FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
ISSN 2591-7404
© Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade & Industry, Republic of Singapore
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PREFACE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
iii
The Singapore Department of Statistics publishes statistics on foreign direct
investment position in Singapore. The data are primarily based on administrative records
of government agencies, including financial accounts which companies file with the
Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA). These data were first released
in the publication Foreign Equity Investment in Singapore, 1980-1989 in 1992. Since
then, the data are published on an annual basis.
The report, Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore 2017, which contains the
key findings of the stock of foreign direct investment in the corporate sector in 2017 is
presented in two sections. The first section discusses the composition, growth and level
of foreign direct investment in Singapore. A technical note to explain the source, scope
and coverage of data, as well as the concepts and definitions of terms used, is provided in
the second section. For users who are interested in data on Singapore’s overseas
investment, these are available in another publication Singapore’s Direct Investment
Abroad.
I would like to express my sincere appreciation and all who have contributed
towards this publication.
Wong Wee Kim
Chief Statistician
Singapore
Jan 2019
iv
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Effectiveness We optimise resource utilisation, leveraging on administrative and alternative data sources to ease respondent burden.
CONTENTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
v
Page
PREFACE iii
KEY INDICATORS vi
I FINDINGS
Overall 1
FDI by Sector 2
Geographical Distribution 4
Europe 5
Asia 6
North America 7
Oceania 7
II TECHNICAL NOTES 8
III APPENDIX 15
List of Activities
NOTES
The Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore contains statistics that are the
most recent available at the time of its preparation.
Numbers may not add up to the totals due to rounding.
Industries are classified according to the Singapore Industrial
Classification (SSIC) 2015 (Version 2018).
Values are shown in Singapore dollars (unless otherwise stated).
Some statistics, particularly those for the most recent time periods, are
provisional and may be subjected to revisions in later issues.
vi
Key Indicators of Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore, 2013-2017
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore (Millions of S$) (Stock as at Year-End)
Total 905,760 1,112,348 1,267,981 1,354,821 1,567,974
Direct Equity Investment 818,596 1,005,274 1,163,634 1,217,879 1,413,840
Net Lending from Foreign Direct Investors 87,164 107,074 104,347 136,942 154,134
Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore (Millions of S$) (Stock as at Year-End)
Top 15 Sources (based on 2017)
United States 129,928 192,312 243,060 279,723 339,270
Cayman Islands 59,608 80,917 98,397 106,878 138,218
British Virgin Islands 87,451 105,903 109,942 117,716 125,550
Netherlands 84,902 70,063 99,821 102,392 123,400
Japan 72,246 110,106 115,247 92,795 99,945
United Kingdom 59,016 62,181 60,142 66,741 85,029
Luxembourg 24,414 42,591 48,713 65,642 68,090
Bermuda 34,794 40,516 51,425 56,444 64,445
Hong Kong 33,490 50,218 48,713 56,149 61,034
Switzerland 39,636 44,348 48,404 40,072 40,005
Malaysia 30,941 32,518 32,395 35,272 37,109
China 17,846 16,002 22,689 23,939 36,294
Mauritius 17,036 19,486 22,061 25,160 25,250
Ireland 7,322 10,259 22,234 26,806 24,658
Germany 15,811 17,755 18,597 17,472 21,678
Foreign Direct Investment By Activity in Singapore (Millions of S$) (Stock as at Year-End)
Total 905,760 1,112,348 1,267,981 1,354,821 1,567,974
Manufacturing 159,820 156,996 166,793 170,148 181,582
Construction 3,448 3,945 3,541 4,425 5,298
Wholesale & Retail Trade 189,015 240,617 286,022 296,385 289,754
Accommodation & Food Service Activities 4,050 5,314 6,366 6,514 6,709
Transport & Storage 33,138 38,409 40,505 28,866 31,322
Information and Communications 12,517 18,643 21,554 20,314 30,538
Financial and Insurance Services 404,292 516,665 582,933 668,854 853,807
Financial Services 391,341 501,199 564,921 649,123 833,692
Holding Companies 343,107 441,818 502,315 577,384 758,120
Real Estate Activities 31,892 37,128 34,274 38,588 40,420
Professional, Scientific & Technical, 57,622 81,908 111,171 105,656 112,457
Administrative & Support Services Activities
Others 9,967 12,724 14,822 15,071 16,086
FINDINGS
Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore
FINDINGS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
1
Overall
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
$ bil
Direct Equity Investment Net Lending from Foreign Direct Investors
Direct Equity Investment
90.2%
Net Lending from Foreign Direct Investors
9.8%
Total FDI $1,568.0 bil
The stock of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Singapore grew by 15.7 per cent to reach
$1,568.0 billion as at end 2017. The growth was mainly attributed to an increase in equity
investment.
FDI in Singapore was mainly funded by equity investment which comprises paid-up
capital and attributable reserves. As at end 2017, direct equity investment accounted for
the bulk ($1,413.8 billion or 90.2 per cent) of FDI in Singapore. Net lending made up the
remaining 9.8 per cent ($154.1 billion).
FINDINGS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
2
FDI by Sector
Financial & Insurance Services, $853.8 bil, 54.5%
Wholesale & Retail Trade, $289.8 bil, 18.5%
Manufacturing, $181.6 bil, 11.6%
Professional, Scientific & Technical, Administrative
& Support Services, $112.5 bil, 7.2%
Real Estate Activities, $40.4 bil, 2.6%
Transport & Storage,
$31.3 bil, 2.0%
All Other Sectors, $58.6 bil, 3.7%
As at end2017
Financial & Insurance Services, $668.9 bil, 49.4%
Wholesale & Retail Trade, $296.4 bil, 21.9%
Manufacturing, $170.1 bil, 12.6%
Professional, Scientific & Technical, Administrative
& Support Services, $105.7 bil, 7.8%
Real Estate Activities, $38.6 bil, 2.8%
Transport & Storage,
$28.9 bil, 2.1%
All Other Sectors, $46.3 bil, 3.4%
As at end2016
The industrial distribution of FDI in Singapore as at end 2017 was comparable to that
in the previous year. The financial & insurance services sector accounted for 54.5 per
cent (or $853.8 billion) of the FDI stock. The wholesale & retail trade and
manufacturing sectors also made up significant FDI of $289.8 billion and $181.6 billion
respectively.
Most sectors, with the exception of wholesale & retail trade, registered increases in their
FDI stock as compared to the previous year.
FINDINGS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
3
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
$ bil
Holding Companies Banks
Other Financial Services Insurance Services
0
50
100
150
200
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
$ bil
Others Pharmaceutical
Chemical & Chemical Products Machinery & Equipment
Refined Petroleum Computer, Electronic and Optical
Manufacturing
Within the manufacturing
sector, foreign investors
mainly invested in the
areas of computer,
electronic and optical
products (32.7 per cent or
$59.5 billion), refined
petroleum (12.9 per cent
or $23.4 billion),
machinery & equipment
(12.1 per cent or $22.0
billion) and chemical &
chemical products (9.2 per
cent or $16.6 billion).
Financial & Insurance
Services
Holding companies
contributed to the bulk of
FDI (88.8 per cent or
$758.1 billion) within
financial & insurance
services.
FINDINGS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
4
Geographical Distribution
Europe was Singapore’s top investor with FDI stock of $471.2 billion (or 30.1 per
cent) as at end 2017. This was followed by South and Central America and the
Caribbean ($363.7 billion or 23.2 per cent), North America ($355.8 billion or 22.7
per cent) and Asia ($325.9 billion or 20.8 per cent).
The European Union (EU-28) accounted for about 80.0 per cent of the FDI stock
from Europe.
Non-EU 20.0%
EU-28 80.0% Europe
30.1%
South and Central America and the Caribbean
23.2%
North America22.7%
Asia20.8%
Africa1.8%
Oceania1.4%
FINDINGS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
5
0 50 100 150
Switzerland
Luxembourg
UnitedKingdom
Netherlands
$ bil
Manufacturing
Wholesale & Retail Trade
Financial & Insurance Services
Professional, Scientific & Technical, Administrative & SupportServicesAll Other Sectors
Europe
Similar to previous years,
Netherlands ($123.4
billion), United Kingdom
($85.0 billion),
Luxembourg ($68.1
billion) and Switzerland
($40.0 billion) were the
top investors from
Europe, collectively
accounting for 67.2 per
cent of FDI stock from
Europe.
FDI from Europe were
predominantly in the
financial & insurance
services, wholesale &
retail trade and
manufacturing sectors.
FINDINGS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
6
0 20 40 60 80 100
India
China
Malaysia
Hong Kong
Japan
$ bil
Manufacturing
Wholesale & Retail Trade
Transport & Storage
Financial & Insurance Services
All Other Sectors
Asia
Among foreign investors
from Asia, Japan
continued to contribute to
the highest amount of FDI
stock in Singapore (at
$99.9 billion). Japanese
investors mainly invested
in the financial &
insurance services and
wholesale & retail trade
sectors. Hong Kong,
Malaysia, China and India
were the other major
Asian investors.
Total FDI from Asia were
mainly in the financial &
insurance services sector.
FINDINGS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
7
0 100 200 300
Canada
UnitedStates
$ bil
Manufacturing
Wholesale & Retail Trade
Financial & Insurance Services
All Other Sectors
0 5 10 15 20
NewZealand
Australia
ManufacturingWholesale & Retail TradeTransport & StorageFinancial & Insurance ServicesAll Other Sectors
$ bil
North America
FDI from the United
States totalled $339.3
billion as at end 2017,
accounting for 95.4 per
cent of North America’s
FDI in Singapore
Financial & insurance
services ($220.5 billion),
wholesale & retail trade
($67.5 billion) and
manufacturing ($31.1
billion) were some sectors
that attracted significant
investment from the
United States.
Oceania
The major investor
countries from Oceania
were Australia ($16.6
billion) and New Zealand
($3.2 billion) and their
investments were mostly
in the financial &
insurance services sector.
TECHNICAL NOTES
Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore
TECHNICAL NOTES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
8
Objective
The statistics presented in this report are compiled primarily using administrative
records of government agencies, supplemented with returns from the Survey of Foreign
Debt and Financial Derivative Transactions conducted annually by the Department of
Statistics. The statistics are used extensively by the government, business community and
academicians in their policy-making, business planning and research. The data are also
used as inputs for the compilation of Singapore’s International Investment Position (IIP)
and Balance of Payments (BOP) statistics.
Legal Authority
The survey is conducted under the Statistics Act (Chapter 317), which makes the
submission of returns mandatory. Individual returns received are kept in confidence in
accordance with the Statistics Act.
Administrative Data
Data on the foreign direct equity investment of companies were obtained from
financial statements and records filed by companies with the Accounting and Corporate
Regulatory Authority (ACRA).
Year of Reference
The period of reference is the calendar year. However, for enterprises whose
accounting year differed from the calendar year, they were asked to report according to
the accounting or financial year covering the major part of the calendar year.
Type of Business Activity
The type of business activity refers to the principal activity undertaken by the
enterprise. The principal activity is defined as the one in which the enterprise devotes
most of its resources or from which it derives most of its income. The classification of
TECHNICAL NOTES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
9
the principal activity of the enterprise is based on the “Singapore Standard Industrial
Classification, 2015 (Version 2018)”.
Currency Valuation
Singapore’s investment statistics are expressed in Singapore dollars.
Administrative data and survey returns which are submitted in foreign currencies are
converted to Singapore dollars.
Concept of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
The conceptual framework used in compiling Singapore’s Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI) statistics is based on International Monetary Fund’s Balance of
Payments Manual (BPM).
What is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)?
FDI is the category of international investment that reflects the objective of an
entity (direct investor) resident in one economy obtaining a lasting interest in an enterprise
(direct investment enterprise) resident in another economy.
The lasting interest implies the existence of a long-term relationship between the
direct investor and the direct investment enterprise and a significant degree of influence
on the management of the direct investment enterprise.
The direct or indirect ownership of 10% or more of the voting power of an
enterprise resident in one economy by an investor resident in another economy is evidence
of such a relationship.
What is FDI in Singapore?
FDI in Singapore refers to an investment in which a foreign direct investor owns
10% or more of the ordinary shares or voting power in a Singapore direct investment
enterprise.
Why the 10% threshold?
TECHNICAL NOTES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
10
There may be situations of an investor owning 10% or more of the ordinary shares
of an enterprise but not having an effective voice in the management, or an investor
owning less than 10% of the ordinary shares or voting power of an enterprise but having
an effective voice in the management. However, the recommended threshold of 10% is
to ensure statistical consistency and comparability across countries.
What does FDI measure?
FDI includes the initial equity transaction and position that meets the 10%
threshold and all subsequent financial transactions between the direct investor and the
direct investment enterprise. FDI is not limited to equity investment, and also includes
reinvested earnings and inter-company debt.
Direct investment is a financial concept and is not the same as capital expenditure
on fixed assets. Assets of the direct investment enterprises that are financed by local
borrowing are also not included.
What is FDI stock by country?
FDI stock, in this publication, refers to the value of direct investment position as
at the end of the reference period.
The geographical origins of the investors are established based on their residential
or registered addresses. Foreign investment is recorded according to the immediate
country source based on the recommendations of the BPM. For example, if Country A
invests in Singapore through Country B, it would be recorded as an investment from
Country B (immediate) and not Country A (ultimate).
How different is FDI compared to Investment Commitments?
Other measures of investment include investment commitments or intentions, and
authorised and realised investments. The basic differences between FDI and investment
commitments or intentions are the timing and extent that the transactions will take place.
FDI is recorded only when a direct investment transaction takes place. The basic
difference between FDI and authorised and realised investment is the extent of external
financing by the direct investment enterprise in the reporting economy and the extent of
reinvested earnings. FDI does not measure the liabilities of the direct investment
enterprise to external parties, such as financing from financial institutions. Retained
TECHNICAL NOTES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
11
earnings, an important component of FDI, are not included in investment commitments,
authorised and realised investment statistics.
As an illustration, let us assume a foreign investor has committed $100 million to
set up a manufacturing plant in Singapore. During the year, the investor injected funds
amounting to $30 million of which $20 million was borrowings by the manufacturing
plant from a local bank. In this case, investment commitments or intentions amounting to
$100 million and authorised and realised investment amounting to $30 million would be
recorded while FDI of $10 million would be recorded.
In summary, FDI statistics compiled by DOS are different from data on
investment commitments or authorised and realised investments usually compiled by
investment promotion agencies. Although there are differences between the two sets of
statistics, data on investment commitments may be used to provide a quick assessment of
the FDI trends in Singapore.
Under what circumstances will stock of FDI in Singapore decline?
The stock of FDI in Singapore may decline due to:
a) partial/complete divestment in Singapore direct investment enterprise by foreign
direct investors
b) Singapore direct investment enterprise buying back its shares from the foreign
direct investor
c) Singapore direct investment enterprise is operating at a loss
d) dividends distributed by Singapore direct investment enterprise are higher than
current earnings recorded
e) redemption of inter-company loans from foreign direct investors by Singapore
direct investment enterprises
f) valuation changes and/or currency translation changes.
Under which circumstances are negative FDI in Singapore recorded?
Negative stock of FDI in Singapore may be recorded when:
a) the Singapore direct investment enterprise has negative reserves
b) the value of loans/debt securities from the Singapore direct investment enterprise
to the foreign direct investors is higher than the value of loans/debt securities from
the foreign direct investors to their Singapore direct investment enterprise.
TECHNICAL NOTES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
12
Definition of Terms
Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI)
FDI is a category of investment that reflects the objective of
establishing a lasting interest by an enterprise (direct investor)
resident in one economy in an enterprise (direct investment
enterprise) resident in another economy.
FDI in Singapore FDI in Singapore refers to an investment where a foreign direct
investor owns 10% or more of the ordinary shares or voting
power in a Singapore enterprise.
FDI comprises foreign direct equity investment and the net
lending between the foreign direct investor and the Singapore
enterprise.
Direct Investor A direct investor is an entity resident in one economy that has
acquired, either directly or indirectly, at least 10% of the voting
power of an enterprise resident in another economy.
Direct Investment
Enterprise
A direct investment enterprise is an enterprise resident in one
economy and in which an investor resident in another economy
owns, either directly or indirectly, 10% or more of its voting
power.
Subsidiary, Direct
Investment
Enterprise
A subsidiary is a direct investment enterprise in which an
investor owns at least 50% of its voting power.
Associate, Direct
Investment
Enterprise
An associate is a direct investment enterprise in which an
investor owns at least 10% but less than 50% of the voting
power.
Branch, Direct
Investment
Enterprise
A branch is an unincorporated direct investment enterprise
resident in an economy and fully owned by its direct investor in
another economy.
TECHNICAL NOTES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
13
Affiliate, Direct
Investment
Enterprise
Subsidiaries, associates and branches of a direct investor are
collectively known as affiliates of the direct investor.
Equity Capital Equity capital covers all components of shareholders’ funds
(proportionate to the percentage of shares held), including
equity, contributed surplus, reinvested earnings, revaluations, as
well as any reserve accounts.
The amount of equity capital is compiled based on market value.
Foreign Direct
Equity Investment
Foreign direct equity investment in Singapore refers to equity
capital in Singapore direct investment enterprises attributable to
foreign direct investors.
For branches of non-resident banks, their net fixed assets are
used as a proxy of equity capital. For branches of other non-
resident entities, the net amount owed by branches to their non-
resident head office is used.
Debt Securities Debt securities include bonds, debentures, commercial paper,
promissory notes and other tradable non-equity securities.
Net Lending Net lending refers to the net inter-company debt transactions
between a direct investor and its direct investment enterprise.
Income of Foreign
Direct Investment
Income of FDI consists of earnings on equity investment (i.e.
non-resident direct investor’s share in the net income or
earnings of its resident direct investment enterprises) plus net
income on debt between direct investors and direct investment
enterprises.
Income on equity consists of distributed earnings and reinvested
earnings, whereby earnings comprise:
net operating surplus (NOS)
net interest receivable
dividend income receivable
reinvested earnings receivable
net current transfers receivable
TECHNICAL NOTES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
14
It does not include any realised or unrealised holding gains or
losses arising from valuation changes (including exchange-rate-
related gains and losses), revaluations of fixed assets, or changes
in market prices of financial assets and liabilities. It also does
not include gains and losses due to other changes in volume of
assets, such as write-offs of intangibles, write-offs of bad debts,
and uncompensated seizures of assets. Income on equity is
measured after deducting corporate taxes as corporate taxes
come under current transfers.
Distributed
Earnings
Distributed earnings consist of dividends and distributed branch
profits. Distributed earnings can be paid out of current or past
earnings and may result in negative reinvested earnings if the
distribution of dividends exceeds total earnings in a particular
reference period.
Reinvested
Earnings
Reinvested earnings refer to earnings on equity accruing to
direct investors less distributed earnings, proportionate to the
percentage ownership of the equity owned by the direct
investor(s).
Return on Foreign
Direct Investment
The return on FDI is a measure of the profitability of direct
investment enterprises. Return on FDI is the ratio of the current
year income of FDI to the average of the FDI position in the
current and preceding years.
Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore
APPENDIX
APPENDIX FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
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15
LIST OF ACTIVITIES
SSIC 2015
(Version 2018)
Industry
MANUFACTURING
Food, Beverages & Tobacco
10 Manufacture of Food Products
11 Manufacture of Beverages
12 Manufacture of Tobacco Products
Textiles, Wearing Apparel & Leather
13 Manufacture of Textiles
14 Manufacture of Wearing Apparel; Manufacture of Articles of Fur;
Manufacture of Knitted and Crocheted Apparel
15 Tanning and Dressing of Leather; Dressing and Dyeing of Fur;
Manufacture of Footwear
Wood & Wood Products
16 Manufacture of Wood and of Products of Wood and Cork, except
Furniture; Manufacture of Articles of Straw and Plaiting Materials
Paper, Paper Products & Printing
17 Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products
18 Printing and Reproduction of Recorded Media
Refined Petroleum Products
19 Manufacture of Coke and Refined Petroleum Products
Chemicals and Chemical Products
20 Manufacture of Chemicals and Chemical Products
Pharmaceutical Products
21 Manufacture of Pharmaceuticals and Biological Products
Rubber & Plastic Products
22 Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products
APPENDIX FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
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16
SSIC 2015
(Version 2018)
Industry
Basic Metals
24 Manufacture of Basic Metals
Fabricated Metal Products
25 Manufacture of Fabricated Metal Products Except Machinery and
Equipment
Machinery & Equipment
28 Manufacture of Machinery & Equipment
Electrical Machinery & Apparatus
27 Manufacture of Electrical Equipment
Computer, Electronic & Optical Products
26 Manufacture of Computer, Electronic & Optical Products
Semiconductor Devices
2611 Manufacture of Semiconductor Devices
Computers and Peripheral Equipment
2620 Manufacture of Computers and Peripheral Equipment
Instrumentation, Photographic & Optical Goods
2651 Manufacture and Repair of Measuring, Testing, Navigating and
Control Equipment
2652 Manufacture of Watches and Clocks
2660 Manufacture and Repair of Irradiation, Electromedical and
Electrotherapeutic Equipment
2670 Manufacture of Optical Instruments and Photographic Equipment
Other Electronics nec
2612 Manufacture of Other Electronic Components and Boards
2630 Manufacture of Communications Equipment
2640 Manufacture of Consumer Electronics
2680 Manufacture of Magnetic and Optical Media
APPENDIX FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
17
SSIC 2015
(Version 2018)
Industry
Transport Equipment
29 Manufacture of Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Semi-Trailers
30 Manufacture of Other Transport Equipment
Others
23 Manufacture of Other Non-Metallic Mineral Products
31 Manufacture of Furniture
32 Other Manufacturing
CONSTRUCTION
Construction
41 Construction of Buildings
42 Civil Engineering
43 Specialised Construction Activities
WHOLESALE & RETAIL TRADE
Wholesale Trade
46 Wholesale Trade
Retail Trade
47 Retail Trade
ACCOMMODATION & FOOD SERVICE ACTIVITIES
Accommodation & Food Service Activities
55 Accommodation
56 Food and Beverage Service Activities
APPENDIX FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
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18
SSIC 2015
(Version 2018)
Industry
TRANSPORT & STORAGE
Water Transport & Supporting Services
50 Water Transport
5002 Freight Water Transport
Other Water Transport nec
5001 Passenger Water Transport
5222 Supporting Activities to Water Transport
5225 Marine Surveying Services and Classification Societies
Land & Air Transport & Supporting Services
49 Land Transport and Transport via Pipelines
51 Air Transport
5221 Supporting Services to Land Transport
5223 Supporting Services to Air Transport
Warehousing, Post & Courier Services
521 Warehousing and Storage
5224 Cargo Handling
5229 Other Transportation Support Activities
53 Postal and Courier Activities
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS
Information & Communications
58 Publishing Activities
59 Motion Picture, Video, Television and Other Programme Production,
Sound Recording and Music Publishing Activities
60 Radio and Television Broadcasting Activities
61 Telecommunications
62 Computer Programming, Consultancy and Related Activities
63 Information Service Activities
APPENDIX FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
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19
SSIC 2015
(Version 2018)
Industry
FINANCIAL & INSURANCE SERVICES
Banks
6412 Full Banks
6413 Wholesale Banks
6414 Offshore Banks
6415 Merchant Banks
6416 Finance Companies
Activities of Holding Companies
6420 Activities of Holding Companies
Other Financial Services
6411 Central Bank
6419 Other Monetary Intermediation
643 Trusts, Funds and Similar Financial Entities
649 Other Financial Services Activities, except Insurance and Pension
Funding Activities
661 Activities Auxiliary to Financial Service Activities, Except Insurance
and Pension Funding
663 Fund Management Activities
Insurance Services
65 Insurance, Reinsurance, Provident Funding and Pension Funding
662 Activities Auxiliary to Insurance and Pension Funding
REAL ESTATE ACTIVITIES
Real Estate Activities
68 Real Estate Activities
APPENDIX FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
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20
SSIC 2015
(Version 2018)
Industry
PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL,
ADMINISTRATIVE & SUPPORT SERVICE ACTIVITIES
Professional, Scientific & Technical Activities
69 Legal and Accounting Activities
70 Activities of Head Office; Management Consultancy Activities
71 Architectural and Engineering Activities; Technical Testing and
Analysis
72 Scientific Research and Development
73 Advertising and Market Research
74 Other Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities
75 Veterinary Activities
Administrative & Support Service Activities
77 Rental and Leasing Activities
78 Employment Activities
79 Travel Agencies, Tour Operators and Reservation Service Activities
80 Security and Investigation Activities
81 Cleaning and Landscape Maintenance Activities
82 Office Administrative, Office Support and Other Business Support
Activities
APPENDIX FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
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21
SSIC 2015
(Version 2018)
Industry
OTHERS
01 Agricultural and Related Service Activities
02 Forestry, Logging and Related Service Activities
03 Fishing, Operation of Fish Hatcheries and Fish Farms; Service
Activities Incidental to Fishing
08 Mining & Quarrying
09 Service Activities incidental to Oil and Gas Extraction (excluding
Surveying and Engineering Design and Consultancy Services
Supporting Mining, Oil and Gas Extraction and Offshore Exploration
Services)
35 Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply
36 Water Collection, Treatment and Supply
37 Sewage
38 Waste Collection, Treatment and Disposal Activities; Materials
Recovery
85 Education
86 Health Services
87 Residential Care Services
88 Social Services without Accommodation
90 Creative, Arts and Entertainment Activities
91 Libraries, Archives, Museums and Other Cultural Activities
92 Gambling and Betting Activities
93 Sports Activities and Amusement and Recreation Activities
94 Activities of Membership Organisations
95 Repairs of Computers, Personal and Household Goods and Vehicles
96 Other Personal Services Activities
PROJECT TEAM FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SINGAPORE 2017
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
22
Deputy Directors Mr Khoo Soon Lee
Ms Wu Wei Lin
Assistant Director
Statistician
Ms Cheng Ze Ying
Mr Toh Yong Qing
Lead Manager
Senior Manager
Mr Zainal b Ibrahim
Mrs Tan-Poh Bee Tin
Managers Mr Chua Yih Leng
Mr Yeo Eng Kiat
Senior Executives / Executives /
Management Support Officers /
Corporate Support Officers
Mrs Ho-Wong Kum Yong
Mr Mohamed Hisyamuddin
Ms Izyan Ashikin
Ms Grace Sng
Ms Fadhilah Bte Asmani
Ms Tan Siew Keng
Mrs Lim-Ng Lang Kheng
Ms Kalaiselvi d/o Suppiah
SINGAPORE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS
INFORMATION DISSEMINATION SERVICES
Statistics Singapore Website
The Statistics Singapore Website was launched by the Singapore Department of Statistics (DOS) in
January 1995. Internet users can access the website by connecting to:
https://www.singstat.gov.sg
Key Singapore statistics and resources are available via the following sections:
What’s New
Obtain latest data for key economic and social indicators, browse news releases by DOS
and Research and Statistics Units (RSUs) of other public sector agencies.
Find Data
Choose from almost 50 topics to access the relevant statistics, press releases,
infographics, charts, storyboards, videos and references.
Publications
Browse DOS’s publications, papers and articles by topics. All publications are available
for free access.
Advance Release Calendar
View dates of upcoming releases in the half-yearly ahead calendar.
The website also provides a convenient gateway to international statistical websites and resources:
IMF Dissemination Standards Bulletin Board
View metadata and latest data about Singapore’s key indicators in the real, fiscal, financial
and external sectors, including dissemination practices and information about pre-release
access of current indicators.
International Statistics
Access international databases, websites of international bodies and national statistical
offices.
International Classifications
Access quick links to international economic and social classifications.
SingStat Express
Subscribe to the SingStat Express and receive email and SMS alerts (for local users) on the latest press
releases, notices of publication, occasional and information papers and newsletters. Subscription details are
available at https://www.singstat.gov.sg/whats-new/sign-up-for-alerts.
SingStat Mobile App
The SingStat Mobile App provides users with ready access to the latest key Singapore official statistics
through their mobile devices while on-the-go. Users may visualise data for the latest periods with some 200
charts of commonly used statistics from 27 data categories. The app is continually enhanced to provide more
user-friendly features. Users can now receive notifications on updates to their preferred indicators, organise data
categories in the order of their preference, download tables or share charts via social media and perform
computation for quick analyses. The app is available for downloading in iOS and Android devices. More
information is available at https://www.singstat.gov.sg/our-services-and-tools/singstat-mobile-app.
Statistical Enquiries and Feedback
If you have any statistical enquiries or feedback on our services, you are welcomed to:
E-mail us at [email protected]
Fax to us at (65) 6332-7689
Call us at 1800-3238118* (local callers)
(65) 6332-7738 (overseas callers)
* Calls from mobile telephone lines to 1800 local toll free number may be subject to mobile airtime charges as imposed by the relevant mobile service provider.
SINGAPORE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS
INFORMATION DISSEMINATION SERVICES (cont’d)
SingStat Table Builder
The SingStat Table Builder contains statistical data series on the Singapore economy and population
for users to create customised data tables, and export them in different file formats and download multiple tables
at one go. APIs are also provided in JSON and CSV formats. Explore data trends with this e-service at
https://www.singstat.gov.sg/tablebuilder.
Really Simple Syndication
Really Simple Syndication (RSS) is an easy way to stay updated on the latest statistical news released by
DOS. The SingStat RSS feed delivers statistical news highlights and hyperlinks to the source documents
whenever the updates are posted. More information is available at https://www.singstat.gov.sg/whats-
new/really-simple-syndication-rss.
E-survey
The E-survey enables business organisations to complete and submit their survey forms through the
internet. Using secured encryption protocols, the E-survey ensures that the information transmitted through the
net is secured and protected. The system features online helps and validation checks to assist respondents in
completing their survey forms. With the E-survey, respondents do away with the tedious paper work and manual
tasks of mailing or faxing their survey returns to DOS.