State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company
09/2013
Status Evaluation & Analysis on Equipments of Power Transmission & Distribution in
Lushan Earthquake (April 20, 2013)
Delivered by: Liu Fan
Outline
Equipments Status Evaluation & Analysis of 500kV Substation2.
Equipments Status Evaluation & Analysis of 220kV Substation & Below3.
Status Evaluation & Analysis for 500kVTransmission Lines
4.
Background1.
2
Cause Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
5.
Background
3
Lushan Earthquake at 8:02 20/04/2013
Background
4
First time into Ya'an
Background
5
→ DamagetoPowerGrid
Load Loss446.68MW
Loss of Generation1917MW
Background
6
OutageofSubstationsDuetoEarthquake
220kV:1 110kV:3
35kV:5
550kV:1220kV:1110kV:2
35kV:4
110kV:235kV:6
110kV:235kV:5
35kV:1
110kV:135kV:1
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
7
→ StatusofYa'anSubstation
Substation Ya'anLocation Shiyang Town, Tianquan County, Ya'an City
Capacity 1500MVANo. of
Transformer 2 (750MVA for each)
Type of Transformer
Three-phase Off-circuit Tap Changing Auto Transformer
Function─ For Local Power Supply ─ Gather & Transfer Hydropower from Ya'an District and 500kV Shimian & Jiulong Substation
─ Severely Damaged
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
8
→DamageofPrimaryEquipments
Equipments Damage
Transformer 1# & 2# #1: Oil Leakage of Phase A B C HV Bushing;#2: Breakage on Phase A Medium Voltage Bushing
500kV Bus & Line
─ Oil Leakage of Phase B Shunt Reactors for Shiya Line 2#─ Oil Leakage of Bushings of Shiya Line 2# Phase A & C Shunt Reactors─ Oil Leakage of Shunt Reactors for Shiya Line 1# & 2#─ Oil Leakage of Yashan Line 2# Phase A Shunt Reactor (Discovered on 26th of April)
220kV Bus & Line─ Damage of Surge Arresters for 220kV Bus 3 & 4─ Damage of Surge Arrester Post Insulator on #2 Transformer Medium Voltage Side
Other
─ Oil Leakage found on Phase C CT of 319# Breaker for 1# Auxiliary Transformer─ Breakage of Joint on 3kV Bus II HV Fuse─ Foundation Sinking found at where 400V feeder panel sets
9
HV Bushing: Oil Leakage Collapse of Surge Arrestor
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
→DamageofPrimaryEquipments
10
Breakage of Bushing Collapse of Surge Arrester
→DamageofPrimaryEquipments
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
11
Oil Leakage
Line Outage Due to
Severe Leakage
→DamageofPrimaryEquipments
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
12
→DefectsDetection&HandlingofPrimaryEquipments
Detect of Equipment Defects throughout the Substation
Equipments Volts Measures Quantity
AC Breaker 500kV SF6 & Infrared Diagnosis 39220kV 30
Isolator 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 78220kV 72
Surge Arrestor 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 21220kV 33
PT 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 33220kV 12
Shunt Reactor 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 21
CT 500kV Infrared Diagnosis 7220kV 7
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
13
Examine damage of Surge Arrester
Collapse of 500kV MOA
→DefectsDetection&HandlingofPrimaryEquipments
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
14
On Site Examination of Porcelain MOA
On Site Examination of Porcelain MOA
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
15
On Site Examination of Transformer & Shunt Reactor
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
16
Oil Leakage Due to Ceramic envelope Breakage Position Appears Breakage
On Site Examination of Transformer & Shunt Reactor
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
17
→Damageto500kVNeijiangSubstation
HV Bushing Oil Leakage
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
18
─ Deformation of Connecting Bolts ─ Transposition of Gaskets
→Damageto500kV
NeijiangSubstation
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
19
Examination of Damaged Equipments
Provision of Suggestion for Equipment Replacement
Technology Supervision of Hand-Over Test
Oil & Gas Analysis
Urgent Repair Plan Formulation and Technical Support
Live Detection of Power Euipments
Support of Strategy for Power Grid Operation
→TechnicalSupportOnSite
Evaluation&Analysison500kV Substation
20
→DamageofEquipmentsof220kV&Below
─ Including 220kV Huanggang and Tianquan, 110kV Shaping Chengnan and Shiyang Substation
Substation Volts Equipments No. Type of Defects
Huanggang 220kV
Transformer 1Bushing Breakage &
Transpostion, Oil Leakage on Radiator
Surge Arrester 11 DamagedRelaying
Protection 1 Protective Cabinet Door Fallen Off, LCD Pannel Cracking
Tianquan 220kV Transformer 1 Bushing Oil Leakage, Gaskets Transposition
Shaping 110kVTransformer 3 Bushing Oil Leakage
Breaker 4 CollapsedCT 1 Collapsed
Chengnan 110kV Transformer 1 Bushing Oil LeakageShiyang 110kV No Physical Damage Found
Evaluation&AnalysisonSubstationof220kV &Below
21
→ExaminationofDamagedEquipments
Loosening of 35kV Bushing Sealing CT Collapse
Evaluation&AnalysisonSubstationof220kV orBelow
22
Damage of Circuit Breakers
Evaluation&AnalysisonSubstationof220kV orBelow
→ExaminationofDamagedEquipments
23
→TechnicalSupport
Recovery of Transformer
Strategy for Maintenance & Operation
Routine Test
Live Diagnosis
Evaluation&AnalysisonSubstationof220kV orBelow
24
Evaluation&Analysison500kV TransmissionLines
→500kV TransmissionLinesOperatingWell,Few
TowerBase,SlopeProtectionandTowerStructure
WerePartiallyDamaged
Crack of Tower Base and Slope Protection
25
→LessonsFromEarthquake
Crack of SlopeP r o t e c t i o n a n dTower Structure
Evaluation&Analysison500kV TransmissionLines
26
─ In both Wenchuan and Ya'an Earthquake, bushings oftransformers & shunt reactors appear breakage at the root, and Leadsto oil leakage, whereras the Body Parts were rare to see damageBushingStructure(b/wBushingRoot
andTurrets)CauseAnalysis
Bolts Connected without caging devices
Mostly caused by gaskets transposition, then bolts deformation and shed breakage
Bolts Connected with caging devices
Rare to see gaskets transposition, but bushing shed breakage could lead to oil leakage unless there is a notable shearstress
Pouring ConnectedRare to see gaskets transposition, but bushing shed breakage could lead to massive oil leakage unless there is a huge shearstress
Cause Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
→CausesofDamage
27
→ImportanceofSeismicResearch
Power Equipments Vulnerability
PGA Distribution Map of Sichuan Power Grid
Sichuan Laying on Seismic Belt
Solid Demands after Earthquake
Lack of Experience
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
28
Vulnerability & Complexity of Power System Equipments
→StatusQuoofSeismicResearch
Seismic Freq.1-10Hz
Equipment Freq. 1-10Hz
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
Close to
Resonance Oscillation
Equipments Materials
Low Intensity & DuctilityPoor Damping Capability
Other Factor Concerned
Nature of EarthquakeDamping, Rigidity, Material, External Load
29
List of Seismic Qualification
→SeismicQualification forElectricPowerFacilities
Category Code Name
IEC
IEC2771-2:2003IEC62271-300:2006IEC61463
1. High-voltage switchgear and controlgear-Seismic qualification for rated voltages of 72,5 kV and above2. Seismic qualification of AC circuit-breakers3. Bushings – Seismic qualification
USA IEEE693 Seismic Qualification of Composites for Substation High-Voltage Equipments
JAPAN JEAG 5003-1998 Guide for Seisimic Design of Substation Equipment
CHINA GB/T 13540-2009GB50260-96
1. Seismic Qualification for High-Voltage Swichgear and Controlgear2. Code for Design of Seismic of Electrical Installations
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
─ Adaptible to Electric Power Facility Installation,
Expansion and Reconstructon in Area of Seismic Fortification
Design b/w 6~9:
Scope of Application
1. Facilities from 110kV~750kV AC Projects;
2. Facilities from DC Projects of ±660kV or Below
30
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
→SeismicQualification forElectricPowerFacilities
31
Propose Seismic Standard for HV Projects1
2、 Confirm Seismic Test Requirements22、 Supplement of Isolation & Dissipation
Design for Electrical Power Facility3
4、 More Specified Framework DAF4
Specified Load Combination5
SeismicDesignfor
PowerFacilityin
China
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
→SeismicQualification forElectricPowerFacilities
1. Seismic Design Subjected to being Surpassed with a 2% Probability;
2. Proposed Seismic Design Response Spectum for HV Equipments
Propose Seismic Standard for HV Projects
32
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
─ To test the seismic capability of new facility or large-size equipments,
Earthquake Simulator is required; for those equipments unable to test due to problems
of size, weight, complexity etc., or even already passed the test but with slight change
on structure, we can adopt stochasticly test or test & analisis method.
ConfirmedTestRequirements
InstitutesSatisfiedtheRequirements
In OperationChina Academy of Building Research, Tongji Uniersity, Chongqing Jiaotong Designing Institute
Under ConstructionIn stitute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration (Beijing), Chongqing University
33
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
─ For facilities located at area of high intensity, which is unable to satisfy
seismic requirements or subjected to higher or specialized requirements, this article applies.
→SupplementofIsolation&DissipationDesignforElectricalPowerFacility
Capacitor(NewZealand) Reactor(USA) 34
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
Tipical Isolation & Dissipation Design
Surge Arrester(Japan) 35
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
Isolation Test for Transformer Bushing(UC)
Tipical Isolation & Dissipation Design:
─ Bushing Acceleration Rate From 1.02g Down to 0.289g
36
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
FPS-isolation System:Relate toS u r f a c e R a d i u s & G r a v i t yCoefficients,Independant of mass
Tipical Isolation & Dissipation Design
37
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
→ResearchHaveDown
38
After Wenchuan Earthquake:Lounch a Project "Research on Damage of Power Equipments at Wenchuan Earthquake" Together withTongji University
"Research on 500kV Ya'an Substation Bushing Damage at 4.20 Lushan Earthquake"
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
Isolation&DissipationDesignandApplicationfor220kV XiamengSubstation
Post Insulator Transformer Base 39
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
Analysis on Transformer Bushing Breakage at 500kV Ya'an Substation
High Seismic IntensityLevel 9, Almost Upper Limit
Bushing Structure ?1. Connected by caging
devices
2. Large gravitational torque
Materials ?
Easy to DamageBushing of Transformer 1# after Disassembly
40
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
ComparisonofBushingConnection
Type of Connection Prons Cons
Clamped by Caging Devices
Mature Tech., Easy for Installation, with Certain Resiliance and Deflection
High Cost, Vulnerable Subjected to Collision
Pouring ConnectedAs a Whole, Easy to Withstand Earthquake of Certain Level
Highly Rely on Intensity of Porcelain Shed, Can Lead to Devastating Result Subjected to Violent Earthquake
41
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
42
→SeimicDesignofPowerSystemEquipments
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
No. SuggestionsforEquipmentsWithstandingEarthquake1 Use High Intensity Porcelain Material or Silicon Envilope
2 Select Post Insulator with High Intensity Porcelain and Equipments with Solid Insulator as Support
3 Use Equipments with Low Centre of Gravity, such as GIS, HGIS etc.
4 Suggest Not to Use Rod Insulator Supported Distribution Equipment of Tubular Bus Bar, Aluminum Tubular Bus Bar is Suggested to use Suspension Insulator
5 Use Damping Devices for Equipments Easy Subjected to Resonance Oscillation, Therefore Change System Frequency and Damping Ratio
6 Renforce Floating Equipments Connection to Avoid Transposition or Collapse
7 Considering 3/2 Connection Scheme unless Equipments and Site Area Allow
Project: Study on Substation Equipments Vulnerability at High Seismic Intensity Area of Sichuan
→ResearchPlan
43
Causes Analysis & Seismic Design of Equipments
1 Analysis of Failure mode and Law of Electrical Equipments in Earthquake
2 Exploration of Evaluation Approach for Level of Damage to Substation Equipments
3 Evalution of Seismic Withstand ability for Substation & its Equipments at High Intensity Area of Sichuan
4 Evaluation of Substation Capability to Withstand Earthquake as a Whole, Propose Scheme for Capablity Improvement
5 Proposing Optimal Solutions to Flange Connection of Bushing Type Equipments
Thank You
for your attention!
44