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STEAM BOILERS SUBMITTED TO: Mr. Ankit Soni Assistant Prof. Mechanical Dept. SUBMITTED BY: Mukul Dev Kushwah 0903ME101054 20 Dec 2011 1
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STEAM BOILERS
SUBMITTED TO:
Mr. Ankit Soni
Assistant Prof.
Mechanical Dept.
SUBMITTED BY:
Mukul Dev Kushwah
0903ME101054
20 Dec 2011
1
Contents
General Introduction of Steam Boilers.Steam & Its Uses.Boilers Classification with Example.Mountings & Accessories in Steam Boilers.Draughts with its Uses.Capacity & Efficiency of Steam Boilers.Needs Required for a Good Boiler.Reference.
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20 Dec 2011
General Introduction
It is a closed vessel in which water is firstly heated, then vaporized & finally converted into steam.
The pressure at which steam generated is always higher than the atmospheric pressure.
The energy which is used to produced steam is “Heat Energy” & it is measured in calorie.
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Simple Figure of Steam Boiler4
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Steam & Its Uses
Steam: It is simply the water vapor, which is formed when water boils.
Basically, steam is the gaseous phase of water.
Steam is used for various purposes: In Power Generation. In Industrial Process. Heating.
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Boilers Classification
According to their relative position.
According to water circulation.
According to its position.
According to the steam pressure.
According to its use.
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Fire tube and Water tube Boiler7
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Mountings in Boiler
Safety Valves.Pressure gauge.Feed Check Valve.Fusible PlugFeed Pipe.Steam Stop Valve.Water Level Indicator.
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Simple Figure of Steam Boilers Mounting9
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Boilers Accessory
Economizer.
Super-heater.
Air –pre heater.
Steam Injector
.Feed-pump.
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Simple Figure of Steam Boilers Accessories11
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Draught in Boilers
It is defined as the pressure difference due to which the flow of gases inside in a boiler takes place.
The pressure difference is very small.
It works in such a way that it sucks the air from furnace and discharged the hot flue gases in atmosphere.
It is of two types:
i. Natural Draught.
ii. Artificial Draught.
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Working of Draught14
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Boilers Evaporation Capacity & Efficiency
The quantity of steam which is generated by boiler at full load is called ‘evaporation capacity of boiler”.
It is basically the ratio of mass of steam generated to time or heating area or mass of fuel burned per hours.
It is defined as the ratio of actual heat utilized in steam production to the amount of heat liberated by burning of fuel.
The first quantity is measured in kg/hour or kg/hour/m*m or kg/kg while the second one is measured in %.
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Needs Required for a Good Boiler
The boiler should have maximum steam generation with minimum using of fuel consumption.
It should be very economical and also have a low maintenance cost.
It should be started and stopped quickly.
It should posses better combustion and overall efficiency as well.
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References
Basic Mechanical Engineering by V.D.Shrivastava, S.K.Somani and M.M.Rathore.
Basic Mechanical Engineering by D.K.Gupta.
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.techessays.com
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