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CITY OF CAPE TOWN WATER QUALITY
STATUS REPORTSTATUS REPORT
2006-06-21
MPHARU HLOYI
(Manager: Scientific Services)
LEGISLATIONNational Water Act requires the Minister of Water Affairs to be:
responsible to ensure that our water is safe for drinking, for recreation and a range of diverse life and sustainable economic activities
OBJECTIVESCity of Cape Town Quality Status through the entire water value chain
Addressing Challenges on Water Quality from Abstraction to Discharge
The present City’s capabilities on managing water quality
WAETR QUALITY PROCESSDams
Water Treatment
Reticulation
WWTW
Aquatic systems
Coastal
Current StatusThe entire Water Quality value chain of the city is measured at Scientific Services of Water Services Department situated in Athlone.
BULKWATER
11 Water Treatment Works with monitoring programme of samples= 64 844 per year
Frequency of sampling=weekly on composite raw and final water
Frequency of sampling on operation=hourly
96%compliance with SANS 241:2005.
Water Quality MonitoringWater Quality Monitoring
Constituent TDS pH EC Turbidity (NTU)Faecal Coliforms
count/100mlTotal Coliforms Count per
100mlFree chlorine
Frequency (times/year) 16380 164596 120005 157680 5200 5200 157680
Constituent Fluoride Arsenic Nitrates +Nitrites Sulphate Zinc Copper Cadmium
Frequency (times/year) 936 0 2654 2654 936 936 2654
Constituent Calcium Sodium Chloride Manganese Potassium Iron Other
Frequency (times/year) 2654 2654 7852 2654 2654 2654
Basic chemical sampling Biological sampling Physical characteristics sampling
Every 0,0625 days Every 7 days Every 0,04 days
Drinking Water Quality MonitoringDrinking Water Quality Monitoring
BULK WATER CHALLENGESWater quality from abstraction has deteriorated and impacts on cost of treatment of potable water. (ref: Towards s strategy for a waste discharge system : DWAF 2003) not applied effectively.
Algae proliferation from the Dams impacts treatment, taste, odour and toxins e.g (Theewaterskloof and Voelvlei Dams)
Powdered activated Carbon is added to remove the taste,odour and toxins and very expensive.
Uniformity on intepretation of SANS 241:2005 for Compliance
ALGAL MONITORING & IDENTIFICATION PROCESS
1. Algae2. Sample collection3. Microscopic Algal
identification of toxins 4. Microcystins
identification by Elisa Technology
5. Advice WTW to use Powder Activated Carbon or not put high cost
RETICULATIONDrinking water supply
Total of 256 Reservoirs and Distribution points in formal and settlements.
Frequency of sampling is on weekly basis
Total 98 976 physical, microbiological and chemical analysis measured per year
98%compliance with SANS 241:2005.
Water supply is still safest and cleanest to drink from your tap.
Wastewater(Domestic &Industrial Effluent)
Total 4725 registered(commercial &Industrial)
350 industrial effluent tariff samples based on City By-Law and 14 593 determinant measured per year.
25% non-compliance and ‘Polluter Pays’ principle is applied.
RETICULATION CHALLENGESAgeing of the infrastructure(frequent analysis)
Internal coating adaptable to quality of water transported needs frequent monitoring because it can cause red water problems
Stability of water pH and Chlorine through the distribution line.
More public awareness on health and education as the society is becoming water quality aware.(e.g.Maggots Saga).
Human resources capacity to increase industrial Effluent monitoring to reduce the impact of the load on wastewater discharge.
Water pollution minimisation strategy and law enforcement
WASTEWATER22 Wastewater Treatment Works with monitoring programme with total samples per year=10 453
3 Marine Outfalls
Total 109 608 analysis measured per year
76% compliance for 4 key paramaters with DWAF Permits for wastewater discharge.
Wastewater ChallengesAgeing, maintenance, demand of new Infra-structure
Rapid Population growth and increase in housing demand
Sewer catchment growth
Reticulation growth
Sewage spillages from over flows
Capital budget
CATCHMENT, STORMWATER &RIVER MANAGEMENT SERVICES
Rivers, vleis, and Coastal monitoring samples 310 sampling points year
Frequency is monthly and fortnightly
Total 73 240 analysis per year
Compliance is assessed by referring to DWAF Water Quality guidelines for aquatic ecosystems and for recreational use
2004/05 CSRM Annual Report
Rivers : 37 % compliance (E.coli)
Vleis : 68% compliance
Costal (False Bay):80% compliance
CSRM ChallengesIdentify sources of point and non point source pollution
Rehabilitation of ecosystem for health improvement and minimisation of risks in human health
Co-ordination of line function within city to ensure integrated urban catchment management is effective.
Involvement communities in river management initiatives
Managing flood risks.
Internal management process on water quality
Highest qualification (PhDs ,Masters, Honours, Bachelors and Diploma in various water sciences and engineering fields
Water Quality Data in the old UNIX system is currently replaced by Newly purchased Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS)which will be live in March 2007.(Launched, June 2006)
The city’s drinking water quality has consistently achieved position 1 in SABS inter-laboratory comparison.
Launch Policy Statement (14 June 2006) its SANAS:17025 accreditation which will be completed by 2008. Legislation requires that analysis be performed in the accredited laboratory.
State of art instruments, ICP, FIA, IC TOC, UV, HPLC, ELISA
Policy statement launch 14June 2006Management commitment to ISO 17025 accreditation
Partnerships and Collaborations addressing Water Quality
SLA’s within internal Departments of the city
21 W RC Steering Committee
DWAF
Community forums(Formal and Informal Settlements)
Collaboration with Western Cape academic Institutions
Collaboration with Amatola Water (Eastern Cape)
Belgium University
OSLO twinning with CoCT
Malawi twinning project with the City in the process
Volunteerism in Water QualityFormation of Grey water project in formal and informal settlements (2006)
YES(Youth Environmental Schools)
CSRM Community Forums
Improvement on dissemination of information on water quality
HEALTH AND EDUCATION PLANS ON WATER QUALITY
38 students graduated and done projects on water quality with the city from the past five years but not retained.
45 Workshops held Citywide primarily in informal settlements spanning over an extensive area. (Simonstown to Atlantis)
Focused Approached
Understanding the cycle of WATER
Actual delivery of Services
Health and Hygiene issues
Environmental Issues
Scarcity of Water(Saving)
HELTH AND EDUCATION PLANS ON WATER QUALITY...General Water Quality provided by the City
All of the above will be addressed in a Audio Visual, intended to be complete by end July 2006
COMMUNITY CAMPAIGNS
Way ForwardPrioritise and address all challenges of WATER Quality
Abstraction and Discharge
Ensuring adequate budget for infrastructure
Continuous Education and Awareness Programmes
Develop a Strategy within Water Services to ensure that skills are retained… and capacity developed.
To ensure that alignment by the City to Provisional Water Sector Plan
ConclusionLet us work together for a better city