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1 Nokia Siemens Networks
Performance of 3GPP Rel-9 LTE positioning methods
2nd Invitational Workshop onOpportunistic RF Localization for Next Generation Wireless DevicesJune 13 - 14, 2010
Karri Ranta-ahoSenior Specialist, Radio StandardizationNokia Siemens Networks
Nokia Siemens NetworksYour Network Partner
Global Leadership
The #2 network infrastructure provider in the world
60,000 employees in 150 countries, including 28,000 service professionals
Serving more than 600 customers and supplier to 75 of Top 100 communicationservice providers
More than 1.5 billion connections served, including over half the worlds WCDMA/HSPA mobile subscribers
North America Market Strength Connecting 100M+ Mobile Subscribers
18M+ Fixed Subscribers
Serving 150+ Customers Supplying 8 of the Top 10 operators 3,000+ employees in 25 offices
throughout the U.S. and Canada
2nd Opportunistic RF Localization for Next Generation Wireless Devices June 13-14, 2010 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA, USA
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Soc Classification level 3 Nokia Siemens Networks
3GPP Location Standards EvolutionAn Overview
Release 6Privacy Profile
Register,inter-GMLC Lr
interface
Release 7LCS for I-WLAN
including reference to OMA SUPL, A-GNSS (Galileo)
2000 2005 2007
Release 4PS Domain
2001
Release 5EnhancedSubscriber
Privacy
2002
Release 99CS Domain
A-GPS(Phase1)
Release 8A-GNSS
[GLONASS & A-GPS (Phase II),
QZSS]
March 2009
3GPP Release 9 introduced LTE control plane signalling support for LCS
Release 9 Control Plane LCS in EPS (Evolved Packet System)
March 2010
Release 10TBD
Est. March 2011
LTE fromRel-8
onwards
Soc Classification level 4 Nokia Siemens Networks
Fallback
Fallback
Primary
Cell ID based positioning + Enhancements Server knows the geographical locations of the cells Timing Advance can be used to find the UEs distance from the eNB antenna Neighbor cell measurements etc. can be used to increase the accuracy
LTE Positioning Methods- overview3GPP Release 9
OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival) UE location can be tri-laterated with the knowledge of three or more eNBs
Transmit timings of the cells in the system and their geographical locationsReceived time difference of at least two other cells vs. serving cell in the UE
Assisted Satellite positioning (A-GPS, etc) Network can provide assistance data for faster/more reliable fix
Must get GPS fix from 4 satellites
UE must detect signal of 3 eNBs
Neighbor cells enhance accuracy
A-GPS considered the primary positioning technique in LTE Other techniques used when GPS fix not available
2nd Opportunistic RF Localization for Next Generation Wireless Devices June 13-14, 2010 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA, USA
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Soc Classification level 5 Nokia Siemens Networks
A-GNSS
OTDOA
The server asks the UE locate itself Provides also satellite assistance
data to aid detection Satellite based positioning is radio
system agnostic LTE just provides a connection between
the UE and the server
The server provides the UE with a list of potential neighbors cells to search
The UE measures and reports OTDOA for detected neighbor cells
Detection of at least two neighbor eNBsin addition to the serving eNB required
LTE Positioning Methods
Enhanced Cell ID
The UE reports The serving cells Cell ID The radio link Timing Advance Detected neighbor cells and Rx levels
Server approximates the UE location
T3 T2
T1
Provides neighbor cell information and triangulates the UE location
Serving eNB
Cell 3Cell 2
E-SMLC
Measures OTDOAof each neighbor relative to the serving cell
Provides assistance datafor faster/more reliable GPS fix
Provides GPS location Serving eNB
E-SMLC
d
D
Cell ID locates the UE to the cell size and shape
Timing Advance gives the UEs approximate distance from the serving eNB
Detected neigbors and their relative signal levels approximate where in the arch the UE is
Neighbor eNB
Serving eNB
Neighbor eNB
E-SMLC
Estimates the UE location based on the measurement reports
1
2
3
Soc Classification level 6 Nokia Siemens Networks
Accuracy expectations of the LTE positioning techniques
1m 3 10 50 100 300 1km 3km 10km
Availability
Accuracy
remote
rural
sub-urban
city
in-door
A-GNSS
Satellitepositioning
Primary Location Determination method
Supplementary Location Determination method
95%
Soc Classification level 7 Nokia Siemens Networks
A-GPS Fallback Combined
Less than 3 sites detected; OTDOA fails,E-Cell-ID used.
3 or more sites detected; OTDOA works 3 sites detected
~70% of cases;OTDOA works
Positioning accuracy
Assume 67% probability for GPS fix 80% probability for GPS
location error < 50m 100% probability for GPS
position error < 150m
P(50m)
P(150m)
73%54%
85%67%
Performance of the fall-back methods, city environment
78%
95%
The A-GPS performance is compromised in urban/indoor environments
WLAN a good fall-back technique for indoors case, not used in this slide.
The performance of the fallback methods heavily depending on the deployment
Cell sizes Deployment of OTDOA Usage of OTDOA hearability aids
Soc Classification level 8 Nokia Siemens Networks
Summary
3GPP Release 9 standardized positioning techniques for LTE A-GNSS (A-GPS) as the primary method Enhanced Cell-ID and OTDOA as fall-back methods
A-GPS performance very good when GPS fix successful Urban/Indoor challenging for A-GPS
Fall-back techniques performance heavily deployment dependent Cell sizes Usage of OTDOA and its hearabilty enhancements Base station accuracy (antenna locations, transmit timings) WLAN a good candidate for enhanced indoor positioning performance
2nd Opportunistic RF Localization for Next Generation Wireless Devices June 13-14, 2010 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA, USA
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9 Nokia Siemens Networks
Thank You! Questions ?
2nd Opportunistic RF Localization for Next Generation Wireless Devices June 13-14, 2010 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA, USA
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