it and an important consideration in chassis design is also to have adequate bending stiffness for better handling characteristics. Thus, strength and stiffness are two important criteria for the design of the chassis. This paper is related with work performed towards the static structural analysis of the N1 type chassis andstudy of variation of bending stiffness of Chassis with different material properties as a part of final year graduate project at Automobile Research Association of India (ARAI).Structural systems like the chassis can be analyzed using the finite element techniques. Hence, a proper finite element model of the chassis is to be developed. The chassis in this project is modeled in CATIA V5. Analysis is done using the FEA software ANSYS. Keywords— Chassis, Catia, Ansys, Bending, Stiffness. I. INTRODUCTION A Vehicle without body is known as chassis frame. The frame serves as carcass to which the engine, the units of transmission, control system, and the body of automobile are fastened. It should exhibit sufficient stiffness so that the relative displacements of the mechanisms installed on it remains unchanged and the deformation of body is minimum under action of inertia and reaction loads. Chassis are made up of steel sections so that they are strong enough to withstand the loads and at the same time light enough to reduce the dead weight of the vehicle. The long sections which are at left and right positions are known as long members and the transverse sections connecting the long members are called as cross members. The total number of cross members is usually around 6-7. Cross members are joined to the long members using rivets or bolts and nuts to make the chassis robust and resistant to bending [1] II. FINITE ELEMENT MODEL VALIDATION 2.1 FEA model specifications [2] Table 1: Modelling parameters of chassis Fig.1: Cross section of long member Fig.2: Cross sections of cross members Fig.3: Final draft of chassis model (Isometric view)
Transcript
International Journal of Mechanical And Production Engineering, ISSN: 2320-2092, Volume- 4, Issue-2, Feb.-2016
Static Finite Element Analysis of N1 Type Chassis For Bending Performance Under Consideration of Different Chassis Material Properties
36
STATIC FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF N1 TYPE CHASSIS FOR BENDING PERFORMANCE UNDER CONSIDERATION OF
Abstract— The Automotive chassis is considered as the backbone of the vehicle. On chassis different members are provided to strengthen it and an important consideration in chassis design is also to have adequate bending stiffness for better handling characteristics. Thus, strength and stiffness are two important criteria for the design of the chassis. This paper is related with work performed towards the static structural analysis of the N1 type chassis andstudy of variation of bending stiffness of Chassis with different material properties as a part of final year graduate project at Automobile Research Association of India (ARAI).Structural systems like the chassis can be analyzed using the finite element techniques. Hence, a proper finite element model of the chassis is to be developed. The chassis in this project is modeled in CATIA V5. Analysis is done using the FEA software ANSYS. Keywords— Chassis, Catia, Ansys, Bending, Stiffness. I. INTRODUCTION A Vehicle without body is known as chassis frame. The frame serves as carcass to which the engine, the units of transmission, control system, and the body of automobile are fastened. It should exhibit sufficient stiffness so that the relative displacements of the mechanisms installed on it remains unchanged and the deformation of body is minimum under action of inertia and reaction loads. Chassis are made up of steel sections so that they are strong enough to withstand the loads and at the same time light enough to reduce the dead weight of the vehicle. The long sections which are at left and right positions are known as long members and the transverse sections connecting the long members are called as cross members. The total number of cross members is usually around 6-7. Cross members are joined to the long members using rivets or bolts and nuts to make the chassis robust and resistant to bending [1] II. FINITE ELEMENT MODEL VALIDATION 2.1 FEA model specifications [2]
Table 1: Modelling parameters of chassis
Fig.1: Cross section of long member
Fig.2: Cross sections of cross members
Fig.3: Final draft of chassis model (Isometric view)
International Journal of Mechanical And Production Engineering, ISSN: 2320-2092, Volume- 4, Issue-2, Feb.-2016
Static Finite Element Analysis of N1 Type Chassis For Bending Performance Under Consideration of Different Chassis Material Properties
37
Fig.4: Final draft of chassis model with dimensions
2.2 Load determination The load cases for this study are standardized cases and most of the calculations are carried out with the help of design data and other loading conditions. The main load acting on the chassis frameconsists of engine, transmission, fuel tank, steering gearbox and cargo. These are the loads that will be acting at a particular point throughout the chassis. The various systems mentioned above are mounted on various cross members, these members are then analyzed for the load acting at a certain point. [3][4]
Table.2: Weights of components
After examining the mounting of the above components and their weight distribution across the
mounting points, final load acting on cross members and long members were calculated. [5][6] III. CALCULATION OF BENDING STIFFNESS FOR VARIOUS CHASSIS MATERIAL 3.1 Materials used
Table 3: Material properties
Syt: Yield Strength Sut: Ultimate tensile strength E: Modulus of elasticity 3.2 Bending Stiffness Formula The bending stiffness is the resistance of a member against bending deformation. It is a function of elastic modulus, the area moment of inertia of the beam cross-section about the axis of interest, length of the beam and beam boundary condition. Bending stiffness of a beam can analytically be derived from the equation of beam deflection when it is applied by a force.
Where is the applied force and is the deflection. According to elementary beam theory, the relationship between the applied bending moment (M) and the resulting curvature of the beam is:
International Journal of Mechanical And Production Engineering, ISSN: 2320-2092, Volume- 4, Issue-2, Feb.-2016
Static Finite Element Analysis of N1 Type Chassis For Bending Performance Under Consideration of Different Chassis Material Properties
38
3.3. Meshing of chassis [8]
Fig.5: Mesh of Chassis
Table 4: Mesh specifications
3.4 Defining loads and boundary conditions [8]
Fig.6: Bending analysis deck with loads
Table 5: Loads on chassis for bending
3.5 Calculation of bending stiffness [7] For, Structural Steel: The maximum displacement value achieved is 0.054649m The force acting at the maximum Displacement point is point I with a force of 750 N Therefore, The bending Stiffness = (Force/Deflection)
=(750 / 0.054649) Bending stiffness = 13724 N/m
Fig.7: Analysis results (Vector Displacement) for structural
steel Similar process was carried out for other materials
Fig.8: Vector Displacement plot for AISI 9255
Fig.9: Vector Displacement plot for AISI 5120
International Journal of Mechanical And Production Engineering, ISSN: 2320-2092, Volume- 4, Issue-2, Feb.-2016
Static Finite Element Analysis of N1 Type Chassis For Bending Performance Under Consideration of Different Chassis Material Properties
39
Fig.10: Vector Displacement plot for AISI 2330
Fig.11: Vector Displacement plot for AISI 1006
Fig.12: Vector Displacement plot for AISI 1020
IV. RESULTS
Table 6: Bending stiffness values
CONCLUSION Thus it was observed that the bending stiffness value changes by changing the percentage of alloying elements, the values of bending stiffness of all alloys of Steel are in the range of N1 type Vehicles that is within 22000N/m. REFERENCES
[1] Vijaykumar V. Patel and R. I. Patel, “Structural analysis of a ladder chassis frame”, World Journal of Science and Technology 2012, 2(4):05-08 ISSN: 2231 – 2587
[2] M. Ravi Chandra, S. Sreenivasulu & Syed Altaf Hussain, “Modeling And Structural Analysis Of Heavy Vehicle Chassis Made Of Polymeric Composite Material By Three Different Cross Sections”, Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD), ISSN 2249-6890, Vol.2, Issue 2,Sep 2012 45-60.
[3] Joseph Edward Shigley, Charles R. Mischke “Mechanical Engineering Design”, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 2000, Sixth Edition
[4] M. F. Spotts, “Design of Machine Elements”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New delhi, 2004.
[5] I. D. Paul, S. M. Sarange, G. P. Bhole And J. R. Chaudhari, “Structural Analysis Of Truck Chassis Using Finite Element Method”, International J.of Multidispl.Research & Advcs. in Engg.(IJMRAE), ISSN 0975-7074, Vol. 4, No. I (January 2012), pp. 85-98
[6] M. Zehsaz et al ”The effect of Connection-Plate Thickness on Stress of Truck Chassis with Riveted and Welded Joints under Dynamic Loads”, Asian J. of Applied sciences, ISSN 1996-3343, VOl. 2, No.1 (2009),pp.22-35
[7] Manpreet Singh Bajwa, Sinthya Pundir, Amit Joshi”Static Load Analysis of TATA Super Ace Chassis And Stress Optimisation Using Standard Techniques”,International J of Mechanical And Production Engineering. ISSN: 2320-2092,vol-1, No.2(Aug-2013).
[8] Reddy J.N, “An Introduction to Finite Element Method”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publication, Fifth Edition.
